Columbia Stem Cell Day 2013 June 6, 2013 Myrna Daniels Auditorium and the Riverview Terrace; Vivian and Seymour Family Heart Center; 173 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY 10032 Photo: Míriam Navarro Sobrino PROGRAM Program inquiries: Hynek Wichterle hw350@columbia.edu General inquiries: Dola Sengupta ds2865@columbia.edu Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health 2 Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health Columbia Stem Cell Day June 6, 2013 9:30 AM Breakfast and Registration 10:00 AM Opening remarks Hynek Wichterle and Joel Stein 10:05 AM Stem cell approaches for epidermolysis bullosa using revertant mosaic iPSCs Angela Christiano 10:25 AM Cell Fate Restriction during C. elegans development Tulsi Patel (Hobert lab) 10:40 AM 3 Adult neural stem cells and their niche: a dynamic duo during homeostasis and regeneration Fiona Doetsch 11:00 AM Coffee break 11:20 AM Drug screens using patient specific iPS cells Masayuki Yazawa 11:40 AM Nervous system contributes to gastric cancer stem cell niche Yoku Hayakawa (Wang lab) 11:55 AM Genetic Dissection of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche Lei Ding 12:15 PM LUNCH/Poster session 2:00 PM Vision of CSCI Lee Goldman, Executive Vice President for Health & Biomedical Sciences Dean of the Faculties of Health Sciences & of Medicine 2:05 PM Overview of CSCI Chris Henderson 2:20 PM Stem cells and the origin of prostate cancer Michael Shen 2:40 PM Parp1 and Tet2 coordinate chromatin modifications at an early stage of iPSC reprogramming Claudia A. Doege (Abeliovich lab) 2:55 PM Modeling stem cell asymmetry in budding yeast Rodney Rothstein 3:15 PM Coffee break 3:45 PM A breath of fresh air: iPSC to the rescue Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health Amy Firth (Verma lab, Salk Institute) 4:00 PM 4 Modeling Psychiatric diseases using iPSCs Keynote Speech by Fred Gage, Salk Institute Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health Short talks 4 Cell Fate Restriction during C. elegans development Bogdanowicz, DR; Levine, WN; Morrison, B; and Lu, HH Columbia University, New York, NY Tulsi Patel and Oliver Hobert Nervous system contributes to gastric cancer stem cell niche Yoku Hayakawa, Christoph B. Westphalen, Bernhard Renz, Samuel Asfaha, Daniel L. Worthley, Yagnesh Tailor, Duan Chen, and Timothy C. Wang Parp1 and Tet2 modifications at an reprogramming coordinate chromatin early stage of iPSC Claudia A. Doege, Keiichi Inoue, Skylar Travis, David B. Rhee, Ryousuke Fujita, Paolo Guarnier1, Alan Shih, Ross L. Levine, Emily I. Chen, Asa Abeliovich A Breath of Fresh Air: iPSC to the rescue Amy L Firth and Inder M Verma The Salk Institute Posters Heart Center Riverview Terrace Methods for Directing Stem Cell Differentiation 5 Generation of insulin-producing cells in gut organoids derived from human inducible pluripotent stem cells Ryotaro Bouchi, Kylie Foo, Haiqing Hua, Dieter Egli, Rudolph Leibel, Domenico Accili 6 An Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of PraderWilli Syndrome Lisa C. Burnett1,2, Carlos R. Sulsona3, Daniel J. Driscoll3, Dieter Egli1,4, Rudolph L. Leibel1,2,5 1 Columbia University, 2 Institute of Human Nutrition, 3 University of Florida, 4 New York Stem Cell Foundation, 5 Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center 7 Understanding ALS Disease Mechanisms using human TDP-43 iPS-derived motor neurons. Carrasco, M.A., Roberts, T., Skop., H, Friedman, B.A., Phatnani, H., Guernieri, P., Muratet M, O'Keeffe S., Bilacan, B., Nishimura A.L., Shaw CE, Chandran S., Maniatis, T. 8 1 Multiple ovarian follicle stem cells reside in the germarium and contribute stochastically to follicle cell daughters Amy Reilein, Ari Berg, Natania Field, Elisa Cimetta, Nina Tandon,Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, and Daniel Kalderon. 1) Biological Sciences; 2) Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY. HILO-RMCE based generation of iPS cells for studying C9orf72 mutation in ALS Vijay Chandrasekar1, Angelica Struve1, Neil Shneider2 and Tom Maniatis1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics1, Department of Neurology2, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 9 2 Examining the role of novel long noncoding RNAs in beta cell biology Luis Arnes1, Ildem Akerman2, Jorge Ferrer2 and Lori Sussel1 1Dept. of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, USA; 2Genomic Programming of Beta-cells Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. 3 Hierarchical Patterning of Biomolecules with Sub50 nm Resolution Nevette A. Bailey, Helen Tran, Kacey Ronaldson, Nathaniel A. Lynd, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, and Luis M. Campos. 5 Maintaining anterior foregut spheres, derived from human pluripotent stem cells, in a novel 3D culture model Ya-Wen Chen, Sarah Huang, Hans-Willem Snoeck 10 Prospective identification and purification of quiescent and activated adult neural stem cells from their in vivo niche Paolo Codega, Violeta Silva-Vargas, Erika Pastrana, Angel R Maldonado-Soto, Alex Paul, Annina DeLeo and Fiona Doetsch Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health 11 17 Expanding the Synthetic Capabilities of the Cell Increased adult hippocampal neurogenesis is sufficient for antidepressant-like effects in a model of chronic stress. Virginia Cornish Group 12 The personalized immune mouse: a humanized mouse model to study hematopoietic cell intrinsic immune pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes Nichole Danzl1, Hannes Kalscheuer1,5, Clare French1, Robert Winchester2, Robin Goland2,3, Ellen Greenberg2,3, David G. Savage4, Thomas Spitzer6, Hiroyuki Tahara1, Yong-Guang Yang1,5, Megan Sykes1,5 1Columbia Center for Translational Immunology; 2Department of Medicine; 3Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center; 4Division of Hematology/Oncology at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. 5Transplantation Biology Research Center, Department of Surgery; 6Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 13 Specification of Cranial placodes from human pluripotent cells Alexis S. Hill1, René Hen1,2, Amar Sahay3-5 1Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York; 2Division of Integrative Neuroscience, The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York; 3Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; 5Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 18 A stem cell model of diabetes due to glucokinase deficiency Haiqing Hua1,2, Linshan Shang2, Hector Martinez2, Matthew Freeby 1, Thomas Ludwig 1 , Liyong Deng 1, Ellen Greenberg1, Charles LeDuc1, Wendy Chung1, Robin Goland1, Rudolph Leibel1, Dieter Egli2 1Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA 2The New York Stem Cell Foundation Laboratory, New York, New York, USA, Zehra Dincer and Lorenz Studer 19 14 An in-vitro system to study NMJ dysfunction in ALS Elena K. Kandror, Monica Carrasco, Tom Maniatis 15 Electromechanical Conditioning of Human Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes George Eng1,2, Benjamin W. Lee1,2, Mark Gagliardi5, Kristy Brown4, Gordon Keller5 and Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic1, 3 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2College of Physicians and Surgeons, 3Department of Medicine, 4Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York NY 10032; 5McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada 16 Exosomes Mediate Stem Cell Crosstalk Between Epithelium and Mesenchyme Nan Jiang, Mo Chen, Guodong Yang and Jeremy J. Mao* Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; 6 Human hair follicle neogenesis microenvironmentally reprogrammed papilla cells using dermal Claire A Higgins1, Colin AB Jahoda2, Angela M Christiano1,3 1: Department of Dermatology, Columbia University 2: School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University 3: Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University 20 Forming mechanosensing units in muscle cells Thomas Iskratsch1, Giovanni Meacci1, Karen Maass2, Virginie Stevenin1, Matthew Stachowiak3, Shuaimin Liu4, Ben O’Shaughnessy3, James Hone4, Elisabeth Ehler5 and Michael Sheetz1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY; 2Department of Medicine, NYU, New York. 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY; 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY; 5Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics and Cardiovascular Division, King’s College, London, UK Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health 1Project 21 Uncoupling of SMN requirement for motor neuron survival and function in a stem cell model of the motor circuit Anna M. Janas1,2, Christian M. Simon1,2, Francesco Lotti1,2, George Z. Mentis1,2,3, Livio Pellizzoni1,2 1. Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, 2. Depts. of Pathology and Cell Biology and 3. Neurology, Columbia University, NY, 10032 A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Departments of Regenerative Medicine, Pathology, Neurology and Neuroscience, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA; 2 iPierian, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA; 3The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA 27 22 PDGFRb in the adult SVZ stem cell lineage Coupling of Hedgehog and Hippo pathways promotes stem cell maintenance by stimulating proliferation Angel R. Maldonado-Soto, Paolo Codega, Alex Paul, Annina M. DeLeo, and Fiona Doetsch Jianhua Huang and Daniel Kalderon Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA 23 Columbia Genome Center Screening Core Facility High Throughput Andrea Califano, Christopher E. Henderson, Charles Karan, Hai Li, Sergey Pampou, Ronald Realubit 28 Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from revertant mosaic keratinocytes and fibroblasts Noriko Umegaki 1, Anna M.G. Pasmooij 3, Zongyou Guo 1, Munenari Itoh 1, Antoni Gostynski 3, Marcel F. Jonkman 3 and Angela M. Christiano 1, 2 Departments of Dermatology 1 and Genetics and Development 2, Columbia University, New York; Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, Groningen 3 29 24 The Role of Prdm16 and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function Larry Luchsinger, Kenjiro Kamezaki, David Corrigan, Eric A. Schon & Hans-Willem Snoeck 25 Identification of the Migratory Precursor to Human Dendritic Cells Jaeyop Lee, Ines Matos, Sarah Puhr, Carolyn Lee, Kang Liu Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical College, New York 26 An SMN-dependent, cell-autonomous survival deficit in human Type 1 SMA ES-derived motor neurons Mathieu Desclaux1, Yoon A. Kim1, Alejandro Garcia Diaz1, Shila Mekhoubad3, John Dimos2,3, Kevin Eggan3, Hynek Wichterle1 and Christopher Henderson1. Extracellular Matrix Derived from Kidney Regulates the Growth and Metabolism of Kidney Stem Cells with Regional Specificity J. D. O'Neill, D. O. Freytes, A. Anandappa, J. A. Oliver, and G. Vunjak-Novakovic 30 Personalized Medicine: Choloroquine Toxicity in human RPE is Dependent on ARMS2 and HTRA1 Genotypes Eric Chi-Hsien Peng1,3 Yao Li1, Chyuan-Sheng Lin2, Stephen H. Tsang1. 1Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America 2. Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America 3. Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital and Catholic Fu Jen university, Taipei, Taiwan. 31 Experimental approaches to elucidate cell of origin of bladder cancer using GEM models Tomasz B. Owczarek, Cory Abate-Shen Departments of Urology, Pathology & Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 7 Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health 32 37 Using Embryonic Stem Cells To Study Motor Neuron-Glia Interactions In ALS A novel fluorescent reporter system for in vivo visualization of hematopoietic stem cell dynamics in the bone marrow niche Hemali P. Phatnania, Paolo Guarnierib,*, Brad Friedmanc,*, Monica A. Carrascoa, Michael Muratetd, Sean O’Keeffea, Chiamaka Nwakezea, Florencia Pauli-Behnd, Kimberly M. Newberryd, Sarah K. Meadowsd, Juan Carlos Tapiae, Richard M. Myersd, and Tom Maniatisa aColumbia University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, New York, NY 10032; bColumbia University Medical Center, Columbia Initiative in Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY 10032; cHarvard University, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Cambridge, MA 02138; present address: Genentech, Inc., Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, South San Francisco, CA 94080; dHudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806; eColumbia University Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY 10032; *These authors contributed equally to this work 33 Loss of the ubiquitin-specific protease usp-48 allows for direct conversion of a somatic tissue into neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans Dylan P. Rahe1, Tulsi Patel2, and Oliver Hobert1,2,3 1. Department of Biological Sciences 2. Department of Genetics and Development 3. Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York NY 34 The Columbia NYSTEM CPS Facility Design and Synthesis of Chemical Probes Rachid Skouta1, Brent R. Stockwell1, 2, 3, 4 1 Chemical Probe Synthesis facility, 2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 3 Department of Biological Sciences, 4 Department of Chemistry, Columbia University 35 The Organic Chemistry Collaborative Center (OCCC) Black Building 1029, CUMC Campus Shi-Xian Deng 1,2,3, Donald Landry1,2,3, Alison Rinderspacher1,2,3 1Department of Medicine; 2Columbia University Medical Center; 3Columbia Stem Cell Initiative 36 Generation of airway and lung epithelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells Sarah X.L. Huang1, Ya-Wen Chen1, Melanie Mumau1, HansWillem Snoeck1 1Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA 8 Katie Sawai and Boris Reizis 38 Targeted gene correction of type VII collagen in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patientspecific induced pluripotent stem cells Satoru Shinkuma1, Noriko Umegaki1, Munenari Itoh1, 2, Rodolfo Murillas3, Marcela Del Río3, 4, Fernando Larcher3, Angela M Christiano1, 5 1. Departments of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York 2. Department of Dermatology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan 3. Epithelial Biomedicine Division, CIEMAT-CIBERER, Madrid, Spain 4. Department of Bioengineering, Madrid, Spain 5. Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, U.S.A. 39 Cerebrospinal fluid regulation of adult neural stem cells Violeta Silva Vargas and Fiona Doetsch. 40 The effects of an ALS-causing TDP-43 mutation on RNA binding and Motor Neuron Survival Helaina Skop*, Monica Carrasco*, Aarti Sharma*, Lei Lu*, Yuan Yuan#, Robert Darnell#, Neil Shneder*, Tom Maniatis* *Columbia University, #Rockefeller University 41 Investigating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathophysiology by functional characterization of motor neurons generated from mouse embryonic stem cells John Smerdon1, Sebastian Thams2, Christopher E. Henderson2,3,4, Hynek Wichterle2,3,4, and Amy B. MacDermott1,3, Damian J. Williams1 1Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY. 2Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY. 3Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY. 4Departments of Pathology, Neurology and Neuroscience, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), and Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI), Columbia University, New York, NY. Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health 42 Nkx Genes Regulate Second Heart Field Development at the Poles of theHeart through Opposing Mechanisms Sophie Colombo1, Vanessa George1 and Kimara L. Targoff1 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032. 1 Division of Molecular Genetics and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032. 2 New York Stem Cell Foundation. 3 Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032. 4 Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032. 5 Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032. 48 43 Nkx2.2: a major regulator of the intestinal epithelium? Stefanie Gross1, Dina Balderes1, Samuel Asfaha2 and Lori Sussel1 1Department {Vassoler, 2013 #6329}of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA 2Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA. Molecular identity and specification of crossed versus uncrossed retinal ganglion cells Qing Wang, Takaaki Kuwajima, and Carol A. Mason Doctoral Program in Neurobiology and Behavior; Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, Neuroscience, and Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons 49 The transcription factor ZFX controls self-renewal of acute leukemia 44 Biomimetic electrical stimulation platform for neural differentiation of retinal progenitor cells N Tandon1, E Cimetta1, E deBernardinis1, A Taubman1, N Kupferstein2, U Madaan3, J Mighty3, S Redenti3 and G Vunjak--‐ Novakovic1 1Dept. Of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art2, Dept. of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, Lehman College City of New York 45 Combining genet ic and pharmacologic means to achieve specific, inducible, and reversible enhancement of adult hippocampal neurogenesis Tzong-Shiue (Tony) Yu, Jing Du, Autumn Kim, and Steven G. Kernie 46 Asymmetric B lymphocyte division in the early immune response William C. Adams and Steven L. Reiner Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University 47 Stem cell-based approaches to the neurobiology of obesity in bardet-biedl syndrome Liheng Wang1,2,3, Damian Williams4, Stephen H. Tsang5, Robin S. Goland1, Amy B. MacDermott4, Dieter Egli1,2, Rudolph L. Leibel1,3 9 Stuart P. Weisberg1, Matthew R. Smith-Raska1, Jose M. Esquilin2, Michael Churchill3, Teresita L. Arenzana1, Ji Zhang4, Haiyan Pan1, Apostolos Klinakis5, Jack E. Dixon4, Siddhartha Mukherjee3 and Boris Reizis1* 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; 2Division of Pediatric Hematology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; 3Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; 4Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; 5 Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece 50 Cytokine-dependent Regulation of SOD1 Astrocyte Toxicity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Andrew H. Williams1, Jacqueline de Vegvar1, Jonathan Sisti1, Thomas M. Jessell1,2,3, and Tom Maniatis1 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, 2Department of Neuroscience, 3Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 51 Gremlin 1 defines a mesenchymal stem cell in the gastrointestinal tract, bone and tumor microenvironment Worthley DL, Churchill M, Si Y, Asfaha S, Manieri N, Westphalen CB, Tailor Y, Hayakawa Y, Carpenter J, Nair A, Jin G, Quante M, Glaire M, Renz B, Pradere J-P, Troeger J, Schwabe R, Levin D, Nizami S, Grikscheit T, Stappenbeck T, Lee F, Mukherjee S, Wang TC. Columbia Stem Cell Initiative Tapping the Potential of Stem Cells for Human Health 52 Potential role of HDC as a regulator of HSC myeloid lineage differentiation Xiaowei Chen,1 Lei Ding,2 Samuel Asfaha,1 Ashlesha Muley,1 Yagnesh Tailor1 Karan Nagar,1 Daniel L Worthley,1 Bernhard W Renz1 Guangchun Jin, 1 Yoku Hayakawa,1 Christoph B. Westphalen,1 Timothy C Wang1 Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. 53 Transcriptional regulation of retinoic acid-induced neural lineage commitment in mouse embryonic stem cells Yuan-Ping Huang1, Esteban O. Mazzoni2 and Hynek Wichterle1 1Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neuroscience, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, and Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA, U.S.A. 2Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, U.S.A. 54 Identification of master regulators of pluripotency in mouse epiblast stem cells Hui Zhao1,2,3, Mariano Alvarez1,4,5, Celine Lefebvre1,4,5, Andrea Califano1,4,5 and Michael M. Shen1,2,3. 1Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2Department of Medicine, 3Department of Genetics and Development, 4Joint Centers for Systems Biology, 5Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032. 55 Generation of 3D Full-Thickness Skin Equivalents Exclusively From Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts Zongyou Guo 1, Munenari Itoh 1, Noriko Umegaki 1 and Angela M. Christiano 1, 2 Departments of Dermatology 1 and Genetics and Development 2, Columbia University, New York 10