Supplemental Table 1: Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium Participating Institutions Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA* H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL Hollings Cancer Center at the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC Jonsson Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA* MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY* National Cancer Institute intramural program, Bethesda, MD* University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburg, PA Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, MD Simmons Cancer Center at the University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO* Vanderbilt-Ingram Medical Center, Nashville, TN Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GE* * Centers performing FISH testing. Their respective testing facilities are as follows: Colorado Molecular Correlates at the University of Colorado, Department of Pathology at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Oncology Cytogenetics of the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Emory University Hospital, and the Chromosome Pathology Unit (CPU) of the Laboratory of Pathology (CCR) at the National Cancer Institute. Supplemental Table 2. List of the 97 small mutations evaluated in LCMC. Variant Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 Site 6 AKT1_c.49G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes BRAF_c.1397G.T Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes BRAF_c.1406G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes BRAF_c.1406G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes BRAF_c.1406G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes BRAF_c.1781A.G No No Yes Yes No No BRAF_c.1781A.T No No Yes Yes No No BRAF_c.1789C.G Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes BRAF_c.1790T.G No No No Yes No No BRAF_c.1798G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes No No BRAF_c.1799T.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_c.2125_2127GAA.CAT Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2125G.A Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2126A.C Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2126A.G Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2126A.T Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2155G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_c.2155G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_c.2156G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_c.2156G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_c.2281G.T Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2303G.T Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2326C.T Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2327G.A Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2369C.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_c.2560A.G Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2572C.A Yes No Yes Yes Yes No EGFR_c.2573T.G Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Variant Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 Site 6 EGFR_c.2582T.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_exon.19.del Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes EGFR_exon.20.ins Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ERBB2_c.2264T.C No No Yes Yes No No ERBB2_c.2305G.C No No Yes Yes No No ERBB2_c.2329G.A No No Yes Yes No No ERBB2_c.2329G.T No No Yes Yes No No ERBB2_ins.A775 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.34G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.34G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.34G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.35G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.35G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.35G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.37G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.37G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.37G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.38G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.38G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.38G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c180.181TC.CA Yes No Yes Yes Yes No KRAS_c.181C.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.181C.G Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.182A.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.182A.G Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.182A.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.183A.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.183A.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes KRAS_c.436G.A Yes No Yes Yes No No Variant Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 Site 6 KRAS_c.436G.C Yes No Yes Yes No No KRAS_c.437C.T Yes No Yes Yes No No MEK1_c.167A.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes MEK1_c.171G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes MEK1_c.199G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes NRAS_c.34G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.34G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.34G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.35G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.35G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.35G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.37G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.37G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.37G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.38G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.38G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.38G.T Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.181C.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes NRAS_c.181C.G Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes NRAS_c.182A.C Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes NRAS_c.182A.G Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes NRAS_c.182A.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes NRAS_c.183A.C Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.183A.G Yes Yes Yes Yes No No NRAS_c.183A.T Yes Yes Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.263G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.1035T.A No No Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.1035T.G No No Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.1258T.C No No Yes Yes No No Variant Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5 Site 6 PIK3CA_c.1624G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PIK3CA_c.1624G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes PIK3CA_c.1633G.A Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PIK3CA_c.1633G.C Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PIK3CA_c.1634A.C No No Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.1634A.G No No Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.1635G.T No No Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.3129G.T No No Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.3139C.T Yes Yes Yes Yes No No PIK3CA_c.3140A.G Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes PIK3CA_c.3140A.T Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Total evaluated per site 83 68 94 97 58 50 Supplemental Table 3. Genomic alterations in the validation cohort Validation Samples Genetic Change(s) Cell line samples 22 RVI PIK3CA c.1637A>G (p.Q546R) A549 KRAS c.34G>A (p.G12S) BFTC 905 NRAS c.182A>T (p.Q61L) BFTC 909 PIK3CA c.1633G>A (p.E545K) CAL-51 PIK3CA c.1624G>A (p.E542K) CAL 62 KRAS c.34G>C (p.G12R) HEC-1 KRAS c.35G>A (p.G12D); PIK3CA c.3145G>C (p.G1049R) HMV-II NRAS c.181C>A (p.Q61K) KYSE-410 KRAS c.34G>T (p.G12C) LoVo KRAS c.38G>A (p.G13D) MFE-280 PIK3CA c.3139C>T (p.H1047Y) NCI-H1437 MAP2K1 (MEK1) c.167A>C (p.Q56P) NCI-H1666 BRAF c.1397G>T (p.G466V) NCI-H1734 KRAS c.37G>T (p.G13C) NCI-H1975 EGFR c.2369C>T (p.T790M); EGFR c.2573T>G (p.L858R) PC-9* EGFR c.2235_2249del15 (p.E746_A750del) SNG-M KRAS c.35G>T (p.G12V); PIK3CA c.263G>A (p.R88Q) SW48 EGFR c.2155G>A (p.G719S) Patient samples from FFPE DNA 1 AKT1 c.49G>A (p.E17K) DNA 7 BRAF c.1799T>A (p.V600E) DNA 8 EGFR c.2236_50del15 (p.E746_A750del) DNA 17 EGFR Exon 19, 15 bp deletion DNA 19 EGFR Exon 20, 9 bp insertion DNA 24 ERBB2 exon 20, 12bp insertion DNA 26 PIK3CA c.1636C>A (p.Q546K) DNA 31 DNA 32 Patient samples for FISH ALK A PIK3CA c.3140A>G (p.H1047R) PIK3CA c.3140A>T (p.H1047L) ALK C Positive for ALK rearrangement ALK D Positive for ALK rearrangement ALK E Positive for ALK rearrangement ALK F Negative for ALK rearrangement ALK G Negative for ALK rearrangement ALK J Negative for ALK rearrangement ALK L Negative for ALK rearrangement ALK M Negative for ALK rearrangement MET A Negative for MET amplification MET E Negative for MET amplification *Previous name: PC-14 Positive for ALK rearrangement Supplemental Table 4. Analysis of mutation frequency for EGFR and KRAS, according to specimen type. Subset Biopsy Cytology Surgical p-value KRAS genotyping completed (n=981) n= 297 n= 143 n= 391 KRAS positive call rate 23% (68) 22% (31) 30% (117) 0.05 (proportion of cases detected with KRAS mutation) EGFR genotyping completed (n=987) n= 299 n= 142 n= 394 EGFR positive call rate 24% (73) 29% (41) 20% (79) 0.08 (proportion of cases detected with EGFR mutation) Note that a number of specimens were of unspecified type, and are not included here. Supplemental Table 5. Proficiency Testing Summary. The site that coordinated testing was excluded from analyses. Proficiency Samples M U T A T I O N F I S H Expected Result 1 2 3* 4** 5 NA NA NA NA NA DNA 36 No consensus DNA 53 PIK3CA c.1624G>A Pass Pass NT Pass Pass DNA 54 PIK3CA c.1633G>A Pass Pass NT Pass Pass DNA 56 KRAS c.34G>C PIK3CA c.3140A>G Pass Pass NT Pass Pass DNA 59 KRAS c.38G>A Pass Pass NT Pass Pass ALK B Positive Pass Pass Pass NT Pass ALK H Negative Pass Pass Pass NT Pass MET C Negative Pass Pass Pass NT Pass MET G Negative Pass Pass Pass NT Pass *Site 3 was unable to process the mutation proficiency samples due to insufficient material; **Site 4 did not participate in FISH testing and therefore was not assessed for FISH proficiency NA: not applicable; NT: not tested Supplemental Table 7. Association between mutations and histologic subtype in surgical specimens. Mutation Status Predominant histological subtype Acinar Lepidic EGFR* n=199 n=4 Negative 75% (149) 100% (4) Positive 25% (50) 0% (0) KRAS** n=196 n=4 Negative 68% (133) 25% (1) Positive 32% (63) 75% (3) * In specimens assayed for EGFR mutation ** In specimens assayed for KRAS mutation p-value Micropapillary. Papillary Solid n=3 100% (3) 0% (0) n=3 67% (2) 33% (1) n=17 71% (12) 29% (5) n=17 88% (15) 12% (2) n=165 86% (142) 14% (23) n=165 72% (118) 28% (47) 0.05 0.13