What Obama and the tea party have in common
By George F. Will, Published: October 18
Much is wrong with Washington these days, including much of what is said about what is
wrong. Many Americans say there is “too much politics” in Washington. Actually, there
is too little. Barack Obama deplores “politics as usual” here. But recently Washington has
been tumultuous because politics, as the Framers understood it, has disintegrated. Obama
has been complicit in this collapse.
His self-regard, the scale of which has a certain grandeur, reinforces progressivism’s
celebration of untrammeled executive power and its consequent disparagement of
legislative bargaining. This is why Obamacare passed without a single vote from the
opposition party — and why it remains, as analyst Michael Barone says, the most
divisive legislation since the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Obama and his tea party adversaries have something important in common — disdain for
the practice of politics within the Framers’ institutional architecture. He and they should
read Jonathan Rauch’s “Rescuing Compromise” in the current issue of National Affairs
quarterly.
“Politicians,” Rauch notes, “like other people, compromise because they have to, not
because they want to.” So Madison created a constitutional regime that by its structure
created competing power centers and deprived any of them of the power to impose its
will on the others.
The Madisonian system, Rauch says, is both intricate and dynamic: “Absent a rare (and
usually unsustainable) supermajority, there is simply not much that any single faction,
interest, or branch of government can do. Effective action in this system is nothing but a
series of forced compromises.”
Rep. Tom Cole, who represents southwest Oklahoma, has a PhD in British history and
studied at the University of London, says some of his colleagues in the House of
Representatives “think they are in the House of Commons.” That is, they have not
accepted the fact that, in the Madisonian system, legislative and executive powers are
separated.
By this separation, Rauch writes, Madison built “constant adjustment into the system.”
His Constitution is a “dynamic political mechanism” under which no faction ever prevails
with finality. This is because there is no finality:
“Forcing actors to bargain and collaborate slows precipitous change while constantly
making negotiators adjust their positions. . . . The requirement to bargain and find allies
provides new ideas and entrants with paths into politics and ways to shake up the status
quo. But that same requirement prevents upheaval by ensuring that no one actor can seize
control, at least not for long.”
Obama, who aspires to be Washington’s single actor, has said of his signature
achievement: “I would have loved nothing better than to simply come up with some very
elegant, academically approved approach to health care, and didn’t have any kinds of
legislative fingerprints on it, and just go ahead and have that passed. But that’s not how it
works in our democracy. Unfortunately, what we end up having to do is to do a lot of
negotiations with a lot of different people.”
Obama wanted something simple rather than a product of Madisonian complexity. He
wanted something elegantly unblemished by “any” messy legislative involvement, other
than Congress’s tug of the forelock at final approval. It is, Obama thinks, unfortunate that
he had to talk to many people.
He and some of his tea party adversaries share an impatience with Madisonian politics,
which requires patience. The tea party’s reaffirmation of Madison’s limited-government
project is valuable. Now, it must decide if it wants to practice politics.
Rauch hopes there will be “an intellectual effort to advance a principled, positive,
patriotic case for compromise, especially on the right.” He warns that Republicans, by
their obsessions with ideological purity and fiscal policy, “have veered in the direction of
becoming a conservative interest group, when what the country needs is a conservative
party .”
A party is concerned with power , understood as the ability to achieve intended effects. A
bull in a china shop has consequences, but not power, because the bull cannot translate
intelligent intentions into achievements. The tea party has a choice to make. It can
patiently try to become the beating heart of a durable party, which understands this: In
Madisonian politics, all progress is incremental. Or it can be a raging bull, and soon a
mere memory, remembered only for having broken a lot of china. Conservatives who
prefer politics over the futility of intransigence gestures in Madison’s compromiseforcing system will regret the promise the tea party forfeited, but will not regret that, after
the forfeiture, it faded away.