Name:
Winter Break Assignment – Part 1: Ch. 10 Exploring Gas Laws
Due: Sunday, Dec. 27, midnight. Email work to obarberena@bassettusd.org
Part 2 will be posted at https://bassettusd.haikulearning.com/omara/apchem/ in Ch. 10 folder on Sun, 12/27.
***For all of the following explorations, use the PhEt Chemistry Animation Gas Properties.***
Learning Goals: Through these explorations, you must gain a basic understanding of:
a) Kinetic molecular theory
b) Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure
c) Boyle’s Law
d) Gay-Lussac’s Law
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY (Answer briefly but precisely!)
1. Use the pump to put one pump of gas into the box, releasing several gas particles.
A) What happens to the clump of particles?
(To answer the following questions, keep your eye on one particle and notice how it moves.)
B) How do the particles move (straight line, circular, random, etc.)? ______________________________
C) Do the particles stay at a constant speed (yes, no)? _________
D) If not, what causes the speed to change?
E) Do they always move in the same direction (yes, no)? _________
F) If not, what causes their direction to change?
2. Find the “Gas in Chamber” settings on the right to input the number of “Heavy” and “Light” species.
A) Put 100 “heavy species” in the container. Give it time for the pressure to stabilize (mostly).
B) Record the pressure: _____________ (The number will jump around: choose an average.)
C) Set “heavy species” to zero and the “light species” to 100.
D) Record the pressure: _______________
E) Does the mass of the particles significantly affect the pressure of the container (yes, no)? ________
F) How can you explain this?
PARTIAL PRESSURES
A) Put _______ (choose!) of “heavy species” and no “light species”. Record the pressure: ___________
B) Put _______ (choose!) of the “light species” and no “heavy species”. Record the pressure: ____________
C) Put in the number of “heavy” and “light” species you chose in parts (A) and (B) together. Record the pressure: ________
D) How does the answer for (C) compare to the sum of the answers in (A) and (B)?
BOYLE’S LAW
Find the “Constant Parameter” settings on the top right. Boyle’s Law deals with changes in pressure and volume ONLY,
so temperature must be constant. Select “Temperature” to keep it constant.
A) Use 200 “heavy species” and move the man (forward/backward) to change the volume of the container. Observe what
happens to the pressure as you change the volume to answer the questions that follow.
B) As the volume goes ____________, the pressure goes ____________________. This is a(n) ______________________
(direct? inverse?) relationship.
C) Play around with the number of species, volume, and pressure. Find a combination that will blow lid off the container.
Pressure:
Volume:
Particles:
GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW
Gay-Lussac’s Law deals with changes in pressure and temperature ONLY, so ______________________ must be constant.
Select this parameter to keep it constant and follow a procedure similar the one above, but this time use the Heat Control at
the bottom to change the temperature.
A) As the temperature goes ______________, the pressure goes __________________. This is a(n)
______________________ relationship.
B) Find a combination for P, T, and Particles that will blow lid off the container.
P:
T:
Particles:
CHARLES’ LAW
Charles’ Law deals with changes in temperature and volume ONLY, so ______________ must be constant. Without using
the simulation, answer the following questions first and then check your predictions against the simulation.
1. If temperature increases, what will happen to the energy of the gas molecules in the container?
2. If the energy of the gas ____________________ (your answer from 1) as temperature increases, what will be the overall
effect on the volume of the container: increase, decrease, or stay the same?