Biology 123 Dr. Raut’s Class
Mock Exam 1- 2/1/2015
1. Which of the following is/are characteristics of life?
A) adaptation
B) consuming oxygen
C) reproduction
D) A and C
E) all of the above
2. Which of the following correctly represents the order of the biological hierarchy from most
complex to least complex?
A) biosphere, ecosystem, population, community, organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell,
B) atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
C) biosphere, ecosystem, communities, population, organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
D) population, organism, tissue, organ, cell, macromolecule, organelle
E) biosphere, community, population, organism, cell, tissue, molecule
3. True or false: All organisms interact with both abiotic and biotic factors.
4. A man’s anterior pituitary gland produces luteinizing hormone, which by a series of events
triggers the production of testosterone. Testosterone then goes to the anterior pituitary gland and
decreases the production of luteinizing hormone. This is an example of a
A) positive feedback system
B) negative feedback system
C) systems biology
D) A and B
E) none of the above.
5. Which of the following statements regarding energy transfer and transformation is not true?
A) Some energy is always loss in the form of heat.
B) Food is taken in in the form of chemical energy.
C) During energy transformation, we are able to extract 100% of the energy.
D) None of the above are true.
E) All of the above are true.
6. Upon examining some pond water, you discover a unicellular organism with a nucleus,
chloroplast, and several other membrane bound organelles. How would you classify this
organism?
A) a bacteria
B) a protest
C) a plant
D) a member of the domain Eukarya
E) more than one above
7. something about a sound hypothesis or a control group
8. Considering the following atom, 157N, what is the appropriate number of protons, neutrons,
and electrons (in that order)?
A) 7, 7, 8
B) 8, 8, 7
C) 7, 8, 11
D) 7, 8, 7
E) The answer cannot be determined from the given information.
9. Which of the following is not true?
A) Covalent bonds are always the result of equal sharing of electrons.
B) In an ionic bond, one atom donates its electrons to another.
C) Weak bonds are interactions between atoms on different molecules.
D) Hydrogen bonds are a force of attraction between a hydrogen that is covalently bonded to an
electronegative atom and an electronegative atom outside of the molecule.
E) All of the above are true.
10. What is not true about isotopes?
A) They have the same number of protons.
B) They are often positive or negative.
C) They may be radioactive.
D) They have a different number of neutrons.
E) All of the above are true.
11. Which of the following are true about the valence shell?
A) It is the outermost shell of electrons.
B) It always has eight electrons.
C) Electrons are donated to or from this shell in an ionic bond.
D) A and C.
E) All of the above.
12. What is an emergent property of water?
A) Cohesive behavior
B) Versatility as a solvent
C) Expansion upon freezing
D) Ability to moderate temperatures
E) All of the above
13. Water moderates temperatures by
A) absorbing heat from warm air
B) releasing heat into cool air
C) having a high specific heat
D) cohesion
E) A, B, and C
14. How many grams of sucrose (table sugar) would one need to make 1.5 L of a 1 M solution of
the molecule? (MW of sucrose = 342.3 g/mol)
A) 342.3
B) 1.5
C) 513.4
D) 684.6
E) 228.2
15. Which of the following abilities of water is not due to hydrogen bonding?
A) Cohesion
B) Temperature moderation
C) Ice expanding
D) Formation of a hydration shell
E) All of the above are due to hydrogen bonding.
16. Why will a can of soda explode in the freezer?
A) carbonation exceeds limited space
B) water forms crystalline structure
C) water expands as its hydrogen bonds space out and solidify
D) B and C only
E) all of the above
17. Which of the following are soluble in water?
A) polar molecules
B) non-polar molecules
C) glucose
D) Ions
E) A, C, and D
18. If a solution is decreased from a pH of 9 to a pH of 6, then the
A) concentration of H+ is 3 times greater than it was.
B) concentration of H+ is 1,000 times greater than it was.
C) concentration of H+ is 3 times less than it was.
D) concentration of OH- is 3 times less than it was.
E) concentration of OH- is 1,000 greater than it was.
19. One of the buffers that contribute to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H2CO3).
Carbonic acid is a weak acid that dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and a hydrogen ion
(H+). Thus,
H2CO3 ⇔ HCO3- + H+
If the pH of the blood drops, one would expect
A) a decrease in the concentration of H2CO3 and an increase in the concentration of HCO3-.
B) the concentration of hydroxide ion (OH-) to increase.
C) the concentration of bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) to increase.
D) the HCO3- to act as a base and remove excess H+ with the formation of H2CO3.
E) the HCO3- to act as an acid and remove excess H+ with the formation of H2CO3.
20. What functional groups does the molecule below have?
A) hydroxyl group
B) carbonyl group
C) ketone group
D) methyl group
E) A, B, and C
21. What type of isomer is found in the below molecules?
A) structural isomers
B) cis-trans isomers
C) enantiomers
D) A and B
E) The two molecules above are not isomers
22. True or false: Since enantiomers have the same bonding with only different special
arrangement, they are almost identical and work the same in the body.
23. A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When
placed in water it
A) would function only as an acid because of the carboxyl group.
B) would function only as a base because of the amino group.
C) would function as neither an acid nor a base.
D) would function as both an acid and a base.
E) is impossible to determine how it would function.
24. What happens when an ATP reacts with water and loses a phosphate group?
A) ADP is formed
B) Energy is required for the reaction to proceed
C) Energy is released in the reaction
D) AMP is formed
E) A and C
25. How are monomers connected to make macromolecules?
A) A dehydration reaction
B) hydrolysis
C) Adding a water molecule to the monomers
D) B and C
E) All of the above
26. Which of the following are always in a simple sugar?
A) a hydroxyl group
B) a carbonyl group
C) either a ketone or an aldehyde
D) at least three carbons
E) All of the above
27. Which of the following is not a function of sugar?
A) They can serve as energy storage.
B) They can be metabolized to release energy.
C) They are used in building proteins.
D) They can be used for structure.
E) All of the above are functions of sugar.
28. Why can we digest starch but not cellulose?
A) Because starch is a sugar and cellulose is not.
B) Because starch is made out of glucose and cellulose is made out of fructose.
C) Because strands of cellulose are would into microfibrils.
D) Because starch is made out of alpha glucose and cellulose is made out of beta glucose.
E) Because starch is a monomer and cellulose is a polymer.
29. Which of the following is not considered a polymer?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Lipids
C) Proteins
D) Nucleic acids
E) All of the above are polymers.
30. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?
A) Lipids insulate animals.
B) Lipids help to give women their shape.
C) Lipids cushion important organs
D) Lipids are vital to the cell membrane.
E) All of the above are functions of lipids.
31. What is the difference in saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
A) Saturated fatty acids have oxygen, while unsaturated fatty acids do not.
B) Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds.
C) Saturated fatty acids have a methyl group, while unsaturated fatty acids do not.
D) Saturated fatty acids are in triglycerides, while unsaturated fatty acids are in phospholipids.
E) None of the above.
32. What is the following compound?
A) a lipid
B) a sugar
C) a steroid
D) A and C
E) All of the above
33. Which of the following is not considered a lipid?
A) steroids
B) triglycerides
C) nucleic acids
D) fatty acids
E) phospholipids
34. Which of the following components does an amino acid always have?
A) an amino group
B) a carboxyl group
C) an R group that varies between amino acids
D) only A and B
E) All of the above.
35. Which contains the most energy?
A) carbohydrates
B) proteins
C) nucleic acids
D) lipids
E) They all contain equal energy.
36. Which of the following is not a function of a protein?
A) Proteins act as enzymes which catalyze biological reactions.
B) Proteins hold hereditary information.
C) Proteins act as hormones.
D) Proteins transport substances.
E) Proteins protect against disease.
37. Which of the following does not involve R group interactions in proteins?
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure
E) Both A and B.
38. Which of the following is paired correctly?
A) carbohydrates- glycosidic linkages
B) proteins- peptide bonds
C) lipids- ester linkages
D) nucleic acids- phosphodiester bonds
E) All of the above
39. Which of the following is not true regarding nucleic acids?
A) DNA has deoxyribose sugar and RNA has ribose sugar
B) a nucleic acid is made out of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
C) the two strands of DNA are held together by covalent bonding
D) The two strands of DNA run antiparallel, 5’->3’ and 3’->5’
E) There always must be one purine and one pyrimidine in a complementary pair
40. When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells, they most likely would use
A) a light microscope.
B) a scanning electron microscope.
C) a transmission electronic microscope.
D) A and C only
E) A, B, and C
41. Which of the following does not contain functional ribosomes?
A) animal mitochondria
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) chloroplasts
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum
E) plant mitochondria
42. Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of lipids, detoxifying the body, and
metabolizing carbohydrates?
A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B) Peroxisome
C) Nucleus
D) Golgi apparatus
E) Lysosome
43. Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi apparatus?
A) receiving products from the endoplasmic reticulum
B) modifying molecules and macromolecules
C) sending products to the plasma membrane or to other organelles
D) putting chemical identifiers onto products to let the cell know where the product needs to go
E) making sugars from scratch
44. Which of the following is a function of a lysosome?
A) carrying out apoptosis
B) breaking down damaged organelles
C) phagocytosis
D) B and C
E) All of the above.
45. Of the following, which is probably the most common route for membrane flow in the
endomembrane system?
A) Golgi → lysosome → ER → plasma membrane
B) tonoplast → plasma membrane → nuclear envelope → smooth ER
C) nuclear envelope → lysosome → Golgi → plasma membrane
D) rough ER → vesicles → Golgi → vesicles → plasma membrane
E) ER → chloroplasts → mitochondrion → cell membrane
46. What is the main purpose of a central vacuole?
A) to ensure that the plant’s solute concentrations stay at the appropriate level
B) to help the cell increase in size
C) to pump water out of the cell when needed
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
47. Which of the following is not true regarding mitochondria?
A) Mitochondria provide surface area for protein synthesis.
B) Mitochondria have an inner and outer membrane, as well as an intermembrane space.
C) Mitochondria have both cristae and a matrix.
D) Mitochondria’s main function is to make ATP.
E) Mitochondria have ribosomes and DNA in their matrix.
48. True or false: Mitochondria are only present in animal cells.
49. Which fiber in the cytoskeleton is responsible for maintaining cell shape?
A) microtubules
B) intermediate filaments
C) microfilaments
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
50. Which of the following is not true regarding the extracellular matrix?
A) It is made mostly out of glycoproteins.
B) It connects to integrins, which are proteins that span the plasma membrane and connect to the
cytoskeleton.
C) It connects cells to each other.
D) It helps to hold up the cell.
E) It allows signals from outside of the cell to be sent into the cell.
51. Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent
cell through
A) plasmodesmata.
B) intermediate filaments.
C) tight junctions.
D) desmosomes.
E) gap junctions.