Geographic considerations I.
a.
Ancient China was ___________________ i.
_______________ to East ii.
Gobi Desert to ______________________ iii.
Mountains to _________________ iv.
______________________ to South b.
Huang-He (Yellow) & Yangtze Rivers formed . . . c.
___________________ _______________________was always a problem
II.
Shang Dynasty (1800 to 1027 BC) a.
First historical dynasty confirmed in ________________ ________________ b.
Info about dynasty comes from different sources => c.
Form of Government i.
Military was maintained to fight against . . . ii.
King ruled rural land while nobles ruled semi-independent city states => d.
Society i.
Very hierarchal & ________________________ ii.
Shang appear to have been herders transitioning … iii.
________________ dominated society iv.
Group was more important than _____________________________
1.
Family was …
2.
___________________ _____________________ was common v.
Isolation meant no ________________; thus, Chinese were … e.
Technology i.
Metallurgy

1.
Bronze metallurgy was ____________________________
2.
Iron casting introduced late in kingdom; better than anything …
3.
Military used _________________ ii.
Writing system
1.
______________________ language
2.
Over 10,000 characters =>
3.
Modern Chinese written language . . .
4.
Language unified a large, diverse culture =>
III.
Zhou Dynasty (1027 to 256 BC) a.
Nomadic people who . . . b.
Absorbed Shang _______________ c.
Introduced “Mandate of Heaven” concept i.
Belief that rulers were the “Son of Heaven” and … ii.
Dethronement of ruler proved that … iii.
When bad things happened in society, it meant that … iv.
People were then justified to _______________ and __________________ the king v.
Theory explained and justified the demise of the Shang dynasty and _________________ the present and future rulers d.
Government i.
Transitioning from city states of Shang to . . . ii.
Central government of Zhou Dynasty exercised greater … e.
Technology i.
Built many _________________ and canals ii.
Coined money helped spur ________________ (why?) => iii.
Iron casting
1.
Iron weapons were a huge advance over …

2.
Took Europe ______________ years to catch up to Zhou
IV.
Fall of Zhou Dynasty / “Time of Warring States” (481 to 256 BC) a.
Nomads from North, West . . . b.
Nobles asserted their local power => c.
Period characterized by general collapse of . . . d.
During this time Sun Tzu wrote “_________________________________” e.
Also during this time, _________________, __________________ emerged as philosophical schools of thought