**Please complete this Test Review and turn
It in by Friday, May 9, 2014 for Extra Credit
Name: Answer key
Period: ______________________
Unit 11: Genetics
Test Review
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Define the following terms in your own words:
a. Heredity: The passing of traits from generation to generation.
b. Asexual Reproduction: A form of reproduction that involves only one parent. All of the offspring will be
exact copies of the parent
c. Sexual Reproduction: A form of reproduction involves two parents. All of the offspring will be different
because the DNA from both parents will mix and match to make different combinations of DNA.
d. Dominant: The trait that covers up another trait (bully). This trait needs only one allele to show.
e. Recessive: The trait that is covered up the dominant trait (hides). This trait will only show if paired with
another copy of the trait.
f. gene: A small segment of DNA that codes for a trait.
g. budding: A form of asexual reproduction that involves the growth of an organism from the side of the
parent.
h. Chromosome: A strand of DNA that has been coiled up. The form used to store DNA (how do we store
Christmas lights?)
i. Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism. (the letters ex. RR or Tt)
j. Phenotype: The physical appearance of an organism. (color, size, shape ex. Blue, Tall, Round)
An offspring receives _2___ genes for each trait.
Name 2 learned behaviors:
a. Language
b. Walking
Sexual reproduction results in offspring that are ( identical or different ) to the parent.
Being able to roll your tongue is dominant (R) and not being able to roll your tongue in recessive (r). If a mother
can roll her tongue and a father cannot roll his tongue what are their possible genotypes?
a. Mother: RR or Rr
b. Father: rr
A mother cat who is black has a litter of kittens that are all different colors of tabby stripped. Is this possible
because of Asexual or Sexual reproduction? Why? This occurred because of sexual reproduction. Sexual
reproduction leads to a variety of offspring because combinations were made from both parents’ DNA.
How many parents are necessary for Asexual Reproduction? 1
How many parents are necessary for Sexual Reproduction? 2
If Ms. McDonald asked you to draw a simple picture on a paper and then asked you to trace that picture on to a
different sheet of paper, what type of reproduction would this represent? Why? The tracing would represent
asexual reproduction because you are copying the original picture.
If most of the class has brown eyes and only a few students have blue eyes, what do you think can be said about
blue eyes? Why? Blue eyes are recessive because only a few students had the trait. A recessive trait has to have
two copies of the trait in order to show.
What do you think can be said about brown eyes? Why? Brown eyes are dominant because the majority of the
students had that trait. A dominant trait only needs one of the genes in order to be seen.
**Please complete this Test Review and turn
Name: Answer key
It in by Friday, May 9, 2014 for Extra Credit
Period: ______________________
11. What is a disadvantage to reproducing asexually? Why? A disadvantage of reproducing asexually is that there is
low genetic variation. (all the offspring are the same as parents – no variety)
12. What is an advantage to reproducing sexually? Why? An advantage to reproducing sexually is that there is high
genetic variation (offspring are different). The variation is high because of all the possible combinations of
parental DNA.
13. Following asexual reproduction, the offspring will have the ( same or different ) number of genes? Why?
The offspring will have the same number of genes because they are exact copies to the parent.
14. Name 2 forms of asexual reproduction.
a. Binary Fission
b. Budding
15. What cell organelle stores genetic information? Nucleus
16. Rank the terms so that they show the correct organization of genetic material (smallest to largest)
TERMS: Cell, DNA, Gene, Nucleus, Chromosome
Gene  DNA  Chromosome Nucleus  Cell