Power, Structural, and Technical Systems AG3 & AG4
Essential Questions:
1. What physical science principles, technology principles, and engineering applications can be used to solve problems and improve
performance in power, structural and technical systems?
2. What knowledge is necessary to plan, build, and maintain agricultural structures and equipment?
Essential Vocabulary: 3-way switches, 4-way switches, amperes, Bill-of-Materials, biomass, Boyle’ Law, branch circuits, cable, compression ratio,
conduit, Control or common terminal, cubic foot, duplex receptacle, electrons, Geographic Information System (GIS), geothermal, Global
Positioning System (GPS), GPS receiver system, Grid, Grounded conductor, horsepower, hydropower, irrigation, Law of Conservation of Energy,
lubricant, machinery controller, multi-meter, nonrenewable energy, Ohm’s law, Pascal’s Principal, power, precision farming, remote sensoring,
renewable energy, resistance, site-specific farming, solar, square foot, torque, voltage, watts, wind
Essential Understanding
The student will demonstrate competence in the application of principles and techniques for the development and management of power,
structural and technical systems.
PST.01: Use physical science principles and engineering applications with power, structural and
technical systems to solve problems and improve performance.
Students will know…
Students will understand that…
Prior Background Knowledge
Required:
 how to select energy
 renewable energy sources
sources
in
power.
are naturally replenishing.
 computer experience
generation appropriate to
 that agricultural producers
 basic Math and ELA skills
the
situation.
and industries can tap into
 basic speaking and
the most promising
 Boyle’s Law, Ohm’s Law,
listening skills
and
the
Law
of
renewable and alternative
 basic collaboration tools
Conservation of Energy
energy sources and their
relates to agricultural
potential.
mechanics.
 there are purposes and
benefits of calculating the
 Pascal's principle and how
is it used in hydraulics.
amount of irrigation
needed.
 the concepts behind
hydraulics and how are
 using the proper type and
they used in agricultural
grade of oils and lubricants
machinery.
is essential.
Drafted July 1, 2015
Students will be able to…
 identify renewable and
nonrenewable energy
sources and pathways of
delivery. (Energy Sources)
(Electrical Systems)
(Human use of Natural
Resources)
 make calculations using
Boyle’s Law, Ohm’s Law,
Pascal’s principle, and the
law of conservation of
energy. (Electrical systems)
(Energy sources)
(Hydraulic and pneumatic
systems) (OSHA)


that the amount of
irrigation water needed for
a particular crop be
calculated.
there are the various types
and grades of oils and
lubricants.
Vocabulary:
 biomass
 Boyle’s Law
 hydropower
 irrigation
 Law of conservation of
Energy
 lubricant
 nonrenewable energy
 Ohm’s Law
 Pascal’s principle
 renewable energy
 solar
 wind
 geothermal





(Lubricants) (structural
plans and building codes)
(irrigation)
examine environmental
impacts and efficiencies of
energy sources. (Energy
Sources) (Electrical
Systems) (Human use of
Natural Resources)
identify basic theories
applying to fluid dynamics.
(Hydraulics and
pneumatics) (Irrigation)
calculate the seasonal
demand and peak-use rates
for crop irrigation using the
figures in the charts.
(irrigation)
describe functions of
engine oil and lubricants
and explain the types and
grades. (Lubricants)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part project and
presentation using science
and engineering
applications with power,
structural and technical
systems to solve problems
and improve performance.
PST.02: Design, operate and maintain mechanical equipment, structures, biological systems, land treatment, power and technology. (NA)
Students will know…
Students will understand that…
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
Required:
 devices are properly
 schematic symbols and
 interpret electrical system
Drafted July 1, 2015




computer experience
basic Math and ELA skills
basic speaking and
listening skills
basic collaboration tools

installed in electrical
circuits.
operating principles of
agricultural harvesting and
handling equipment.
Vocabulary:
 3-way switches
 4-way switches
 Bill-of-Materials
 branch circuits
 cable
 conduit
 control or common
terminal
 duplex receptacle
 amps
 volts
 watts


diagrams are used to
communicate electrical
plans.
the power equation is a
formula that defines the
relationship between watts,
amps, and volts.
it is important to be able to
read and draw sketches
and scale drawings.




symbols and diagrams.
(Electrical Systems)
(Structural Plans and
Building Codes)
discuss various types and
sources of electricity.
(Electrical Systems)
(Structural Plans and
Building Codes)
development of a cutting
list and/or a bill of
materials. (structural plans
and building codes)
(equipment service)
describe the operation and
preparation of agricultural
preparation, planting, and
harvesting equipment.
(equipment safety and use)
(Equipment service)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part design,
operation, and/or
maintenance project and
presentation of mechanical
systems.
PST.03: Service and repair mechanical equipment and power systems.
Students will know…
Students will understand that …
Students will be able to…
Prior Background Knowledge
Required:
 how to troubleshoot and
 The Law of Conservation of
 identify the kinds and
service mechanical systems.
Energy states that energy
applications of electricity,
 computer experience
cannot
be
created
nor
including direct and
 how to service and repair
 basic Math and ELA skills
destroyed.
alternating current. (Energy
steering, suspension,
 basic speaking and
Sources) (Electrical
traction
and
vehicle.

advantages
and
listening skills
Drafted July 1, 2015

basic collaboration tools

performance systems.
define hydraulics and
pneumatics and explain its
major operating systems.
disadvantages of hydraulic
and pneumatics systems
can be used to do work.


Vocabulary:
 Compression ratio
 electrons
 horsepower
 Law of Conservation of
Energy
 torque
Systems)
describe the primary
components of a hydraulic
and pneumatics system.
(Hydraulic and pneumatic
systems)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part service and/or
repair project and
presentation of mechanical
systems.
x
PST.04: Plan, build and maintain agricultural structures.
Students will know…
Prior Background Knowledge
Required:
 how to follow architectural
and mechanical plans to
 computer experience
construct and/or repair
 basic Math and ELA skills
equipment, buildings and
 basic speaking and
facilities.
listening skills

the reason for building
 basic collaboration tools
codes.
 how to select hand tools.
Vocabulary:
 amperes
 cubic foot
 multi-meter
 Ohm’s law
 power
 resistance
 square foot
Drafted July 1, 2015
Students will understand that …
 the amount of current in an
electrical circuit is directly
proportional to the voltage
applied across the circuit
and inversely proportional
to the resistance of the
circuit.
 concrete is a mixture of
coarse aggregate, fine
aggregate, portland
cement, and water.
 to calculate the amount of
concrete needed convert
the length, width, and
thickness into feet, multiply
them together, and divide
by 27.
 fuels, lubricants, and
Students will be able to…
 identify electricity
measurements and make
measurement calculations.
(Electrical Systems)
 calculate areas and
volumes for coatings.
(Structural Plans and
Building Codes)
 measure and calculate
materials for concrete,
brick, stone or masonry
units in agricultural
construction. (Structural
plans and building codes)
 measure and calculate
glass, rigid plastic panels
and film plastics for job
requirements. (Structural


voltage
watts
coolants are used in
agricultural equipment and
have a variety of
characteristics.





Drafted July 1, 2015
plans and building codes)
(Plant propagation)
explain the different types
of building codes.
(Structural Plans and
Building Codes)
identify and explain how to
use layout, cutting,
shaping, boring, holding,
turning, driving and
wrecking tools. (Hand and
Power tools)
describe the maintenance of
fuel, lubricant, and coolant
systems in agricultural
equipment. (equipment
service) (Lubrication)
(OSHA) (Equipment Safety
and Use)
describe how agricultural
equipment is calibrated and
maintained. (Equipment
safety and Use) (Equipment
service) (GPS)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part project and
presentation to plan, build,
and/or maintain an
agricultural structure.
PST.05: Apply technology principles in the use of agricultural technical systems.
Students will know…
Students will understand that …
Prior Background Knowledge
Required:
 the irrigation methods used
 generally, black and red
in agriculture.
conductors carry “hot”
 computer experience
power or current from the

the
types
of
sprayers
and
 basic Math and ELA skills
source (SEP) to the devices
their components.
 basic speaking and
within the circuit, white is
listening skills
neutral, and green is
Vocabulary:
 basic collaboration tools
ground.
 Geographic Information
 the National Electrical
System (GIS)
Code (NEC) provides the
 Global Positioning System
accepted set of guidelines
(GPS)
that should be followed
 GPS receiver system
when planning and
 grid
installing electricity.
 grounded conductor

precision farming is a site machinery controller
specific crop management
 precision farming
system based on the needs
 remote sensoring
of the land and technology.
 site-specific farming
 there are multiple systems
of land measurement and
legal description used in
the United States.
 precision farming increases
production efficiency,
promotes sustainable
agriculture, and protects
the environment.
Drafted July 1, 2015
Students will be able to…
 explain the operating
principles of irrigation
systems used in
agriculture. (irrigation)
 explain the operation of a
sprayer. (irrigation)
(Manage insects)
(Equipment service)
 use volt and amp meters
and continuity testers to
demonstrate electricity
principles. (Electrical
systems) (energy Sources)
 identify hazards and safety
practices in planning,
installing and using
mechanical systems.
(Energy Sources)
(Equipment Safety and
Use) (Equipment service)
(Hand and Power Tools)
(OSHA)
 explain the purpose of land
measurement and legal
descriptions. (technological
and mathematical
mapping) (Cartographic
skills) (Measure and survey
natural resources) (GPS)
 identify uses, components
and setup of precision
technology in agriculture,
food and natural resources.



Drafted July 1, 2015
(GPS)
describe principles of
precision agriculture for
map-and sensor-based
systems. (Cartographic
skills) (Measure and survey
natural resources) (GPS)
(Technological and
Mathematical Mapping)
explain the safety practices
for pneumatics.
(Hydraulics and
pneumatics) (OSHA)
prepare and deliver a
multi-part application of
technological principals
through a project and
presentation .