Name: ___________________________
Date: ____________
Period:_____________
AP Physics II
TEST-Thermodynamics Applications
Show all work for full credit and underline your final answer
Rules: (a) Work must be submitted on separate paper. (b) Show all work to include the equation
used, conversions must be shown, (c) Include the rearranged formula with values entered, (d)
your final answer with units and underlined. Credit will be reduced for missing elements listed
above.
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If it is given that 546 K equals 273C, then it follows that 400 K equals?
A temperature change from 15C to 35C corresponds to what incremental change in F?
Normal body temperature for humans is 37C. What is this temperature in kelvins?
A steel wire, 150 m long at 10C, has a coefficient of linear expansion of 11  106/C. Give its
change in length as the temperature changes from 10C to 45C?
A rectangular steel plate with dimensions of 30 cm  25 cm is heated from 20C to 220C. What is
its change in area? (Coefficient of linear expansion for steel is 11  106/C.)
A brass cube, 10 cm on a side, is raised in temperature by 200C. The coefficient of volume
expansion of brass is 57  106/C. By what percentage does volume increase?
A 2.00-L container holds half a mole of an ideal gas at a pressure of 12.5 atm. What is the gas
temperature? (R  0.082 1 Latm/molK)
Two moles of nitrogen gas are contained in an enclosed cylinder with a movable piston. If the gas
temperature is 298 K, and the pressure is 1.01  106 N/m2, what is the volume? (R  8.31 J/molK)
How many atoms are present in a sample of pure iron with a mass of 300 g? (The atomic mass of
iron  56 and NA  6.02  1023)
Two moles of an ideal gas at 3.0 atm and 10C are heated up to 150 C. If the volume is held
constant during this heating, what is the final pressure?
What is the root-mean-square speed of chlorine gas molecules at a temperature of 320 K? (R  8.31
J/molK, NA  6.02  1023, and the molecular mass of Cl2  71)
What is the internal energy of 50 moles of Neon gas (molecular mass  20 u) at 27C? (R  8.31
J/mol·K)
How many calories are equal to one BTU? (One calorie  4.186 J, one BTU  1 054 J.)
A 10-kg piece of aluminum (which has a specific heat of 900 J/kgC) is warmed so that its
temperature increases by 5.0 C. How much heat was transferred into it?
A waterfall is 145 m high. What is the increase in water temperature at the bottom of the falls if all
the initial potential energy goes into heating the water? (g  9.8 m/s2, cw  4 186 J/kgC)
A 120-g block of copper is taken from a kiln and quickly placed into a beaker of negligible heat
capacity containing 300 g of water. The water temperature rises from 15C to 35C. Given cCu 
0.10 cal/gC, and cwater  1.00 cal/gC, what was the temperature of the kiln?
Find the final equilibrium temperature when 10.0 g of milk at 10.0C is added to 160 g of coffee at
90.0C ? (Assume the specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as water and neglect the heat
capacity of the container.) cwater  1.00 cal/g·ºC  4186 J/kg·ºC
____ 18. I take 1.0 kg of ice and dump it into 1.0 kg of water and, when equilibrium is reached, I have 2.0 kg
of ice at 0C. The water was originally at 0C. The specific heat of water  1.00 kcal/kgC, the
specific heat of ice  0.50 kcal/kgC, and the latent heat of fusion of water is 80 kcal/kg. The
original temperature of the ice was?
____ 19. A windowpane is half a centimeter thick and has an area of 1.0 m2. The temperature difference
between the inside and outside surfaces of the pane is 15 C. What is the rate of heat flow through
this window? (Thermal conductivity for glass is 0.84 J/smC.)
____ 20. The volume of an ideal gas changes from 0.40 to 0.55 m3 although its pressure remains constant at
50 000 Pa. What work is done on the system by its environment?
____ 21. In an isobaric process 4.5  104 J of work is done on a quantity of gas while its volume changes from
2.6 m3 to 1.1 m3. What is the pressure during this process?
____ 22. A system is acted on by its surroundings in such a way that it receives 50 J of heat while
simultaneously doing 20 J of work. What is its net change in internal energy?
____ 23. A 4-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic process where it expands and does 20 J of work on
its environment. What is its change in internal energy?
____ 24. A quantity of monatomic ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0 liters to 6.0 liters. If
the initial pressure is P0, what is the final pressure?
____ 25. A 5-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic free expansion (a rapid expansion into a vacuum),
going from an initial volume of 10 L to a final volume of 20 L. How much work is done on the
system during this adiabatic free expansion?
____ 26. A heat engine exhausts 3 000 J of heat while performing 1 500 J of useful work. What is the
efficiency of the engine?
____ 27. A heat engine operating between a pair of hot and cold reservoirs with respective temperatures of
500 K and 200 K will have what maximum efficiency?
____ 28. A heat engine receives 6 000 J of heat from its combustion process and loses 4 000 J through the
exhaust and friction. What is its efficiency?
____ 29. A turbine takes in 1000-K steam and exhausts the steam at a temperature of 500 K. What is the
maximum theoretical efficiency of this system?