SNC 2P Biology Unit Test Review Questions
1.
Name: ______________
List the 5 organelles that are common to plant and animal cells. What are their functions?
Ribosomes – makes proteins
Mitochondria – supplies energy to the cell
Nucleus – control centre of the cell
Golgi apparatus – stores, modifies and sorts proteins
Endoplasmic reticulum – transports materials through the cell
2.
What are 3 differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have chloroplasts; animal cells do not
Plant cells have a cell wall; animal cells do not
Plant cells are often rectangular in shape; animal cells are often round in shape
Animals cells have centrioles that help move chromosomes during mitosis;
plant cells do not have centrioles
3. Describe the meaning of apoptosis and explain why it is important.
Apoptosis is controlled cell death.
It is important so that old or damaged cells are destroyed and can be replaced by new cells.
Damaged cells may have damaged DNA – we want the cell to die rather than passing on damaged DNA to other cells.
4. What is a cancer cell? How is a cancer cell different from a normal cell? Give 3 differences.
Cancer cell –uncontrolled cell division caused by a mutation the portion of DNA that controls cell division
NORMAL CELLS
Cancer cells
make exact copies of themselves through mitosis
make exact copies of themselves through mitosis
Stop reproducing during interphase to complete function/job in
the body
do not stop reproducing (rarely in interphase)
stick together to form masses of cells as appropriate
Do not stick together
cannot move to another location of the body
may move to another location of the body
5. A certain antibiotic affects cells by preventing the formation of spindle fibres. Explain how this drug would affect
mitosis in cells.
Spindle fibres attach to the chromosomes at the centromere during mitosis.
They pull the chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell during anaphase.
If the spindle fibres don’t form mitosis cannot occur and the bacteria is killed
6. What are 4 types of animal tissues?
epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nervous tissue
7. What are 4 types of plant tissues?
meristematic tissue
epidermal tissue
ground tissue
vascular tissue
8. Identify the stage of cell division shown in each photo.
a)
cytokinesis
metaphase
anaphase
prophase
late telophase
b)
anaphase
telophase
prophase
metaphase
c) Describe the 3 functions of mitosis.
healing and repair
growth
asexual reproduction in some organisms
9. What is an organ? Give an example of an animal organ and a plant organ.
Two or more tissues that work together to perform a function –
animal: heart, lungs…
plant: roots, leaves…
interphase
10. Place the following terms in the correct order from least complicated to most complicated.
organ, cell, organ system, tissue
CELL, TISSUE, ORGAN, ORGAN SYSTEM
11. Define and give an example of an organ system.
Organ system is a number of organs working together to complete a task.
Circulatory system involves the heart, blood, blood vessels working together to move nutrients, gases and waste
through the body.
12. Name the organ system involved in breathing.
respiratory system
13. Look at the organs and job descriptions given in
the table below. Match each organ to its proper
job description.
A. heart
E
Filters and cleans blood
B. teeth
H
Controls the whole body
C. intestines
B
Grinds food
D. skin
C
Breaks down and absorbs
nutrients
Exchanges gases
E. kidney
I
F. esophagus
D
Covers and protects surface
G. bladder
A
Pumps blood
G
Stores urine
H. brain
I. lungs
F
Passes food from the mouth to the
stomach
14. Complete the following cell cycle diagram.
A.
G1 (INTERPHASE)
X.
METAPHASE
B.
S (INTERPHASE)
Y.
ANAPHASE
C.
G2 (INTERPHASE)
Z.
TELOPHASE
L.
MITOSIS
M.
W.
CYTOKINESIS
PROPHASE
15. If the ocular lens magnifies an image 10X, calculate the total magnification for the following objective
lenses.
a) Low power – 4X
b) High power – 40X
total magnification =
10 x 4 = TOTAL MAGNIFICATION IS 40X
total magnification =
10 x 40 = TOTAL MAGNIFICATION IS 400X
16. Use the equation below to calculate the size of the cell if given the diameter of the field of view.
size of cell =
size of cell =
diameter of field of view
number of times cell would fit along diameter
2mm = 1mm
2
diameter of field of view = 2mm
Therefore the cell is approximately 1 mm wide.
17. If a scientist wanted to view a live specimen, which type of microscope would she use?
a) scanning electron microscope
c) simple light microscope
b) compound light microscope
d) both b) and c)
c) transmitting electron microscope
18 . The addition of a stain to a specimen increases the…
a) magnification of the image seen
c) contrast of the image seen
b) resolution of the image seen
d) size of the image seen
19. What type of microscope would a scientist use if she wanted to see a 3-dimensional image?
a) scanning electron microscope
c) transmitting electron microscope
b) compound light microscope
d) simple light microscope
20. Controlled cell death is called…
a) cancer
b) mitosis
c) the cell cycle
d) apoptosis
21. What term is used to describe groups of cells that function together to perform specialized tasks?
a) organs b) tissues
c) stem cells
d) tumors
22. What are the cells that are unspecialized called?
a) apoptosis cells
b) stem cells
c) adult cells
d) heart cells
23. a) What is different about unspecialized cells compared to cells that are specialized?
in unspecialized cells all of their DNA is “turned on” and available to be used by the cell
b) What does this difference allow unspecialized cells to do?
unspecialized cells can turn into an adult multicellular organism through mitosis
hat W
24. Identify which cell is a plant cell and which is the animal cell. Explain your decision.
This is a(n)
25.
a.
b.
c.
d.
PLANT cell, because
This is a(n)
ANIMAL cell, because
-
THERE IS A LARGE CENTRAL VACUOLE
-
NO LARGE CENTRAL VACUOLE
-
THERE ARE CHLORPLASTS PRESENT
-
NO CHLOROPLASTS PRESENT
-
THERE IS A CELL WALL
-
NO CELL WALL
What is medical imaging?
the viewing of images of organs and tissues in the body to use for diagnosis and treatment
the creation of a database that contains photographs and personal information of every person in a province, or country
the illustration of body systems using three-dimensional computer rendering
the use of prescription eyewear to allow doctors from developing nations to treat patients in their country
hat Wha 26. What word best describes how an ultrasound allows doctors to view internal organs and structures?
a. X-ray
b. absorb
c. echo
d. microscope
27. Which imaging technology would be used in combination with an endoscope, fibre optics, and a tiny video camera?
a. nuclear medicine
b. biophotonics
c. MRI
d. PET