World History II SOL People Review
World Religions
1. E
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. F
6. C
Abraham
Moses
Gautama
Jesus of Nazareth
Allah
Muhammad
A. founder of Christianity - according to Christians he's the messiah
B. founder of Buddhism
C. founder of Islam
D. led Jews out of Egypt in the exodus
E. founder of Judaism
F. Islamic name for God
Medieval/Crusades/Catholic Church/Renaissance
7. B
8. G
9. D
10. A
11. C
12. F
13. E
Michelangelo
Erasmus
Shakespeare
Turks
Leonardo da Vinci
Pope
Johannes Gutenberg
A. Muslims from Asia Minor - defeated Constantinople - renamed it
Istanbul – traded coffee and ceramics – spread Islam to Middle East,
North Africa, and Balkan Peninsula
B. Renaissance artist - painted Sistine Chapel and sculpted la Pieta and David
C. Renaissance artist - painted Mona Lisa and the Last Supper
D. Renaissance playwright and writer of sonnets
E. invented the printing press, helped Renaissance and Reformation ideas spread
F. head of the Roman Catholic Church
G. most famous Christian humanist
Reformation
14. E
15. A
16. B
17. C
18. D
G
F
Martin Luther
John Calvin
Jesuits
Elizabeth I
Henry VIII
Cardinal Richelieu
Hapsburgs
A. God predestines certain people to go to heaven
B. Catholic order that proselytized for all over the world for Catholic church
C. combined Catholic and Protestant to come up with Anglican Church
D. broke away from the Catholic Church because of divorce
E. first to ever break away from Catholic Church, German monk, faith
F. Ruling family in Europe that supported the Catholic Church during the Ref.
G. Catholic leader in France that changed the Thirty Years’ War from a religious
to a political conflict
Exploration
19. A
20. D
21. B
22. E
23. F
24. G
25. H
26. C
Prince Henry
Columbus
Magellan
Drake
Cortez
Pizarro
Cartier
da Gama
A. Portugal - brought people together to study navigation
B. his crew was first to circumnavigate the globe
C. Portuguese – first to find water route to Asia
D. wanted to sail west around the world to get to Asia - landed in Caribbean –
thought he was in India
E. first Englishman to sail around the globe
F. Spanish conquistador – conquered Aztecs
G. Spanish Conquistador – conquered Incas
H. French explorer – claimed Canada for France
World Empires
27. G
28. F
29. D
30. C
31. B
32. E
33. H
34. A
J
I
Mughals
Ottomans
Songhai
Japanese
Chinese
Aztecs
Incas
Persians
Shah Jahan
Tokugawa
A. Located in present-day Iran
B. set up trading enclaves for foreigners to trade in
C. kicked out foreigners and became isolationists
D. Africans – traded salt and gold
E. Native American civilization – Mexico – corn
F. Muslims – Asia Minor – coffee and ceramics
G. Muslims – ruled India
H. Native American civilization – Peru – Andes Mts. – roads & bridges
I. Japanese shogun overthrown in the Meiji Restoration
J. Mughal leader who built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife
Absolute Monarchs
35. B
36. D
37. C
38. A
Louis XIV
Sun King
Frederick the Great
Peter the Great
A. an absolute ruler of Russia - he wanted to westernize Russia
B. absolute monarch of France - brought a great culture to France - also caused
problems by doing away with the Edict of Nantes – built Versailles
C. absolute ruler of Prussia
D. nickname of Louis XIV
Scientific Revolution
39. B
40. A
41. D
42. C
43. E
Copernicus
Kepler
Gallileo
Harvey
Newton
A. German - used math to prove that earth goes around the sun in an ellipse
B. Polish – heliocentric theory - feared the church
C. English - blood circulates through the body
D. Italian - telescope to prove Copernicus right - declared a heretic
E. English - developed calculus and the laws of gravity
Enlightenment/Age of Reason
44. I
45. E
46. D
47. H
48. J
49. F
50. C
51. B
52. G
53. A
Montesquieu
Mozart
Voltaire
Rousseau
Hobbes
Locke
Jefferson
Bach
Delacroix
Cervantes
A. Spanish – novelist – wrote Don Quixote
B. second great composer of Enlightenment
C. American – wrote Declaration of Independence
D. French - believed in freedom of speech – separation of church and state
E. Austrian - great composer - began composing at age 5
F. English - used natural law – Two Treatises on Gov’t - man has rights and is
generally good – gov’t to protect our rights – influenced Jefferson
G. French – painted Liberty Leading the People and nature scenes
H. French – Social Contract - gov’t is only a contract and not that necessary
I. French - wrote Spirit of the Laws - believed in separation of power
J. English - used natural law to say that people need an absolute monarch
because they are naturally bad - wrote Leviathan
English Civil War, Glorious Revolution, French Revolution, Congress of Vienna. Other Revolutions,
Unifications
54. K
55. G
56. I
57. D
58. A
59. L
60. F
61. C
62. H
63. B
64. E
65. J
Q
M
N
O
R
P
William and Mary
Napoleon
Metternich
Charles I
Oliver Cromwell
Third Estate
Louis XVI
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Bolivar
Cavour
Garibaldi
Bismarck
Charles II
creoles
mestizos
viceroys
Hidalgo
Monroe
A. Puritan - Led English Civil War – then became dictator
B. advisor to king of Sardinia – united N. Italy
C. led slave revolt in Haiti – inspired by the French Rev.
D. king of England – wants to be absolute – executed after civil war
E. guerrilla warfare – united S. Italy with N. Italy
F. French absolute ruler – executed in Reign of Terror
G. dictator of France – conquers Europe – spreads Code of Laws
H. led revolutions all over Latin America
I. Austrian prince - Congress of Vienna – balance of power – kings in power
J. realpolitik – “blood and iron” – Prussian who created Germany
K. rulers of Eng. after Glorious Revolution - had less power than Parliament
L. French poor and middle class – begin revolution at Bastille
M. White people born in the Latin American colonies
N. People of mixed American Indian and European ancestry
O. Latin American colonial rulers; often former conquistadors
P. US President who outlined policy that Europe not take new colonies in the
Western Hemisphere
Q. “Merry Monarch” who reigned during the Restoration period after the
English Civil War
R. Priest who started the Mexican independence movement
Industrial Revolution and Imperialism
66. D
67. A
68. C
69. H
70. E
71. F
72. B
Eli Whitney
James Watt
Henry Bessemer
Adam Smith
Edward Jenner
Louis Pasteur
Cmdr. Matthew Perry
73. G
I
Karl Marx
Friedrich Engels
A. steam engine - work now done by machines instead of human power.
B. used US Navy to get Japan to open up to trade
C. invented steel. now machines could be made stronger and resistant to fire
D. cotton gin - clean cotton faster - need for slaves grows
E. made world's first vaccination - small pox
F. discovered germs/bacteria
G. Socialism – helped write Communist Manifesto - proletariat to rise up and
Revolt, also wrote Das Capital
H. capitalism and laissez-faire - Wealth of Nations – profits make people work
I. Socialism – co-wrote the Communist Manifesto
World War I and Between the Wars
74. D
75. I
76. C
77. A
78. B
79. G
80. F
81. H
82. E
J
Archduke Ferdinand
Tsar Nicholas II
Bolsheviks
Lenin
Woodrow Wilson
Hitler
Mussolini
Stalin
Tojo
Hirohito
A. Russian socialist. wanted to spread socialism all over the world, led the
Bolsheviks, New Economic Policy
B. US president WWI, wrote Fourteen Points
C. radical socialists led by Lenin.
D. prince of Austria-Hungary – assassinated – spark for WWI
E. Japanese military minister
F. totalitarian/Fascist leader of Italy
G. totalitarian leader of Germany, wrote Mein Kampf
H. totalitarian leader of Soviet Union, Five Year Plans, KGB, collective farms
I. ruler of Russia in early 1900s – incompetent – overthrown
J. Emperor of Japan during WWII
World War II and Cold War
83. G
84. E
85. B
86. F
87. H
88. I
89. A
90. D
91. C
F.D.Roosevelt
Truman
MacArthur
Marshall
Eisenhower
Churchill
Ronald Reagan
Mikhail Gorbachev
Fidel Castro
A. helped end the Cold War by building up US military.
B. US General – Pacific troops – rebuilt Japan – fought Korean War
C. Communist dictator of Cuba – allowed USSR to put missiles there
D. helped end Cold War by letting his people see the West
E. dropped atomic bomb on Japan – said US will lead fight against communism
F. had plan to rebuild W. Europe after WWII - $13 billion
G. US president during WWII and at Yalta
H. US General – in charge of D-Day – became US president
I. British PM – hated appeasement – at Yalta
Post- World War II, Communist Revolutions and Independence Movements
92. B
93. E
94. C
95. D
96. A
97. G
98. I
99. M
100.K
101. L
102. J
103. H
104.F
Mao Tse-tung
Chiang Kai-shek
Ho Chi Minh
Mohandas Gandhi
Jomo Kenyatta
Margaret Thatcher
Indira Gandhi
Deng Xiaoping
Jawaharlal Nehru
Nelson Mandela
Golda Meir
Gamal Abdul Nasser
Pol Pot
A. led fight against British for independence of his country
B. led communists in China
C. led communists in Vietnam
D. led passive resistance against British in India
E. led nationalists in China – fled to Taiwan after losing
F. led a genocide in Cambodia against the educated, artists, technicians, former
government officials, monks, and minorities
G. British Prime Minister and woman who supported free trade, less government
regulation of business, and a close relationship with the US; asserted
the UK’s military power
H. President of Egypt who nationalized the Suez Canal, established a
relationship with the Soviet Union, and built the Aswan Dam
I. Indian Prime Minister and woman who established a closer relationship with
the Soviet Union during the Cold War; developed India’s nuclear
program
J. Israeli Prime Minister and woman who led Israel to victory in the Yom
Kippur War and sought the support of the United States
K. Indian Prime Minister and close associate of Gandhi who supported westernstyle industrialization
L. Led black South Africa’s struggle against apartheid; became the first black
president of the Republic of South Africa
M. Chinese Communist leader who maintained strict government control of the
lives of the citizens while also allowing some privatization and free
market policies in the economy