• 50 year old male smoker went for a C.T chest contrast for the suspected CA lung. After two days he developed nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath and decreased urine output. On clinical examination he has blood pressure 170/100 mmHg, pulse 120b/min, R/R 30 B/min, pedal edema, raised JVP with bilateral crepatitation up to mid zone on chest examination. Lab showed Urea is 300mg/dl, Creatinine 12mg/dl, Sodium is 139 mEq/l, Potassium is 5.8 mEq/l, Serum chloride is 85 mEq/l, & Serum Bicarbonate is 06 mEq/l • Learning Objective: • • At the end of the session students should be able to: • 1. Define chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) • 2. Enlist major Causes of chronic Kidney Disease including glomerular, tubule-interstitial nephritis, vascular, congenital, obstructive • 3. Define Stages of chronic Kidney Disease • 4. Elucidate clinical presentations (Symptoms & Signs) of chronic Kidney Disease • 5. Outline Investigations pertinent to the cause • 6. Enlist complications of chronic Kidney Disease • 7. Outline treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease and complications • 8. Decide when to Refer for dialysis and transplantation • 9. Counsel regarding the prognosis of CKD/ESRD