Name:
Topic:
Learning Target(s): 12/13
Period:
Main Ideas or
Vocabulary:
Matter can change
states
Definitions, Examples, or Pictures:
When matter changes from one state of matter to
another, the substance does not change.
What changes are the arrangement of the
particles/molecules and the amount of space
between the particles/molecules.
Melting
The process by which a solid becomes a liquid.
Different solids melt at different
temperatures.
As a solid heats up, the particles gain energy and
move faster. If the vibrations are fast enough, the
particles break loose.
Melting point of water is 0 degrees Celsius.
Example: Ice changing from a solid to a liquid. Steel
melting to be molded into a form.
Freezing
The process by which a liquid becomes a solid.
As the temperature of a liquid decreases, the
particles lose energy, and begin to move more slowly.
The particles may move slow enough to become a
solid.
Freezing point of water is 0 degrees Celsius.
Examples: Liquid wax to a solid candle
Evaporation
The process by which a liquid becomes a gas.
As the temperature increases, the energy in the
liquid increases. More particles can escape from the
surface of the liquid.
The faster moving particles at the surface of a liquid
gain enough energy and escape to become a gas.
Examples: Water boiling in a pot on the stove; Wet
clothes drying on a clothes line.
Sublimation
The process by which a solid turns directly into a gas.
Example: Dry ice demos
Condensation
The process by which a gas changes its state to
become a liquid.
When you cool a gas it loses energy. The particles
move more slowly.
Examples: Dew on the grass; water droplets on a
window
Kinetic Theory of
Matter (pg 104)
All of the particles that make up matter are
constantly
in motion.
Temperature - A measure of the average kinetic
energy
(energy of motion) of the particles in an object.
Substance at a higher temperature – particles move
faster because they have more energy.
Substance at a lower temperature – particles move
slower because they have less energy.
Summary
Matter can change from one state to another when
the
energy of the particles increases or decreases.