2.3 & 2.4 Blue Packet – Answer Key
2.3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
4 valence electrons
Carbon atoms easily bond to each other to make long chains
Macromolecules
Polymerization
Polymers
Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids
C, H, O
A, B, D – cellulose is the polymer found in cell walls
Monosaccharides
A, C, D
Polymers of carbohydrates
Plants – starch, animals – glycogen
C, H atoms
Fats, oil, waxes
Fatty acids
A – phospholipids, B, D – hormones, steroids
a. Saturated – single bonds
b. Unsaturated – at least one double bond the fatty acid chain, oils from plants
c. Polyunsaturated – more than 1 double bond
C, H, O, N, P
Nucleotides
5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
Store genetic information
DNA, RNA
C, H, O, N
Polypeptides
a.
b.
c.
d.
Control rate of a reaction
Regulate cell processes, transport molecules in and out of the cell
Form muscles and bones
Fight diseases
2.4
1. A process that changes or transforms a set of chemicals into another
2.
a. Reactants: elements/molecules that enter into a chemical reaction
b. Products: elements/molecules produced in a chemical reaction
3. Bonds
4. Energy
5. Need a source of energy
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Activation energy
Reactants, activation energy, products
Speeds up a reaction, also starts a reaction
Enzymes
Speed up reactions, break down substrates, starts a reaction
The root word of the molecule it breaks down followed by the suffix –ase
Substrates
Substrates and active sites are mirror images of each other and fit perfectly like a lock and key
Enzyme-substrate reaction
Molecules carry chemical signals that turn reactions on and off
Crossword Puzzle
Across
1.reactant
4.chemical reaction
7.proton
8.compound
11.ion
12.nucleic acid
16.covalent bond
17.polymer
Down
2.electron
3.base
5.ionic bond
6.nucleotide
9.amino acid
10.acid
13.isotope
15.atom