1. Scientists (2 questions)
2. The monomer of a nucleic acid is
a. Amino acid
b. Sugar
c. Nucleotide
d. Fatty acid
3. Monomers are joined together by covalent bonds create a nucleic acid polymer s using
a. Dehydration synthesis
b. Hydrolysis
c. Ionic bonds
4. All organisms have DNA that consists of monomers containing adenine, guanine, thymine, and
cytosine. If this is the case, why do we have so many different kinds of organisms?
5. The Central Dogma states that
a. DNA can replicate
b. DNA can be transcribed into RNA
c. RNA can be translated into amino acids (proteins)
d. All of the above.
6. Why is it possible to insert the gene for human insulin into a bacteria?
a. The bacteria has an insulin gene
b. The bacteria has a chromosome that is the same as the human chromosome
c. The nucleotides used in all species are the same
7. Changes in DNA
a. Are called mutations
b. Can be positive, negative or silent
c. Can lead to new organisms
d. Can create variations in alleles
8. An example of a GMO is
a. Cancer
b. Insect resistant corn
c. Blue eyes and green eyes
9. A gene technology that attempts to replace a defective gene with a properly working gene is:
a. Cloning
b. Transgenics
c. Gene therapy
10. DNA is replicated
a. When proteins are created
b. During mitosis
c. During interphase
d. Only when a cell is damaged
11. The reason for DNA replication is:
a. To create identical copies of DNA for daughter cells in meiosis
b. To create a strand of RNA to build proteins
c. To create identical copies of DNA for daughter cells in mitosis
12. Explain how to replicate the following strand of DNA: Be sure to include both enzymes we
discussed (and three if you remember all three), and list and define the term used to describe
the type of replication that occurs
a. ATTGTTCGGCA
TAACAAGCCGT
13. Consider the following nucleic acid sequence:
AUG – ACG – AAA – GCC – UGU – AGG – UAA
List below the following
a. The DNA double stranded sequence
b. The mRNA sequence
c. The amino acid sequence.
14. A protein consists of 802 amino acids. How many bases are present in the RNA transcript?
Show your work (or explain in words how you arrived at your answer.
15. How would a substitution in the 6th DNA base impact the amino acid sequence in Question 12?
16. Which DNA triplet would need to mutate (in question 12) to produce a nonsense mutation.
Explain what a nonsense mutation is.
17. What are possible causes of mutation
a. Chance
b. UV light
c. Chemicals
d. All of the above
18. List three types of food that have been genetically modified. What is the key reason for this
modification?
19. How are tRNA and mRNA created? Compare and contrast tRNA and mRNA.