Name: ___________________________________________________________ Date: ________________ Period: _____
Class Notes: Bacteria
CELL STRUCTURE
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Prokaryote: no _________ or ______________.
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Chromosome & plasmids float freely in __________________
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Ribosomes: create ____________
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Flagella: used in ___________
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Pili: act as ____________
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Capsule: outer ____________
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_____________: “cocoon” to protect DNA in harsh times
BACTERIAL SHAPES
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Many bacteria grow in _________________
3 Basic Shapes:
1)____________ = Rod
2) ____________ = Spherical
3) ____________ = Spiral
BACTERIAL REPRODUCTION
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Binary Fission: _________________ reproduction where one cell splits into two cells
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Both cells have ____________________ sets of DNA
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______________ genetic diversity
Conjugation: process where ___________________ is exchanged
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Cells connect by _______________
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________________ exchanged
Creates genetic diversity
NUTRITION
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Heterotrophs: feed on _______________ produced by ________________
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_________________: absorb nutrients from dead matter
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_________________: absorb nutrients from living matter
Essential to healthy _________________
RESPIRATION
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Obligate Aerobic = must live in _______________
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Obligate _______________ = cannot live in oxygen
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_____________ aerobic = can live with or without _________________
ARCHAEA
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Live in __________________ environments
1) Methanogens:
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Anaerobic
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Produce _________________ gas as a waste product
CONJUGATION
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Habitat: Swamps, sewage, ________________
2) Thermophiles
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______________and _____________ loving bacteria
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Habitat: Deep sea vents, volcanoes, _________________ (230°F)
3) Halophiles
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Thrive in areas of high ______________concentration
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_______________ normally ________________ organisms
Use ____________to make ___________________
EUBACTERIA (MODERN BACTERIA)
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_______________ to most environments on Earth
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Identified by ________________ test
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Gram negative:
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stains __________
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____________ to treat
Gram positive:
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stains _____________
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____________ to treat
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Treatments differ depending upon _______________
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Cyanobacteria: _________________ bacteria
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Evolutionary Importance
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Early life lived in _____________ (no ______________)
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Cyanobacteria released ____________ into the _______________
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___________recombined into ozone (________) in the _________________
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Protective layer allowed life to _____________on ______________
HELPFUL BACTERIA
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Helpful in nature
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_______________: create ________
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Decomposers: ______________ Carbon
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______________ fixing bacteria
Bacteria have been ______________ for human uses:
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Food: ___________, ______________, yogurt, cabbage, sauerkraut
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Medicine: ________________
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Industry: insecticides, fuel, __________________