Name ___________________________________
Date ___________________
Study Guide
Matter and Elements District Unit Test (revised Sept 2015)
**Please study ALL vocabulary words!**
IN ADDITION, please answer the following questions:
1) What are the 4 states
of matter we
discussed in class?
Provide an example
of each state.
State
Example
solid
book
liquid
water
gas
helium
plasma
florescent lights
1) density
2) weight
2) What are the 4
properties of matter? 3) mass
4) volume
3) What are properties? Definition: characteristics of matter
Provide 2 examples
of a property.
4) What is density?
Give an example.
5) What is volume?
How do you find
volume?
Examples: size and shape
Definition: the amount of matter packed into a
given volume (amount/size of space)
Examples: Egg experiment, Red, white and blue
experiment
Definition: the amount of space matter takes up
(the size of something)
Formula: Length x Width x Height = Volume
Definition: the amount of matter contained in
6) What is mass?
7) What is weight?
8) What is the
difference between
mass and weight?
9) At what point do
substances change
from:
10) What does the
atomic weight
represent?
How do you find the
atomic weight?
11) What does the
atomic number
represent?
How can you find
the atomic number if
you aren’t given it?
12)
What is a
compound?
Give an example of
a compound.
an object, MASS IS CONSTANT AND NEVER
CHANGES
Definition: the measurement of the force of
gravity on an object
The mass of an object always is the SAME, the
weight of an object CHANGES depending on
gravity.
Solids to liquids?
 melting point
Liquids to solids?
 freezing point
Liquids to gas?
 boiling point
Atomic weight = the sum of the # protons and #
of neutrons
How do you find it? The number at the bottom of
each element in the periodic table
Atomic number = is the # of protons
How do you find it? The number in the upper left
corner of each element on the periodic table.
Definition: 2 or more different elements joined
together
Example: NaCl (Sodium and Chlorine = salt)
13)
14)
15)
16)
What is a
molecule?
Definition: 2 or more atoms joined together
Give an example
of a molecule.
Example: O2
(same or different)
What happens to
Heated: the molecules move quicker
molecules when
they are heated or Cooled: the molecules slow down
cooled?
Solid: Ice
Give an example
of water in each
of the 3 main
Liquid: Water
states of matter
found on Earth.
Gas: Water Vapor
Definition: gases that have taken on high
What is plasma?
energy electrical charges
Describe
properties of
plasma.
Properties: extremely high temperatures, glows
Name 3 examples
of plasma.
 florescent lights
different colors
 stars
 northern lights
17)
Where is plasma
mainly found?
How much of the
universe is made
up of plasma?
found: mostly in space
how much: 99%
Definition: a change in which the shape or
18)
What is a physical
change?
Name 3 examples
of physical
changes.
form of a substance becomes different but the
nature of the substance stays the same.
Examples:
 ice melting
 mixing cake batter
 tearing paper
Definition: a change in which the nature of a
19)
What is a
chemical
change?
Name 3 examples
of chemical
changes.
substance is made different from what it
originally was
Examples:
 metal rusting
 wood burning
 leaves changing color
20)
What is the main
difference
between a
physical and a
chemical
change?
In a chemical change, the nature of a
substance changes and in a physical change
the nature of the substance stays the same.
21)
Illustrate the molecule formation for a solid, liquid, and gas. Describe how
the molecules move for each state. Name an example of each.
State:
Molecule
movement:
Example:
22)
liquid
gas
vibrate
move freely
within a certain
size
moves freely
book
milk
oxygen
Label the charges for each part of an atom:
Protons:
23)
solid
positive
Electrons: negative
Neutrons: neutral
Fill in the table below.
Element Name
Element Symbol
Carbon
C
Chlorine
Cl
Hydrogen
H
Nitrogen
N
Oxygen
O
Sodium
Na
Calcium
Ca
Helium
He
24)
Draw an example of what happens when two or more liquids are mixed
together with different densities. Label the densest and the least dense
liquids.
Least dense rises to the top
Ex. Dish soap
Middle density in the middle
Ex. Milk
Most dense item sinks to the
bottom
Ex. corn syrup
25)
Draw an example of what happens when a solid is placed in a liquid with
a different density. (ex: egg in salt water & egg in fresh water)
Egg in fresh water
Egg in salt water
26)
What compound is formed when:
Elements that are combined
Compound
A. 2 hydrogen atoms are combined with 1
oxygen atom?
B.
1 sodium atom combines with 1 chlorine
atom?
C. 1 carbon atom combines with 2 oxygen
atoms?
D. 1 hydrogen atom combines with 1 chlorine
atom?
27)
Water
Table Salt
Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen Chloride
Label the parts of the element diagram below.
9
2
7
Word Bank
Element Name
Element Symbol
F
Atomic Number
Atomic Weight
Electrons
Shell Names
Fluorine
19
19
28.
Reading Individual Elements on the
Periodic Table of Elements
25
atomic
number
2
8
Mn
symbol
element
name
electrons
13
2
Magnese
54.9
atomic weight
54.9
Question
Answer
What is the symbol?
Mn
What is the atomic number?
25
What is the atomic weight?
54.9
How many electrons are in the 1st energy
level? 2nd energy level? 3rd energy level?
2, 8, 13
How many protons are in this element?
25
How many electrons are in this element?
25
How many neutrons are in this element?
30