Supplemental table 1: Center-stratified patient demographics, median observation periods, deaths and leukemic transformations among 1,545 patients with World Health Organizationdefined polycythemia vera Center Pavia N 175 364 (48%) 57 years (18-84) 53/123 (15%/34%) 5.5 years (0-27) 23 (6%) 15 (4%) 163 (48%) 64 years (19-95) 34/69 (10%/21%) 7.9 years (0-39) 147 (44%) 17 (5%) 113 (51%) 94 (44%) 82 (54%) 81 (56%) 52 (48%) 60 years (20-88) 63 years (21-92) 62 years (28-91) 59 years (20-89) 64 years (22-85) 19/55 (9%/25%) 16/49 (8%/23%) 8/24 (5%/16%) 10/32 (7%/22%) 14/24 (13%/22%) 7.9 years (0-29) 7.7 years (0-33.3) 4.5 years (0-19) 8.5 years (1-31) 7.8 years (0-30) 58 (26%) 75 (35%) 8 (5%) 19 (13%) 17 (16%) 8 (4%) 5 (2%) 2 (1%) 2 (1%) 1 (1%) 1,545 760 (49%) 61 years (18-95) 347 154/376 6.9 years (23%) (10%/24%) (0-39) 50 (3%) Rochester 337 Bergamo 223 Vienna 213 Florence 153 Vicenza 146 Padua 109 Total Median age Age below Median Leukemic Males at diagnosis 40/50 years follow-up Deaths transformations n (%) (range) n (%) (range) n (%) n (%) 1 Supplemental table 2: Overall survival prediction among 1,545 patients with polycythemia vera using cutoff values for age and leukocyte count, as determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis (age cutoff = <57, 57-66 and ≥67 years; leukocyte cutoff = 15 x 109/L) Overall survival Age categories (years) ≥67 57-66 Leukocyte count ≥15 x 109/L Thrombocytosis ( ≥450 x 109/L) Extreme thrombocytosis ( ≥1,000 x 109/L) Arterial thrombosis (at or before diagnosis) Venous thrombosis (at or before diagnosis) Hypertension Diabetes Leukoerythroblastic blood smear Pruritus Abnormal karyotype N evaluable Univariate P values Age-adjusted P values 1,545 <0.0001 1,545 <0.0001 <0.0001 1,545 1,545 0.003 0.04 0.02 0.26 1,545 0.0007 0.21 1,545 0.008 0.001 1,388 1,149 1,056 1,349 <0.0001 0.003 0.002 0.04 0.25 0.10 0.002 0.008 631 <0.0001 <0.0001 Multivariable P values* (HR ; 95% CI) N=964 Multivariable P values** (HR ; 95% CI) N=383 <0.0001 (8.5; 5.7-12.6) (2.9; 1.9-4.4) <0.0001 (2.2; 1.6-3.0) 0.1 <0.0001 (12.1; 5.6-26.4) (4.0; 1.7-9.0) <0.0001 (4.1; 2.4-6.9) 0.47 0.001 (1.8; 1.1-2.8) 0.0004 (3.7; 1.8-7.6) 0.06 0.005 (0.7; 0.5-0.9) 0.94 0.02 (0.5; 0.3-0.9) 0.0009 (3.0; 1.6-5.6) *Karyotype excluded as a covariate **Karyotype included as a covariate 2 Legend: Supplemental figure 1: Overall survival in 1,545 patients with polycythemia vera stratified by center of origin. Supplemental figure 2: Survival in 337 Mayo Clinic patients with polycythemia vera, stratified by age group (<57, 57-66, and 67+ years), and compared to expected survival based on individuals of the same age and gender from the US Total population; the respective number of patients in each age category was 117, 90 and 130. Supplemental figure 3: Karyotype-inclusive risk-stratified survival in 631 patients with polycythemia vera. The presence of abnormal karyotype increased the risk level to the next higher level: best survival curve = low risk with normal karyotype; next best curve = low risk with abnormal karyotype or intermediate risk with normal karyotype; third best curve = intermediate risk with abnormal karyotype or high risk with normal karyotype; worst survival curve = high risk with abnormal karyotype. Supplemental figure 4: Cumulative probability of leukemic transformation in 1,545 patients with polycythemia vera, stratified by treatment exposure history, as outlined in table 2. 3 4 5 6 7