Latin Participles
*Participles are ___________________________________________.
Give some examples in English:
* In Latin, because participles are adjectives, how do they agree with nouns?
* There are _________ participles in Latin!
1. _________________________________________
2. _________________________________________
3. _________________________________________
Present Participles
- Always translated as “-ing” in English
*To form:
1. Take the 2nd principal part/infinitive of any verb
2. Chop off the –re (exception for 3rd –io and 4th!)
3. Add –ns (nominative) and –ntis (genitive) as endings (*For 3rd –io and
4th, add –iens and –ientis)
4. These become 3rd declension adjectives!
Example:
amo, amare=
doceo, docere=
ago, agere=
capio, capere=
audio, audire=
Review of 3rd Declension Endings for Participles:
Singular
Nominative
Plural
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Sample:
Magistra, Latinam docens, ad discipulos dicentes clamavit.
Perfect Passive Participles
- always translated as “-ed” or “having been –ed”
To Form:
1. They are the SAME as the 4th principal part of any verb!
2. They are the same as 1st and 2nd Declension Adjectives
Example:
amo=
doceo=
ago=
capio=
audio=
Review of 1st and 2nd Declension Participle Endings:
Singular
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Plural
Sample:
Caesar, victus a Germanis heri, hodie eos necabit!
Future Active Participles
-translated as “about to______”, “going to __________”, destined to
_________”,“intending to____________”
*To form:
1. Take your 4th principal part
2. Chop off any endings
3. Add –urus, -ura, -urum
4. It becomes a 1st and 2nd declension adjective
Examples:
amo=
doceo=
ago=
capio=
audio=
Sample:
Nos morituri te salutamus.
Puella lacrimatura mappam1 tenuit.
How to remember????
1
Mappa, -ae= tissue