Study Guide for Test
Name
Molecules of Life
The test on Molecules of Life is closed note, open brain . To prepare for this test, review the labs and activities,
readings, notes, and returned work/comments.
Terms to understand, identify in an image, and be able to apply to a variety of problems.
Molecule
Molecular formula
Atom
Bond
Double bond
Atomic Nucleus
Proton
Electron
Monomer
Polymer
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
Glycosidic Bond
Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin
Lipid
Saturated Fat or Fatty Acid
Unsaturated Fat or Fatty Acid
Glycerol
Fatty Acids (and examples)
Ester Bond
Hydrogenation
Protein
Polypeptide
Amino Acids
R-group (variable)
Peptide Bond
Primary Structure
Secondary Structure
Tertiary Structure
Quaternary Structure
Enzyme
Substrate
Active Site
Hydrolysis
Dehydration
Synthesized
Review Tasks: COMPLETE each task in your journal (or simply do the task) and check each box
when you have completed the task.
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1.
Review/re-read journal entries pertinent to the molecules of life unit. These include all handouts and readings.
Practice identifying different types of molecules (diagrams) from the lecture, worksheets, etc. Get yourself quizzed!
Compare and contrast the various types of molecules, their functions, and their structures.
Be able to infer what could happen to the cell and ultimately the organism if various molecules were in excess or absent.
Be able to analyze data in a table and/or a graph that may pertain to experiment involving molecules.
Connect at least 3 words (above) together into one sentence that explains something having to do with molecule structure,
function, or interaction with the body. Examples: peptide bond, polysaccharide, cellulose. Try it! It’s hard, but doable!
Revisit your quiz! Make sure to address all questions you missed. Why were wrong answers wrong and right answers right?
Go through each possible answer and explain to a friend why ^^. TRY THIS! I highly recommend doing this!
Visit the calendar/website and go through the review Jeopardy! when it is posted (usually the night before the test).
Re-read a chapter in your summer reading book so you can discuss the molecules of life connection.
Compare & contrast the following characteristics of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates using a triple Venn Diagram like this
– Molecular Structure
– Functions
– Monomers and Polymers
– Sources (food)
– Processes used to create
monomers/polymers
Need more space? Do it on a separate sheet.
#sorrynotsorry
2.
Explain and draw dehydration synthesis.
3.
Explain and draw hydrolysis.
4.
Write the molecular formula for a glycogen molecule consisting of 22 glucose molecules, and explain how you know.
5.
Explain the 4 levels of protein structure and how they contribute to the overall 3D structure of the protein molecule. Here is
a diagram that may be helpful to you.
6.
Explain how proteins can be beneficial to living things using all of the
following terms and underlining them when used:
protein, enzyme, substrate, energy, structure, tertiary
7.
What molecules or structures can be represented by each letter? If A is
lactose, what are the rest?
Label on the diagram or identify the:
- Enzyme
- Substrate
- Products
- Glycosidic bond (where it is)
- Dehydration (where it happened)
- Hydrolysis (where it happened)
Give an example enzyme name and its associated substrate, and its products.
Molecules of Life Review
Carbohydrates
Type of
monomer
Monomer
examples
Lipids
Proteins
Monosaccharides
butyric acid, lauric acid
Process to
convert
monomers
into polymers
Type of
Polymer
Polymer
examples
Process to
convert
polymers into
monomers
Type of bond
formed
between
monomers
Functions
in the
bodies of
living
organisms
Rule to
identify
molecule by
structure
Sources
(food)
Where can
we obtain
this
molecule?
Image
or
rough
sketch
Saturated fat, steroid, wax
Hemoglobin, insulin, amylase
The Molecules of Life Crossword Puzzle
Clues
Across
6. the level of protein structure caused by repeated folding of the polypeptide backbone. The 2 types are the alpha
helices and beta pleated sheets.
8. the level of protein structure determined by a unique sequence of amino acids
10. A sub-unit (single unit) of a polymer
13. lipids that exist as a liquid at room temp and has 1 or more double bond (C=C)
15. most common monosaccharide
16. the type of chemical bond that holds together amino acids.
17. lipids that serve as coatings for plant parts and as animal coverings to help prevent desiccation or drying out
19. a chemical reaction resulting in the breakdown of a polymer using water
20. a lipid that is composed of 1 glycerol + 2 fatty acids + phosphate group; also a component of the cell membrane
22. the type of chemical bond that holds together lipid monomers.
Down
1. the monomers of protein. A molecule made of an asymmetric carbon covalently bonded to hydrogen, amino group,
carboxyl, and R group
2. the type of chemical bond that holds together carbohydrate monomers
3. a relatively small carbohydrate that consists of 2 monosaccharides bonded together
4. the simplest form of a carbohydrate. Glucose is a good example of one.
5. a macromolecule that is involved with or is necessary for life.
7. A chemical reaction resulting in a bond and is created through the loss of water
9. the level of protein structure caused by the irregular folding of a polypeptide due to bonding between R groups.
11. the level of protein structure resulting from interactions among 2 or more polypeptides.
12. lipids composed of 4 carbon rings with no fatty acid tails. These act as components of membranes and for hormones.
An example of one of them is cholesterol.
14. a chain of amino acids bonded together before the folding of the protein occurs.
18. a large molecule composed of monomers
20. a large carbohydrate; hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides bonded together
21. lipids that exist as a solid at room temp and has only single bonds (C-C)
23. a lipid that is composed of 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids