Computer Technology Terminology
Types Of Computers:
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Desktop or Personal Computer -A PC is in a form for regular use at a base.
Workstation -Is a high-end microcomputer designed for technical or scientific
applications.
Laptop or Notebook - A computer for mobile use.
Supercomputer -A computer for processing capacity, particularly speed of calculation.
Mainframe -Powerful computers used mostly by corporate and government
organizations.
Server -Is a physical computer used for running many services.
PDA/Handheld - Is a personal digital assistant.
Viruses:
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Boot sector virus - It is a virus that infects the first sector, the book sector, or a hard
drive.
File virus - It is a virus that infects executable type files.
Macro virus -It is a virus that infects a Microsoft Word and causes a sequence of actions
to be performed automatically when the application is started.
Trojan Horse -is a type of malware that seems like a normal file but it’s real purpose is to
grant a hacker unauthorized access to a computer.
Time bomb -Is a virus that is in effect at a certain time or date and the computer blacks
out.
Worm -They are a special form of virus that uses the internet email address book to
spread to other computers.
Logic bomb - Is a piece of code intentionally inserted into a software system that will set
off a malicious function.
Attachments - Is a computer file sent along with an email message or anything else.
Virus Prevention -Computer systems that prevent viruses.
Networks:
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Network - Is a group of computers and other hardware components interconnected.
File server - Is a computer attached to a network that has the function of providing a
location for shared disk access.
LAN -Local area network is a computer network that interconnects computers in a small
area.
WAN -A Wide Area Network is a network that covers a huge area.
IP address -An Internet Protocol address is a numerical label assigned to each device.
Word Processing:
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Ruler Bar -It allows you to format the vertical alignment of text.
Grammar vs. Spell Check -It’s a tool that checks your Grammar or Spelling in a text.
Line Spacing -It’s the distance between the baselines of successive lines of type.
Graphics - The representation of a image.
Clipboard - Is a software that can be used for short-term data storage..
Tabs -Used for multi-tasking.
Letterhead -Is the heading at the top of a sheet.
Signature Block -Area provided for one’s signature.
Memo -A note or document used for reminders
Fax - Is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
Letter -Is a form of communication.
Computer Components, Hardware:
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System unit - It includes the chassis, microprocessor, main memory, bus and ports.
CPU -Central processing unit is the central processor unit.
Silicon chip - It is a chip that contains millions of transistors.
Hertz -The SI unit of frequency
Ram -A type of computer memory.
ROM -A class of storage medium.
Bit - The basic capacity of information in a computer.
Byte -Unit of digital information in computing.
Kilobyte -Is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information
Megabyte - Is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information
Gigabyte -Is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information storage
Terabyte - Is a multiple of the unit byte digital information
Storage devices -For storing or recording information.
Medium/media -They are the storage and transmission channels.
Hard drive -Used to store data.
Input devices -Devices you put into your computer for use of data or syncing, etc.
Output devices -Devices you use with your computer like printers or scaners, etc.
Resolution -A measurement of digital audio quality.
Pixels - Is a physical point in a raster image.
Peripheral devices -Things such as a computer mouse, keyboard, hard drive, etc.
Computer Performance And Processing:
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Boot process -It is a group of steps that a computer uses to reboot when electricity is
gone.
Input -It’s the entrance or exit of a certain device that is inserted into a system.
Output -It’s the term used for an exit device which actives and modifies a process.
Storage -It’s technology that, of a computer components, records media used to retain
digital data.
Processing -Is an electronic sketchbook.
Base 2 binary code - It represents numeric values using 0 and 1.
Spreadsheet -Is a computer application program for organization and to analysis
information.
Formula -Is an entity that uses the symbols and formation rules of a logical language.
Functions - Is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of outputs.
Order of Operation -It is the order of which procedures should be performed.
Column Heading -It is the coloured row of letters, used to show each column.
Number Formatting -The arrangement of date for storage.
Active Cell -The cell that continues the value being used.
Different type of Charts -Is a graphical representation of data.
Legend -Things to be read.
Mathematical Operators -A computer performs mathematical operators, which is a
procedure where it produces something new from one or more input values.
Rows vs. Columns - A row is a horizontal set of date or components and a column is a
vertical line of characters from top to the bottom of the screen.
Computer Components, Software:
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Program -It is a number of instructions written to perform a specific task with a computer.
Operating system -Is a software that manages computer hardware resources and gives
normal services for programs.
Folder -A virtual container within a digital file system.
Multitasking -Doing more than one thing at a time
GUI (Graphical interface) -User interface that allows people to interact with electronic
devices using images.
Platform -Where the combination allows software to run.
Icons -They are pictograms on a computer screen that are used to go through a
computer system.
Menus - ?????
Application software -Is computer software designed to help the person to perform
certain tasks.
Internet:
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WWW -Is the World Wide Web.
Internet -It is a global system of interconnected computer networks.
URL -It is a uniform resource locator, which is a specific character string.
Browser -It is an application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information
resources on the World Wide Web.
Domain (list examples) -It’s a common network name, like Facebook and Google.
Internet Service Provider -Companies that provide you your internet, like Teles and
Shaw.
Search Engine -They are engines used to search the World Wide We.
Freeware -Is a software sold for no cost, it’s free.
Shareware -It’s a software that is provided to users for no cost and on a trial basis.
Public Domain -any program that is not copyrighted.
Keyword -Words that are used to reveal the internal structure.
Boolean Operators (And, Or, +, -, Not, “ “) -Describes how to determine a Boolean
value.
Hyperlink - It is a reference to data that the reader can directly follow.
SPAM -It sends unsolicited bulk messages.
Phishing -A try to get information like usernames, passwords, and credit card details by
looking like a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication.
Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) - They are a set of rules that are put there by the owner or
the manager or a network.
Presentations:
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Slide Layout - They contain formatting, positioning, and placeholders for all the stuff that
appears in a slide.
Transition -It is an mainl part of a smooth flowing presentation.
Slide sorter view - Is a window that displays thumbnail versions of all your
slides.
Animations -They used to make reveal new texts in a unique way.
Custom Animation -Customized to your standards to reveal new texts.
Handouts -Pamphlets that are given to the audience containing information about the
presentation.
Slide Design -The customized view of a slide.
Action Button -It makes your presentation simpler to navigate.
Hyperlink -It’s a reference to data that the reader can directly follow.
Speaker Notes -Are notes that you can to the presentation slides to use as a reference.
Rehearse Timing -The amount of time you give to each slide.