The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
Name: ______________________________________________ Date: ________________
For the following 5 questions refer to the figure on the right.
(1) 1 pt. Which is the earthquake fault scarp?
A) J B) K
C) L D) M
(2) 1 pt. Which is the earthquake epicenter?
A) J B) K
C) L D) M
(3) 1 pt. Which is the earthquake hypocenter?
A) J B) K
C) L D) M
(4) 1 pt. Which is the earthquake slip area?
A) J B) K
C) L D) M
(5) 1 pt. What are multiplied by each other to determine the earthquake magnitude?
A) L & M B) K & M C) J & M D) J & K
(6) 1 pt. What is the difference between earthquake magnitude and earthquake intensity
A) earthquake magnitude is a measure of the ground shaking and earthquake intensity is a measure of energy release
B) earthquake intensity is a measure of the ground shaking and earthquake magnitude is a measure of energy release
C) earthquake magnitude is a measure of the amount of fault slip and earthquake intensity is a measure of energy release
D) earthquake magnitude is a measure of the ground shaking and earthquake intensity is a measure of fault slip
(7) 5 pt. Using the figure at the right, knowing the stream is 1,000 years old, what is the slip rate on the fault?
A) 100 mm/yr B) 10 mm/yr
C) 1 mm/yr D) 1,000 mm/yr

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
For the next 5 questions, use the block diagram at the right.
(8) 1 pt. This diagram shows the morphology of what geomorphic province in Oregon.
A) Blue Mountains
B) Owyhee Uplands
C) Columbia Plateau
D) Basin and Range
(9) 1 pt. The faulting shown is the result of which tectonic forces:
A) L B) M
(10) 1 pt. The landforms J and K are called _____ and ______
A) Basin, Range B) Graben, Horst
C) neither a nor b D) both a and b
(11) 1 pt. The faults shown are called _____ faults.
A) Reverse B) Thrust
C) Transform D) Normal
(12) 1 pt. In what part of Oregon would be find this geomorphic province?
A) northeastern Oregon
C) northwestern Oregon
B) southeastern Oregon
D) southwestern Oregon
For the following 3 questions, use the diagram below.
(13) 1 pt. This diagram shows the chronologic development of which geomorphic province:
A) Blue Mountains
B) Klamath Mountains
C) Coast Range
D) Cascade Mountains
(14) 1 pt. The following is the sequence of age of these terranes, from oldest to youngest:
A) J, K, L, M
B) M, L, K, J
C) K, L, M, J
D) L, J, M, K

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
(15) 1 pt. The rocks in this figure span what time range:
A) 400 – 200 Ma
B) 400 – 0 (today) Ma
C) 100 – 10 Ma
D) 700 – 2 Ma
(16) 1 pt. Which of the following energy sources is thought to drive the lateral motions of Earth's lithospheric plates?
A) electrical and magnetic fields localized in the inner core
B) swirling movements of the molten iron particles in the outer core
C) export of heat from deep in the mantle to the top of the asthenosphere
D) gravitational attractive forces of the Sun and Moon
Use the figure at the right to answer the next 3 questions.
(17) 1 pt. What type of geomorphic province represents the object that is labeled “J” in the figure.
A) Subduction
Erosion
B) Accreted Terrane
C) Basin and Range
D) Flood Basalt
(18) 1 pt. What is the name for the feature labeled “J?”
A) Siletzia
C) Challisia
B) Concordia
D) Cascadia
(19) 1 pt. What is the dominant rock type in the feature labeled “J?”
A) Igneous
C) Sedimentary
B) Metamorphic
D) Metasedimentary
(20) 1 pt. By applying the law of superposition ________ ages can be determined.
A) relative
C) radiometric
B) conventional
D) both relative and radiometric

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
(21) 1 pt. Which of the following best characterizes an angular unconformity?
A) Horizontal lava flows lie below the unconformity, and horizontal, sedimentary strata lie above.
B) Tilted strata lie below the unconformity with loose, unconsolidated soil above.
C) Tilted strata lie below the unconformity, and bedding in younger strata above is parallel to the unconformity.
D) It is the discordant boundary between older strata and an intrusive body of granite.
(22) 1 pts. Oceanic crust is thicker than continental crust. T/ F
(24) 1 pts. The asthenosphere is a relatively cool and rigid shell that overlies the lithosphere. T/ F
(323) 1 pt. Sandstone strata and a mass of granite are observed to be in contact. Which of the following statements is correct geologically?
A) The sandstone is younger if it shows evidence of contact metamorphism.
B) The granite is older if it contains inclusions of sandstone.
C) The granite is older if the sandstone contains pebbles of the granite.
D) The sandstone is younger if the granite contains sandstone inclusions.
(24) 1 pt. After three half-lives, one-ninth of an original, radioactive parent isotope remains and eight-ninths has decayed into the daughter isotope. T/ F
(25) 4 pts. In the chart of radioactive decay shown at the right:
A) how many half-lives have elapsed by this time? __ 2 ___
B) how many half-lives have elapsed by this time? __ 3 ____
(26) 2 pt. If the half-life of radiocarbon is
5,730 years, and you determine that there is
12.5% of the parent isotope remaining, how old is the sample?
A) 11,460 years
C) 22,920 years
B) 17,190 years
D) 28,650 years
(27) 1 pt. In general, rocks of the continental crust are less dense than rocks of the oceanic crust. T /F
(28) 1 pt. Which wave is the last to reach the seismograph station?
A) P-waves B) S-waves
C) Surface waves D) Body waves
E) All of the waves reach the station at the same time

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
(29) 1 pt. Which of the following is true about seismographs taken far from the epicenter of the earthquake as compared to those that are closer?
A) There will not be any P-waves detected
B) There will not be any S-waves detected
C) The P and S waves will be closer together
D) The P and S waves will be further apart
The following five questions refer to the faults in figure below.
(30) 1 pt. Which of the above choices is a true reverse fault? i. A ii. B iii. C
iv. D v. E vi. F
(31) 1 pt. Which of the above choices is a true normal fault? i. A ii. B iii. C iv. D v. E vi. F
(32) 1 pt. Which is a blind thrust fault? i. A ii. B iii. C iv. D v. E vi. F
(33) 1 pt. Which is a right-lateral, strike-slip fault?
i. A iv. D ii. B v. E iii. C vi. F
(34) 1 pt. Which of the following pairs of faults are the results of compressive stresses? i. a&b ii. b&c iii. d&e iv. none of these
(35) 1 pt. What causes earthquakes in San Francisco?
A) Dip-slip faults from Subduction
B) Transform faults
C) Dip-slip faults from divergent plate boundaries
D) Dip-slip faults from convergent plate boundaries
E) These are intraplate earthquakes
(36) 1 pt. The __________ is measured in cross-sectional view as the angle of inclination from horizontal of a tilted rock layer, and _______ is viewed in map view as the compass bearing of the rock layer where it intersects a horizontal plane.
A) strike; strike B) dip; dip
C) strike; dip D) dip; strike
E) strike and dip; strike and dip

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
(37) 1 pt. Faults on which the dominant forces are extensional are recognized by the separation of the pulled-apart rock layers in a zone of omission. These are ____________.
A) reverse faults B) thrust faults
C) transform faults
E) normal faults
D) strike-slip faults
Use the plot to the right for the next
2 questions. There are two sets of data plotted, one on the left and one on the right.
(38) 1 pt. What are the different data sets, in order, from left to right?
A) P-wave, Love-wave
B) Raleigh-wave, P-wave
C) S-wave, P-wave
D) S-wave, Love-wave
(39) 1 pt. What does the plot on the left tell us about the outer core?
A) The outer core is liquid and P-waves cannot travel through liquid.
B) The outer core is liquid and S-waves cannot travel through liquid.
C) The outer core is solid and P-waves cannot travel through solid.
D) The outer core is solid and P-waves cannot travel through solid.
(40) 2 pt. Using the plot at the right, choose the correct names for the seismic waves labeled a, b, and c. i. Surface-waves, Pwave, S-wave ii. P-wave, S-wave,
Surface-waves iii. S-wave, P-wave,
Surface-waves iv. P-wave, Surface-waves, S-wave
(41) 1 pt. Tsunamis travel across open oceans as a gravity wave (a “gravitational oscillation”), often obtaining speeds in deep oceans of:
A) 10 mph B) 100 mph C) 500 mph D) 1,500 mph.
(42) 1 pt. A ______________ is a record of a tsunami written on a tide gauge.
A) monogram B) marigram C) sonogram D) mammogram

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
The following questions refer to the figure shown on the right.
(43) 1 pt. What is the period of the tsunami wave arrivals?
A) 40 minutes B) 70 minutes
C) 20 minutes D) 10 minutes
(44) 1 pt. What was the maximum displacement between any peak and trough?
A) 12 feet B) 15 feet
C) 8 feet D) 6 feet
(45) 1 pt. About how long was the tsunami a problem in this harbor?
A) 3 hrs B) longer than 11 hrs
C) 2 days D) 2 minutes
(46) 1 pt. The tsunami wave train lasted for at least 11 hours!!
(47) 1 pt. What plate boundary is associated with tsunami hazards?
A) True
A) convergent B) divergent C) transform
(48) 2 pt. Using the principals of paleoseismology, how many earthquakes are shown in the trench exposing the fault to the right?
A) one event
C) three events
B) two events
D) four events
(49) 1 pt. What type of fault is shown on the right?
A) normal fault B) reverse fault
C) strike slip D) blind thrust
(50) 1 pt. In the Figure below, where would you expect the worst shaking to occur?
A) A B) B
C) C D) D
(51) 1 pt. In the same Figure, where would you expect the least shaking to occur?
A) A B) B
C) C D) D
B) False

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
(52) 1 pt. The energy for Plate Tectonics comes from
A) the magnetic field of the earth B) heat from the sun
C) gravity between the earth and moon
E) heat from the earth's core
D) ocean currents
(53) 1 pt. The Elastic Rebound Theory is made up of four parts. Which of the following is in the correct sequential order?
A) stress, rebound, rupture, strain
B) rebound, rupture, stress, strain
C) stress, strain, rupture, rebound
D) none of these is correct
(54) 1 pt. Which of the following best describes the fundamental concept of cross cutting relations?
A) Rocks are younger than a fault if they are cut by the fault.
B) Processes that cut across geological units are older than those geological units.
C) Processes that cut across geological units are younger than those geological units.
D) Fossils are younger than a fault if they are cut by the fault.
The following 7 questions refer to the following diagram:
(55) 1 pt. Which is younger (more recent)?
A) the fault or B) Rhyolite Dike B
(56) 1 pt. Which is younger?
A) the Haephest Granite or B) Rhyolite Dike B

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
(57) 1 pt. Which is younger?
A) the Leif Limestone or B) the Dink-Dink Sandston
(58) 1 pt. Which is younger?
A) the Dink-Dink Sandstone or B) the Plainview Shale
(59) 1 pt. Which is younger?
A) Rhyolite Dike A or B) the Killarney Limestone?
(60) 1 pt. Which is younger
A) Rhyolite Dike A or B) the Haephest Granite
(61) 5 pt. Radiometric ages indicate that the Haephest Granite is 85 million years old and Rhyolite Dike A is 30 million years old. a) What can you say about the age of Rhyolite Dike C?
A) Rhyolite Dike C is older than 85 million years.
C) We cannot tell how old Rhyolite Dike C is.
B) Rhyolite Dike C is younger than 30 million yrs.
D) Rhyolite Dike C is older than 30 million yrs.
b) What can you say about the age of the Kings Sandstone?
A) Kings Sandstone is older than 85 million yrs. B) Kings Sandstone is younger than 30 million yrs.
C) We cannot tell how old Kings Sandstone is. D) Kings Sandstone is older than 30 million yrs.
For the following 3 questions, use the figure below.
(62) 1 pt. Which type of volcano erupts with lava low in Si?
A) L B) N C) O d) J
(63) 1 pt. Which has the form of a stratovolcano?
A) J B) K
C) O D) N
(64) 1 pt. Which type of volcano is the source for the
Columbia River
Flood Basalts?
A) N B) J
C) L D) O
(65) 1 pt. Which rocks are sorted properly, from low Si to high Si content?
A) Rhyolite, Dacite, Andesite, Basalt
B) Basalt, Andesite, Dacite, Rhyolite
C) Basalt, Dacite, Andesite, Rhyolite
D) Basalt, Rhyolite, Andesite, Dacite

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
(66) 1 pt. What is the range in time that the CRBs erupted?
A) 50 – 20 Ma B) 17 – 6 Ma C) 400 – 120 Ma
C) caldera – basalt
D) 15 Ma – 2 Ma
(67) 1 pt. Which volcano type is associated with the correct rock?
A) fissure flow – rhyolite B) shield volcano – granite
D) shield volcano – basalt
(68) 1 pt. In the diagram below, label each illustration where you would find each type of volcano:
Shield Volcano, Rift Volcano, Stratovolcano, Fissure Volcano
Stratovolcano
_______________
(69) 4 pt. The distance between the modern
Hawaii Volcano
(Mauna Loa = 0 years old) and the island that is circled is 3,200 km. What is the plate motion rate for the past 30 million years?
(Round your answer to the nearest mm.)
A) 156 mm/year
B) 458 mm/year
C.) 107 mm/year
D) 352 mm/year
Fissure Volcano
_______________
Rift Volcano
_______________
Shield Volcano
_______________

The Geology of Pacific Northwest Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes
GEO142 Final
The following 4 questions refer to the figure at the right.
(70) 1 pt. This figure shows the structure and stratigraphy of what type of deposit?
A) Lahar B) Ash-Flow Tuff
C) Flood Basalt D) Pyroclastic Flow
(71) 1 pt. What is the correct way to categorize the layers of the deposit?
A) L: Flow Base; M: Lower Colonnade; N: Entablature; P
Upper Colonnade; R: Flow Top.
B) L: Flow Top; M: Upper Colonnade; N: Lower Colonnade;
P Entablature; R: Flow Base.
C) L: Flow Top; M: Upper Colonnade; N: Entablature; P
Lower Colonnade; R: Flow Base.
D) L: Flow Top; M: Lower Colonnade; N: Entablature; P
Upper Colonnade; R: Flow Base.
(72) 1 pt. In which layer could there be evidence for deposition of lava into water?
A) L B) N C) P D) R
(73) 1 pt. What is this evidence for deposition of lava into water?
A) Vesicles
C) Pillow Basalt
B) Columnar Joints
D) Flow Breccia