Sub-domain:
Essentials for practice & care: Patient Care
Statements related to sub-domain:
Demonstrate the provision of patient-centered care by participating in the continuum of care by
 COLLECT subjective and objective patient data;
 ASSESS patient data;
 FORMULATE evidence based care plans;
 IMPLEMENT patient care plans;
 MONITOR/EVALUATE patient care; and
 DOCUMENT patient care related activities
Key terms and definitions:
References:
CAPE 2004:
“Pharmaceutical Care – provide pharmaceutical care in cooperation with patients, prescribers, and other members of an
interprofessional health care team based upon sound therapeutic principles and evidence-based data, taking into account relevant
legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional issues, emerging technologies, and evolving pharmaceutical, biomedical,
sociobehavioral, and clinical sciences that may impact therapeutic outcomes.
a. Provide patient-centered care
 Design, implement, monitor, evaluate, and adjust pharmaceutical care plans that are patient-specific and evidence-based
 Retrieve, analyze, and interpret the professional, lay, and scientific literature to provide drug information to patients, their
families, and other involved health care providers”
CAPE 1998
“Provide Pharmaceutical Care
A. Gather and organize information in order to identify ongoing or potential drug-related problems and the root cause of
problems
B. Plan and perform ongoing patient evaluation to identify additional drug-related problems and implement changes in the
pharmaceutical care plan
C. Interpret and evaluate pharmaceutical data and related information needed to prevent or resolve medication-related
problems or to respond to information requests.
D. …
E. Implement the pharmaceutical care plan
F. Document pharmaceutical care activity in the patient’s medical record to facilitate communication and collaboration among
providers
G. …
Giberson S, Yoder S, Lee MP. Improving Patient & Health System Outcomes through Advanced Pharmacy Practice. A Report to
the US Surgeon General. Office of the Chief Pharmacist. US Public Health Service. Dec 2011.
“Pharmacists’ formal education appropriately prepares them to successfully perform clinical services related to the prevention and
control of disease through medications. Pharmacists are also well-positioned (through accessibility, expertise and experience) to
play a much larger primary care role in the US health care system to meet these demands and improve health care delivery (and the
health) of the nation.
“…Pharmacists evaluate and counsel patients, provide health maintenance information, administer immunizations (as one of many
public health functions), reduce drug misadventures through clinical interventions, respond to disaster needs, assume regulatory
roles in drug delivery to assure safety, assess patients who access the health system through community pharmacies, and perform
point-of-care testing. In more advanced practice settings, pharmacists are involved with provision of more expanded direct patient
care through comprehensive disease management, CDTM, medication management, health promotion/disease prevention, care
coordination and follow-up patient care. Many of these services are similar in scope and complexity to other primary care services
delivered in our health care system.
…Once a diagnosis is made, it is undeniable that physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners and pharmacists assume direct
patient care roles. Definitions of primary care help clarify and confirm the provision of similar patient care services by pharmacists.
….Currently, pharmacists deliver patient care services in a variety of practice setting through CPAs to manage disease whereby they:
perform patient assessment (subjective and objective data including physical assessment); have prescriptive authority (initiate,
adjust, or discontinue treatment) to manage disease through medication use and deliver collaborative drug therapy or medication
management; order, interpret, and monitor laboratory tests; formulate clinical assessments and develop therapeutic plans; provide
care coordination and other health services for wellness and prevention of disease; develop partnerships with patients for ongoing
(follow-up) care.