Honors World History
Reading Objectives: Twentieth Century Nationalism
Chapter 19.1, 19.4, 20.2, 20.3, and 22.4
As you read the chapter, make sure you can answer, identify, or explain the following:
19.1
What religious group dominated the Congress Party? Why was this problematic?
Who is Muhammad Ali Jinnah?
Why was the partition of India so deadly?
What is the root of the conflict over Kashmir?
How are relations between India and Pakistan today?
Identify:
Jawaharlal Nehru
Indira Gandhi
Dalits
What was the conflict over East Pakistan all about? What was the result of the conflict?
What role did India and Pakistan play in the Cold War?
19.4
What Middle Eastern states were born out of old League of Nations mandates?
What led to support for the creation of a Jewish homeland?
What was the immediate problem with the creation of the state of Israel?
What is a kibbutz?
What is OPEC?
Who is Gamal Abdel Nasser?
What happened with the Suez Canal in 1956?
What did Anwar Sadat do that was so significant in 1979? What happened to him?
Identify:
Mohammad Mosaddeq
Reza Kahn
Ayatollah Khomeini
Note the details of the Iranian revolution of 1979.
20.3
What was the result of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war? Note the land that Israel took during these wars.
Who are Palestinians and what is the PLO?
Identify:
Yasir Arafat
Intifada
Yitzhak Rabin
Fatah
Hamas
What was the Lebanese civil war about? Identify Hezbollah.
Why was the ethnic setup of Iraq so problematic?
Note Saddam Hussein’s antagonistic actions throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.
What started the 1991 Gulf War?
How did Saddam act after the 1991 war?
Why did the US invade Iraq in 2003?
20.2
After South Africa declared independence from Britain in 1910, they instituted apartheid. Describe.
What is the ANC?
What happened in Sharpeville in 1960?
Identify:
Nelson Mandela
F.W. de Klerk
What happened in 1994 in South Africa?
Note Zimbabwe’s move toward independence. Note also Robert Mugabe.
Why was there civil war in Mozambique and Angola?
What spurred genocide in Rwanda in 1994 between Hutus and Tutsis?
Why is there a north-south divide in Sudan?
22.4
What is the NPT, and who are the 3 countries that have not signed it?
What is the IAEA?
What are WMDs?
Identify these terrorist groups:
IRA
ETA
The Shining Path
FARC
The PLO
Al Qaeda
Note the terrorist attacks on America before 9/11.