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Regulatory behavior.
Introduction
It is also known as self-regulation. This is the ability of individuals to use self-control so as to act
in an appropriate way: this means that these individuals can control their impulses to stop
something or doing something, even if one does not feel like doing it. Regulation of behavior
may also mean to deal with issues that stress our body systems, staying calm, and focused and
also managing our energy, attention and also emotions. This kind of ability enables us to focus in
instances of distractions following rules to the latte rand taking on challenges. Regulation of
behavior usually develops in a gradual way during childhood. Regulation of behavior involves
the provision of an environment to children where they can make choices, relax, burn off steam
understand the expectations and also have the energy to face the challenges that may emerge.
The role of the nervous system
the nervous system is one of the many parts of an animal’s body that usually coordinates the
involuntary and the voluntary actions and is also involved in the transmission of the signals
between different body parts. The nervous system plays various roles, these include the
following;
One of its roles is that, it is involved in the balancing of energy in the body. The system
is involved in the coordination of energy provision and specific nutrients through the prevailing
endocrine state and the nature to support the metabolic requirements of the animal. The
hypothalamus which is part of the central nervous system the integrates information from the
external environment and emotions with information on the status of their internal environment.
Some of the behaviors that directly affect the balance of energy include, grooming time, feeding,
maternal behaviors and the regulation of temperature.
The second role is regulation of the cultural behavior of man. The experiences achieved
through learning usually modify behavior. Societal members of different groupings exhibit
cultural behavioral regularities. This is because the man’s nervous system is subject to learning.
To these extent therefore the group regularities in behavior traced to cultural influences are in
one way o the other correlated with regularities in the nervous system functioning. The nervous
system also through one of its parts the endocrine system expresses secondary sexual
characteristics that include, territoriality, aggression and also the sexual behavior. More to that is
that it also regulate the seasonal changes in behavior, mating and parental care.
Through the physiological control systems , appetite as the perception of need falls in the
category known as the behavioral homeostasis which is the tendency in which the organisms
maintain their internal equilibrium such as hunger, the need for sleep, regulation of body
temperature hunger and all the drive important behavior.
The three are ways on how individuals express their emotions towards a certain phenomenon.
Emotions have effects on the regulatory behaviors. Emotion regulation simply describes the
mental and behavioral processes through which individuals influence their feelings personally
and what other people feel. These types of emotions include, fear anxiety and aggression.
the effect of fear, aggression, or anxiety on the specified behavior
Fear, anxiety and aggression are all forms of emotions. The regulation of these behaviors is done
through the central nervous system in the brain. In the brain there are a set of various structures
at the center called the limbic system. In this part there is the amygdala and the hippocampus.
The part has in the past been referred to as the ‘emotional brain’. It also has connections to the
frontal cortex. In instances whereby there is excessive stress, or intense fear and anxiety or even
aggression and cognitive performance suffer through compromise to emotional regulation.
The regulatory behavior towards these emotions are active coping strategies are used when fight
or flight is possible, and the autonomic changes associated with the strategies are mediated
predominately by sympathetic activation i.e. hypertension and tachycardia. Other passive coping
strategies like freezing are characterized by autonomic inhibition and high increase in the
neuroendocrine response the two coping mechanism are controlled directly from the center of the
brain through help of other hormones such as the adrenaline.
A hormone is any molecule that is secreted by glands in multicellular organisms transported by
the circulatory system to target distant organs for regulation of behavior and physiology. The
interaction of the hormones and behavior is bidirectional. Hormones are chemical massagers
secreted by the endocrine glands. They are transported though the circulatory system thus
influencing the nervous system in regulation of behaviors e.g. aggression, mating and parenting
of individuals.
Hormones and their functions.
hormone
Function
oestrogen
Promotes development of female primary and secondary
characteristics.
Prepares the uterus for embryo implantation
progesterone
Affects female sexual characteristics and maintains
pregnancy
testosterone
Promotes development of male sexual characteristics.
insulin
Lowers blood glucose levels
glucagon
Raises the blood sugar levels
gastrin
Promote acid secretion in the stomach
Adrenaline
Involved in blood pressure regulation, gastrointestinal
and
movement and airways patency
noradrenaline
aldosterone
Maintenance of blood pressure
thyroxin
Regulates the body’s metabolic rate
Growth
Promote growth of bones and organs.
hormone
prolactin
Stimulates milk production in the breasts.
Source, endocrinesurgeon.co.uk
How the hormones relate to the regulatory behaviors.
Endocrine glands are responsible for the secretion of hormones into the circulatory system
response to the internal and the external stimuli. They are usually slower hence most appropriate
for physiological and behavioral aspects. The sustained hormonal influences and the rapid
responses of the nervous system complement each other. Different hormones regulate behaviors
different. For instance, the interactions that happen among activities in the reproductive axis, the
regulation of stress by the neural system. Hormones secreted in response to stress and the neural
systems that govern behavioral affect regulation are multifaceted and complex. On the other end
reproductive hormones can modulate the work of the neural systems that govern the body’s
response to stress; both the reproductive roles and the response to stress can be changed in
individuals who are depressed. The function of some of the main neural systems that regulate
behavior affect are modulated by the gonadal steroid hormones and the adrenal steroid
Regulatory Impairments
Effective regulatory behavior may be caused by various forms of impairment. Some of these
forms of impairment may be as a result of; alcoholism, chronic drinking of liquor has serious
consequences for the functioning of the entire nervous system. The resulting effects f alcoholism
includes the following, change in emotions and personality, impaired perception, learning, and
the memory. Consequently to add on are the brain abnormalities among them being atrophy of
nerve cells and the shrinkage of the brain. Other impairment’s such as the neurological disorders
also can result from vitamin deficiency and the liver diseases.
Other impairments are as a result of low food intake among the elderly persons that consequently
increase the risks for many nutritional related chronic diseases. Some theory dictates that aging is
associated with changes in hunger and satiety. Other theories argue that the elderly persons
cannot regulate energy intake in response to manipulations of the energy or the nutrient content
of foods.
Conclusion
The neural system and the brain one of the most components of the body that plays a very
substantive role in ensuring that behaviors are regulated in the bodies of all multicellular
organisms with human being the most targeted in his or her behaviors. If the behaviors of human
beings are not regulated, then they are very many negative effects that will emerge which will be
experienced by the human population. These effects to the greater extent will also cause nonpeaceful co-existence in the social circle of the human population in the global arena.
References.
1. McClelland,M.M., Cameron, C. E., Connor, C. M., Farris, C. L., Jewkes, A. M., &
Morrison, F. J. (2007). Links between behavioral regulation and preschoolers' literacy,
vocabulary, and math skills. Developmental Psychology, 43, 947–959.
2. Schmitt, M. B., Justice, L. M., & O'Connell, A. (2014). Vocabulary Gain among
Children with Language Disorders: Contributions of Children's Behavior Regulation and
Emotionally-Supportive Environments. American Journal of Speech-Language
Pathology, doi:10.1044/2014_AJSLP-12-0148.
3. Nelson, R. J. (Ed.) (2006). Biology of aggression. New York: Oxford University Press.
4.
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