Part 1a: Identifying Chemical and Physical Properties
Materials:
200 mL beaker
phenolphthalein solution (1% acidified)
Small piece of an antacid tablet
Sodium carbonate solution
ferric ammonium sulfate solution
graduated cylinder
tap water
Procedure:
1. Pour about 50 mL of tap water into a beaker.
2. Add several drops of phenolthalein to the beaker and record your
observations in the data table below. (Phenolpthalein is an acid/base
indicator.)
3. Drop the piece of antacid tablet into the beaker and record your
observations in the data table.
There should be more than one
observations…use all of your senses but taste!
4. Add 20 mL of ferric ammonium sulfate solution to the beaker and record
your observations.
5. Add 20 mL of sodium carbonate solution to the beaker. Observe the
bottom of the beaker closely and record your observations in the data
table.
6. Dispose of your solution down the drain with plenty of water. Rinse your
beaker and graduated cylinder well with water, put them back in your
drawer, and clean up your lab counter.
Data:
Data Table 1
Substance Added
phenolpthalein
antacid tablet
ferric ammonium sulfate
sodium carbonate
Describe the Chemical and Physical Propoerties of Each Substance
Part 1b: Identifying Chemical and Physical
Properties
Materials:
Hydrogen peroxide
Slice of raw potato
100 ml beaker or clear plastic cup
Procedure:
1. Take a slice of potato and place it on a paper
towel
2. Put 10 drops of hydrogen peroxide on the
potatoe.
Observations:
1. What happened when the hydrogen peroxide
was first added to the potato?
2. Was there any color changes to the potato?
Analysis:
Explain what you think took place – account for
each observation.
Conclusion:
Describe the physical and chemical properties of
the hydrogen peroxide and the potato.
Part 1c: Identifying Chemical and Physical Properties
Materials:
Iron filings
Sugar
Magnet
Glass plate (or overhead transparency)
Procedure:
1. Combine ½ of a spoonful of iron filings with a spoonful of
sugar on an overhead transparency.
2. Use the magnet to separate the iron filings from the sugar
(use the magnet underneath the overhead transparency).
3. Record your observations.
4. Place the iron filings back in the container and the sugar
back into the container.
Observations:
1. What happened when the magnet was moved around under
the glass plate?
2. Could you make a design on the plate?
Analysis:
Explain what you think took place – account for each
observation. Is there any object (a toy perhaps) that you know
of that resembles this experiment?
Conclusion:
Describe the chemical and physical properties of the iron
filings and sugar.
Part 1d: Identifying Chemical and Physical Properties
Materials:
1. 2.5 g ammonium nitrate
2. 10 ml of water
3. Graduated cylinder
4. Ziploc® bag (small)
Procedure:
1. Weigh 2.5 g of ammonium nitrate and place into a Ziploc®
bag.
2. Measure 10 ml of water into a graduated cylinder.
3. Pour the water into the Ziploc® bag and seal the bag
removing as much air as possible.
4. Gently squeeze the bag to mix the water and ammonium
nitrate.
5. Record your observations.
Observations:
What happened?
Analysis:
1. Explain the results of your experiment. Was this a physical or
a chemical change?
2. Describe the physical and chemical properties of ammonium
nitrate and water.
Part 1e: Identifying Chemical and Physical
Properties
Materials:
Beaker
100ml of H2O
20g of NaCl
Procedure:
1. Bring the water to a boil.
2. Pour the NaCl in the water.
3. Record what happened.
Observations:
1. What Happened?
Analysis:
1. Explain the results of your experiment.
2. Describe the chemical and physical properties
of salt and water.
Part 1f: Identifying Chemical and Physical
Properties
Materials:
Beaker
20 ml of Acetic Acid (vinegar)
5 g of Sodium Bicarbonate (baking soda)
Procedures:
1. Pour 20 ml of acetic acid into the
beaker.
2. Add 5 g of sodium bicarbonate into
the beaker.
3. Record what happens.
Analysis:
1. Describe what happened.
2. Describe the chemical and physical properties of
acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate.
Part 1g: Identifying Chemical and Physical
Properties
Materials:
Test Tube
Stopper
10 ml of Red Liquid
Dropper
Bleach
Procedures:
1. Pour 10 ml of red liquid into the
beaker.
2. Add 10 drops of bleach into the test
tube.
3. Put the stopper on the test tube and
shake the test tube.
4. Record what happens.
Analysis:
1. Describe what happened.
2. Describe the chemical and physical properties of
red liquid and bleach.
Part 1h: Identifying Chemical and Physical
Properties
Materials:
Test Tube
Ring Stand
Sugar cube
Bunsen Burner
100 ml water
Test tube holder
Hammer
Beaker
Procedures:
5. Hit the sugar cube with the hammer and record what
happens.
6. Add 100 ml of water to the beaker and add the sugar to
the water.
7. Stir the water sugar mixture until the sugar disappears.
8. Take 10 ml the sugar/water mixture and pour it into the
test tube.
9. Heat the test tube until the water disappears.
10. Record what happens.
Analysis:
3. Describe what happened.
4. Describe the chemical and physical properties of the
sugar and the water.
Part 1i: Identifying
Chemical and Physical
Properties
This will be done as a demonstration.
Analysis:
5. Describe what happened.
6. Describe the chemical and
physical properties of
Hydrogen and Oxygen gas and
of the compound water.
Part 1j: Identifying
Chemical and Physical
Properties
This will be done as a demonstration.
Analysis:
1.
Describe what happened.
2. Describe the chemical and
physical properties of sodium.
Part 2: Evidence of a Chemical Reaction
Problem: How can you tell that a chemical reaction has occurred?
Hypothesis: ____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Materials:
Balance
Water
6 small paper cups
Phenolphthalein
Graduated cylinder
Calcium Chloride (CaCl2)
6 baggies
Baking Soda
Procedures:
1. Get six baggies and label bags #1-#6 on the outside of the bag.
2. Fill the following bags with the appropriate solid. Caution: CaCl2 is an eye irritant. Keep hands
away from face and eyes. It Burns like Crazy!
Bag
Solids
#1
2.5g of CaCl2 and 2g of NaHCO3
#2
2.5g of CaCl2
#3
2.5g of CaCl2
#4
2g of NaHCO3
#5
2g of NaHCO3
#6
2.5g of CaCl2 and 2g of NaHCO3
3. Get six cups and label each cup #1-#6 on the outside of the cup.
4. Fill the cups with the appropriate liquid
Cup
Liquid
#1
2.5 ml Phenolphthalein and 5 ml
Water
#2
2.5 ml Phenolphthalein
#3
5ml Water
#4
2.5 ml Phenolphthalein
#5
5 ml Water
#6
7.5 ml Water
5. Place the number cup with the correct bag. Place the cup upright in the bag and seal the bag
(Watch the demonstration of the set up). After sealing the bag, gently tip the cup over and
watch what happens. Record your observations in the table. Be very descriptive.
Bag
#1
#2
#3
#4
Observation
#5
#6
6. Throw the bags and cups away. Make sure to let any gas that is trapped in a bag out of the bag.
Wipe off any spilled materials.
Analysis and Conclusion
1. What observations indicated a chemical reaction took place during the lab?
2. Which substance(s) was (were) responsible for the production of a gas?
3. What reactant caused the color change?
4. Which reactant caused the temperature to increase?
5. Why was there no reaction between the calcium chloride and the baking soda (sodium
carbonate) when they were first put into the bags together?
6. What kind of temperature change occurred in bags #4 and #5?
7. Define exothermic and endothermic.
8. Which bags were exothermic?
9. Which bags were endothermic?