Greek I
Genitive and Dative Cases
(Chapter 7)
Exegetical Insight
 Do,xa evn u`yi,stoij qew/| kai. evpi. gh/j eivrh,nh evn
avnqrw,poij euvdoki,a (Luke 2:14).
Exegetical Insight
 Do,xa evn u`yi,stoij qew/| kai. evpi. gh/j eivrh,nh evn
avnqrw,poij euvdoki,aj (Luke 2:14).
Overview of Tonight’s Lesson
 Genitive and Dative Cases
 Concept of Key Words
 Complete Paradigm for the Definite
Article
 Noun Rules #4, #5, and #6
Uses for Genitive and Dative
(See page 342 for summary chart)
 The genitive case in Greek corresponds to
the possessive case in English. The word in
the genitive usually follows the noun it is
modifying (called the head noun).
 o` lo,goj tou/ qeou/Å
 Si,mwna to.n lego,menon Pe,tron kai. VAndre,an to.n avdelfo.n
auvtou/(
 The dative case in Greek can be used to
express:
 The indirect object (key words: to or for)
 kai. e;dwken a;n soi u[dwr zw/n
 Instrumentality (key words: with or by)
 evxe,balen ta. pneu,mata lo,gw/|
 Place (key word: in)
 Maka,rioi oi` ptwcoi. tw/| pneu,mati
Paradigm of Case Endings for Four
Major Cases
Paradigm of Words with Case
Endings
The First Three Noun Rules
 Stems ending in a or h are in the first
declension, stems ending in o are in the
second declension, and stems ending in a
consonant are third declension.
 Every neuter word has the same form for
both the nominative and accusative cases.
 Almost all neuter words end in a in the
nominative and accusative plural.
Noun Rules #4, #5, and #6
 In the dative singular, the iota
subscripts if possible.
 grafh + i = grafh/|
 Vowels often change their length
(“ablaut”).
 logo + i = lo,gw|
 In the genitive and dative, the
masculine and neuter forms will
always be the same.
Full Paradigm for Definite Article
Irregularly Declined Words
 There are 36 first
declension words in the
NT that shift their final
stem vowel in the
genitive and dative
singular from alpha to
eta; only 4 occur with
any frequency.
 If a first declension word
has a stem ending in
alpha where the
preceding letter is an
epsilon, iota, or rho, it
will form the genitive and
dative singular with
alpha. Otherwise, the
alpha will shift to eta.
For Next Week
 Vocabulary quiz on words through
chapter 7.
 Exercise 7 is due. Do as much of this
as you can without looking back to
the book.
 Read Chapter 8, “Prepositions and
eivmi,.”