Paper Chromatography Notes
What is chromatography?
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Uses for Chromatography
Chromatography is used by scientists to:
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Analyze –
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Identify –
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Purify –
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Quantify –
Real-life examples of uses for chromatography:
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Pharmaceutical Company –
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Hospital –
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Law Enforcement –
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Environmental Agency –
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Manufacturing Plant –
__________
__________
__________
__________
Definition of Chromatography
Detailed Definition:
Chromatography is a laboratory technique that ____________
________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Terminology:
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Differential –______________________________________
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Affinity – _________________________________________
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Mobile Medium – ___________________________________
__________________________________________________
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Stationary Medium – ________________________________
__________________________________________________
Simplified Definition:
Chromatography separates the__________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________
Explanation:
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Compound is
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Mobile phase
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Mobile phase solubilizes
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Mobile phase carries the individual components
Mixture
Components
Components
Affinity to Stationary Phase
Blue
Black
Red
Yellow
Types of Chromatography
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Liquid Chromatography –
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Gas Chromatography –
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Paper Chromatography –
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Thin-Layer Chromatography –
Affinity to Mobile Phase
A) _______________________
B) _______________________
C) _______________________
Principles of Chromatography
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Capillary Action – the movement of liquid _______________________________________
_______________________________. The liquid is able to move up the filter paper ______
__________________________________________________________________________.
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Solubility – the degree to which a material ___________________________. Solutes dissolve
into solvents that _____________________________. (_______________________) This
allows different solutes to ______________________________________________.
Separation of components depends on __________________________________________
____________________________________________________________.
Ink Analysis Lab
We will use the technique of chromatography with ink. The lab will be slightly modified. The point of
the lab is still to identify the components of various inks. You can use pens or markers to investigate
ink in this lab.
For each trial calculate the Rf value for each component of the ink.
Use the lab handout for basic background and for the 5 lab questions.
Changes:
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Your group (of 2) is to use at least 4 different inks (markers or pens) with six different solutions
(100% water 100% propanol)
Place the chromatography paper in a large test tube or graduated cylinder with a small volume of
solvent at the bottom. (make sure the level of the solvent is lower than your pencil line.)
You need one set of answered questions with data per group of 2.
Refer to page 126 of your lab manual to help with setting up paper chromatography experiments
and calculating Rf values.