SUPER POWER PROTEINS Objective: Review the process of transcription and translation Instructions: 1. Select ONE super power (s) (trait) that your super hero will have by highlighting the row of the super power. Super Power Speed Super strength Agility Regeneration Super vision Super Hearing Telekinesis Telepathy Psychometry Shapeshifting Elasticity Invisibility mRNA section --UUC-CUU-UCA-GCU-CAA-GUA-CCG-UUU-GUA-CAC---GCG-AGU-CUG-CUG-AUA-AGU-AGG-CCU-GAA-GCC---GCG-AGG-CUG-CUG-AUA-AGU-AGG-CCU-GAA-GCC---ACU-CUU-GUA-CCA-CAU-GCA-GCU-GCC-GCG-UAC---CUC-UUU-AUU-UUU-UAC-AAC-CGC-GCC-GCC-GCC---CUC-UUU-AUU-UUG-UAC-AAC-CGC-GCC-GCC-GCC---UCC-CCU-ACA-GCA-UAC-UGC-GUA-AUC-CUA-UUU---UCC-CCU-ACA-GCA-UAC-UCC-GUA-AUC-CUA-AGG---ACA-GCG-UAC-CAU-CAG-AAU-AAG-AGC-AGA-GGA---CUC-CUC-CUC-CUC-CCA-AAA-CUC-CUC-CUC-CUC---CUG-CCA-CAC-CGC-GCC-GGA-UUA-UCC-GCG-AAA--GCC-AGA-CUA-UUG-UGG-CCA-GCC-CAG-ACC-CGA-- 2. Look at the codon chart and write the amino acid chain sequence coded by mRNA. Alanine : Ala Arganine: Arg Asparagine: Asn Aspartic acid: Asp Cysteine: Cys Glutamic acid: Glu Glutamine: Gln Glycine: Gly Histidine: Hist Isoleucine: Ile Leucine: Leu Lysine:Lys Methionine: Met Phenylalanine:Phe Proline:Pro Serine: Ser Threonine: Thr Tryptophan: Trp Tyrosine:Tyr Valine:Val START: Met Image source: http://biology-forums.com/index.php?topic=71640.0 Amino acid chain: ______________________________________________________ © copyright- All rights reserved www.cpalms.org 3. Describe why you have chosen those super power(s) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Use the mRNA sequence of your super hero and write the complimentary DNA chain? mRNA _____________________________________________________________________ DNA _____________________________________________________________________ 5. How was the mRNA produced? In which organelle of the cell was the mRNA produced? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Explain the role of the mRNA in your super hero ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. Compare and contrast the mRNA sequence of the super powers “super strength” and “agility”. Are there any changes to the final product? Explain ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 8. Look at the super powers “super vision” and “super hearing”. Are there any changes to the final product? Explain ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 9. Think about two parents homozygous for invisibility & super strength, who recently found they are expecting. Which traits will the baby show? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 10. Create a flow chart of how your super hero is determined by DNA. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 11. The proteins of your super heroes (where/ where not) a result of transcription and translation. © copyright- All rights reserved www.cpalms.org 12. Give a name to your super hero and complete his/her image TEACHER NOTES 1. Select ONE super power (s) (trait) that your super hero will have by highlighting the row of the super power. Super Power Speed Super strength Agility Regeneration Super vision Super Hearing Telekinesis Telepathy Psychometry Shapeshifting Elasticity Invisibility mRNA section High speed to travel or perform actions. Strong, tough and durable; physically stronger than humans. Lighting speed reacting, flexibility and jumping capacity. Capacity to heel when injured. Ability to see minuscule details at a large distance. To hear in long distances and different range of sounds. Using your mind to move objects Communicating trough the mind with other species. Discovering facts of someone or events by touching an object. Physically changing into other form or being. Ability to return the body to its natural shape after stretching long distances or various shapes. Ability to be invisible to the naked eye. 2. Look at the codon chart and write the amino acid chain sequence coded by mRNA. Amino acid chain: Super Power Speed Super strength Agility Regeneration Super vision Super Hearing Telekinesis Telepathy Psychometry Shapeshifting Elasticity mRNA section --Phe-Leu-Ser-Ala-Gln-Val-Pro-Phe-Val-Hist---Ala-Ser-Leu-Leu-Ile-Ser-Arg-Pro-Glu-Ala---Ala-Arg-Leu-Leu-Ile-Ser-Arg-Pro-Glu-Ala---Thr-Leu-Val-Pro-Hist-Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala-Tyr---Leu-Phe-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Asp-Arg-Ala-Ala-Ala---Leu-Phe-Ile-Leu-Tyr-Asp-Arg-Ala-Ala-Ala---Ser-Pro-Thr-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Val-Ile-Leu-Phe---Ser-Pro-Thr-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Val-Ile-Leu-Arg---Thr-Ala-Tyr-His-Glu-Asp-Lys-Ser-Arg-Gly---Leu-Leu-Leu-Leu-Pro-Lys- Leu-Leu-Leu-Leu ---Leu-Pro-Hist-Arg-Ala-Gly-Leu-Ser-Ala-Lys-© copyright- All rights reserved www.cpalms.org Invisibility --Ala-Arg-Leu-Leu-Trp-Phe-Ala-Glu-Thr-Arg -- Note: - Between super strength AGU-Ser and agility AGG-Arg (aminoacids correspond to different boxes in the mRNA codon chart) and super vision UUU-Phe and super hearing UUG-Leu there is a change of a single nitrogenous base that changes the amino acid (aminoacids correspond to same boxes in the mRNA codon chart); a mutation causes - - - this. This can be as an introduction or reinforcement on mutations and the importance of taking the time to correctly read the mRNA codon chart. In regeneration you can use the repeated sequence of Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala to reference how some proteins can have repetitions of the same aminoacids. At the same time you can reference that mutations in which a base repeats more than usual can cause lethal disease such as Huntington’s disease. Clarify this is a hypothetical case and that Huntington’s is not the repetitions of Ala. Between telekinesis and telepathy you can see that Cys is coded by both UGC and UCC; but each of them end in different aminoacids thus super powers. Great opportunity to reinforce the importance of taking the time to correctly read the mRNA codon chart. As extension you could ask students: Using Shapeshifting super power mRNA, How would the protein been synthesized would be different if instead of CCA coding for Pro the bases are changed to UAA? --CUC-CUC-CUC-CUC-CCA-AAA-CUC-CUC-CUC-CUC— --Leu-Leu-Leu-Leu-Pro-Lys- Leu-Leu-Leu-Leu – --CUC-CUC-CUC-CUC-UAA-AAA-CUC-CUC-CUC-CUC— --Leu-Leu-Leu-Leu-Stop-Lys- Leu-Leu-Leu-Leu – Students should answer that it will stop; the protein cannot be completed. Sometimes changes/ mutations causes proteins to be cut due to the stop code and this protein would not function correctly. 3. Describe why you have chosen those super power(s) Answer may vary. Before and during the activity reinforce that the description should be a complete sentence focused on positive qualities of the super power. 4. Use the mRNA sequence of your super hero and write the complimentary DNA chain? 5. How was the mRNA produced? In which organelle of the cell was the mRNA produced? mRNA was produced in the process of transcription inside the nucleus. 6. Explain the role of the mRNA in your super hero The mRNA role is to code the protein that gives the super hero its powers. 7. Compare and contrast the mRNA sequence of the super powers “super strength” and “agility”. Are there any changes to the final product? Explain All codons and aminoacids are the same except for AGU in super strength and AGG in agility that code for different aminoacids and the en results is different powers. © copyright- All rights reserved www.cpalms.org Between super strength AGU-Ser and agility AGG-Arg (aminoacids correspond to different boxes in the mRNA codon chart), a mutation causes this. This can be as an introduction or reinforcement on mutations. 8. Look at the super powers “super vision” and “super hearing”. Are there any changes to the final product? Explain All codons and aminoacids are the same except for UUU in super strength and UUG in agility that code for different aminoacids and the en results is different powers. Between super vision UUU-Phe and super hearing UUG-Leu there is a change of a single nitrogenous base that changes the amino acid (aminoacids correspond to same box in the mRNA codon chart); a mutation causes this. This can be as an introduction or reinforcement on mutations and the importance of taking the time to correctly read the mRNA codon chart. 9. Think about two parents homozygous for invisibility & super strength, who recently found they are expecting. Which traits will the baby show? The baby will show both powers: invisibility and super strength since he or she will have a gene from each parent. Or maybe the combination of those genes could over develop or restrain one of the super powers. The idea with this question is to relate heredity concepts and deepen students understanding. 10. Create a flow chart of how your super hero is determined by DNA. DNA stores the protein code DNA opens a mRNA is copied Code is translated into super power protein Super power protein = super power 11. The proteins of your super heroes (where/ where not) a result of transcription and translation. 12. Give a name to your super hero and complete his/her image Answer may vary. Reinforce that this activity will be graded based on the answers to the question 1-11 not on the quality of the drawing. © copyright- All rights reserved www.cpalms.org