Name: ____________________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ________
Chapter 19 Study Guide
1. At room temperature, most metals are ______________________.
2. The process by which a substance changes from a solid directly to a gas is __________________________.
3. Elements that form salts by combining with metals are ________________________.
4. Substances that conduct electricity only under certain conditions are ______________________________.
5. Different forms of the same element are called _________________________________.
6. The allotrope of carbon that is soft and can be used as a lubricant is ____________________________.
7. The allotrope of carbon that is hard and often used in jewelry is ______________________________.
8. Why is hydrogen grouped with the alkali metals? _______________________________________________
9. Group whose gaseous elements exist in a diatomic state: ________________________________
10. When hydrogen reacts with active metals, it forms a bond by _____________________________________.
11. Groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table are the _____________________________________________.
12. The group of elements that has two outer electrons is the ________________________________________.
13. Metals can be used as wire because they are ___________________________.
14. When outer electrons are not held tightly and can move from atom to atom, it is a ________________ bond.
15. Bromine is the only nonmetal that is a ___________________.
16. The only metal that is a liquid at room temperature is _______________________.
17. A synthetic element used in smoke detectors is ______________________________.
18. All synthetic elements are ________________________________.
19. Elements with atomic numbers greater than uranium are called ___________________________ elements.
20. Noble gases are in group _______.
21. Elements that lie along the stair-step line of the periodic table are called __________________________.
22. Solid metals appear to be _______________.
23. The most reactive metals are the ________________________________________.
24. Most of the ______________________________ are radioactive.
25. Elements that create brightly colored compounds are ________________________________________.
26. When mining for metals, the ___________ is first dug from the ground, and is then separated and purified.
27. Humans are made mostly of ____________________.
28. 90% of the universe is the element ________________________.
29. The most chemically reactive of all elements is _______________________.
30. Element whose compounds are used to disinfect water and in bleach: _____________________.
31. Elements used as components of fireworks: ________________________________________________.
32. Elements used in lasers and neon lights: _________________________________.
33. Elements used in movie-making equipment and components in televisions: _________________________.
34. Metalloid found most abundantly in sand: ___________________________.
35. Elements used in medicines and batteries; some are essential nutrients: _____________________________.
36. Main component of air: ________________________________.
37. Nutrient essential to the function of the thyroid: ______________________________.
38. Most abundant metal on Earth: _________________________.
39. Elements used in coins and jewelry: ___________________, ____________________, _______________.
40. Element whose compounds prevent tooth decay: _____________________________.
41. Toxic metal: ______________________
42. Elements used in steel: _______________, _______________________, ______________________.
43. Element used in matches, fertilizer, and water softeners: ______________________________.
44. Element used in nuclear reactors and weapons: ___________________________________.
45. Element whose compounds are used in jet & rocket fuel and as a laundry additive: __________________.
46. Elements used to plate other metals and in batteries: ______________, ___________________________.
Answer Key
24. actinides
1. solid
25. transition metals
2. sublimation
26. ore
3. halogens
27. Oxygen
4. semiconductors
28. Hydrogen
5. allotropes
29. Fluorine
6. graphite
30. Chlorine
7. diamonds
31. alkaline earth metals
8. it has one outer electron
32. noble gases
9. halogens
33. lanthanides
10. it gains one electron
34. Silicon
11. transition metals
35. alkali metals
12. alkaline earth metals
36. Nitrogen
13. ductile
37. Iodine
14. metallic
38. Aluminum
15. liquid
39. Copper, Silver, Gold
16. Mercury
40. Fluorine
17. Americium
41. Lead
18. radioactive
42. Iron, Cobalt, Nickel
19. transuranium
43. Phosphorus
20. 18
44. Uranium
21. metalloids
45. Boron
22. shiny
46. Zinc, Cadmium
23. alkali metals