World History II
Test 1: Globalization and Industrialization
Ms. Valentin
How to Prepare for an exam:
1. Review the Essential Questions of the Unit – make sure you can prepare a strong thesis to answer each
2. Prepare a list of Important Concepts
3. Prepare a list of vocabulary terms that provide detail and/or support the Important Concepts.
4. Review notes from Primary sources and make sure you understand the main points raised in each.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
 What is globalization? Causes? Results?
 Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England?
 How did the Industrial Revolution change England? Europe and the US? The globe?
 How did theories attempt to solve the problems caused by industrialization?
 How did governments attempt to solve these problems?
 What, if any, is the relationship between globalization and industrialization?
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS AND RELATED VOCABULARY:
Several factors have caused globalization to increase in the 20th and 21st centuries.
Trade barriers (quotas, tariffs, bans)
decreased transportation / shipping costs
Increased multinationals
increased investments
Population boom
demand / supply for goods and services
Technology
industrialization
ADD ANY OTHER TERMS THAT SUPPORT THIS CONCEPT
Globalization has truly changed the world’s economy, political institutions and culture.
Economic unions (EU, NAFTA, WTO)
Political unions (EU, NAFTA, G-8, NGOs, UN)
Westernization, “McWorld,” multinationals Worker unions, outsourcing,
Developing economies [BRIC ]
terrorism, climate change, immigration
ADD ANY OTHER TERMS THAT SUPPORT THIS CONCEPT
Several factors favored Britain in its Industrial Revolution.
The Agricultural Revolution led to a greater food supply and in turn, a population boom in
England.
Enclosures
crop rotation
new farming techniques
Seed drill
pop. Boom
displacement of small farmers
Britain had several natural, political and economic advantages that favored industrial
development.
Coal, iron, gas, natural harbors
political stability – parliamentary democracy
Entrepreneurs
wealth from colonial / mercantile era
Mercantilism
strong banking system
Innovations led to a revolution in textiles, transportation and communications
Inventions: spinning jenny, flying shuttle, power loom, water frame, steam engine,
Railroad, steam ship, telegraph, cotton gin (add inventors)
ADD ANY OTHER TERMS THAT SUPPORT THESE CONCEPTS
Industrialization radically changed the way people in England lived.
Factory system
worker class v capitalist class
Proletariat v bourgeoisie
child labor
Mass production of goods
shift from rural to urbanization
lack of sanitation / slums
mass transportation / communication
rise of middle class
shift from mercantilism to capitalism
industrialized nations v non-industrialized world – results?
Impact on the family unit
ADD ANY OTHER TERMS THAT SUPPORT THIS CONCEPT
By the end of the 19th c., industrialization spread to Western Europe and the US
Inventions “secretly” left England – spread to W. Europe and the US
Increased factories / railroads / ports -- Results?
ADD ANY OTHER TERMS THAT SUPPORT THIS CONCEPT
Several theories emerged to solve the problems of industrialization (see chart and notes from class)
Laissez-faire / Adam Smith / Thomas Malthus / Ricardo (textbook)
Communism / Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels
Socialism Charles Fourier / Thomas Hill Green / L.T. Hobhouse
Utopian Socialism – Robert Owen
Utilitarianism – Jeremy Bentham
ADD ANY OTHER TERMS THAT SUPPORT THIS CONCEPT
By the end of the 19th c., the government passed important reforms to address the problems of
industrialization.
Unions / collective bargaining
Legal reforms:
Britain: overturning the Combination Acts, Sadler Commission, Factory Act, Mines
Act, 10 Hours Act – how did these change the workplace?
US: recognition of unions, AFL
Other 19th c. reforms: education (Horace Mann, Jane Addams); immigration (Jane Addams),
Slavery (William Wilberforce) end of slave trade >> end of slavery
20th c. – Social Security (USA only)
ADD ANY OTHER TERMS THAT SUPPORT THIS CONCEPT
PRIMARY SOURCES – LIST THEM
1. Powerpoint on Globalization – contained several cartoons and video from class on globalization
(seen in class)
2. Packet with “Factory Rules,” “Report from the Sadler Commission,” “Conditions of the Working
Class in England”
3. “The Communist Manifesto” (excerpt) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
4. “The Wealth of Nations” (excerpt) Adam Smith
5. “On Principles of Population” (excerpt) Thomas Malthus
6. Packet “The Evolution of Liberalism” with readings by Thomas Hill Green, L.T. Hobhouse and
Herbert Spencer.
For each of these primary sources, make sure you understand the main points and be able to recognize a
passage’s speaker based on the main points of their ideas.