1
Table 1 Anetenatal and perinatal factors considered in this study
<Background of institute>
More than two specialists
Availability of NICU
24 hour anesthetic availability
Rapid access to blood and blood products
<Risk factors>
Preeclampsia/eclampsia
Chronic hypertension
Smoking habit
Trauma
<Information on admission>
Maternal transfer
Onset place of symptoms: outside of hospital
Parity
Maternal age
<Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings>
Vaginal bleeding
Abdominal pain
Abnormal FHR patterns
Abnormal ultrasonographic finding
Uterine tenderness with abnormal FHR pattern
<Information at delivery>
Cesarean section
Gestational age at delivery (weeks)
Birth weight (g)
Male/Female
Umbilical artery pH
Apgar score ( 1 min)
Apgar score (5 min)
<Information after delivery>
Blood loss (cc)
Blood transfusion
2
Table 2. Results of univariate analysis in terms of risk factors of fetal acidemia
Primipara
Maternal transfer
Preeclampsia/eclampsia or chronic
hypertension
Vaginal bleeding
Abdominal pain
Abnormal ultrasonographic finding
Abnormal FHR patterns
Bradycardia
Persistent late decelerations
Cesarean section
Gestational age at delivery (weeks)
Gestational age at delivery <35 wks
Birth weight (g)
Male
Apgar score ( 1 min)
Apgar score (5 min)
Blood transfusion
＊represents median(min-max).
Case (N=43)
24 (55.8%)
28 (65.1%)
Control (N=179)
75 (41.9%)
109 (60.9)
p
0.14
0.742
16 (37.2%)
42 (23.5%)
0.104
21 (48.8%)
20 (46.5%)
35 (81.4%)
42 (97.7%)
32 (74.4%)
9(20.9%)
41 (95.3%)
34(24-39)*
19 (44.2%)
1997 (517-3504)*
22 (51.2%)
2(0-6)*
5 (0-9)*
21 (48.8%)
98 (54.8%)
57 (31.8%)
128 (71.5%)
98 (54.7%)
42 (23.5%)
34 (19.0%)
171 (95.5%)
35 (24-41)*
99 (55.3%)
2062 (774-3450)*
108 (60.3%)
6 (0-9)*
8 (0-10)*
37 (20.7%)
0.596
0.104
0.257
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.919
0.993
0.07
0.253
0.107
0.568
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.006
3
Table 3 Results of multiple regression analysis affecting umbilical arterial pH
Potential predictors
Bradycardia
Persistent late decelerations
Gestational week at delivery
Abnormal ultrasonographic findings
Abdominal pain
Vaginal bleeding
Partial
regression
coefficient
95% CI
p
-0.256
-0.133
0.006
-0.054
-0.047
-0.021
-0.302 – -0.210
-0.186 - -0.08
-0.0002 – 0.011
-0.099 – -0.009
-0.089 – -0.006
-0.061 – 0.02
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.059
0.019
0.026
0.318
4
Table 4 Results of multivariate analysis in terms of risk factors for fetal acidemia
Potential predictors
Bradycardia
Persistent late decelerations
Gestational week at delivery < 35 weeks
Abnormal ultrasonographic findings
Abdominal pain
Vaginal bleeding
Odds
ratio
50.34
15.13
1.82
2.01
1.70
1.47
95% CI
p
11.07 – 228.93
3.05 – 74.97
0.81 – 4.17
0.75 – 5.39
0.73 – 3.92
0.64 – 3.44
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.152
0.164
0.216
0.362