Directed Reading Ch. 28
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What are the 3 distinct regions of the kidney?
What hormone determines the final dilution or concentration of the urine?
What lab tests are used to evaluate renal function?
What are “normal” levels of protein, glucose, ketones and bacteria in the urine?
What does erythropoietin do?
What affect does an increase in renin have on blood pressure?
Where in the kidneys does filtration occur?
Urine is formed by the process of what 3 steps?
What is an intravenous pyelography?
What is a cystoscopy?
Directed Reading Ch. 29
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 Urinary Tract Infections pgs. 746-750
 Glomerulonephritis pgs. 750-756
 Kidney stones pgs. 756 – 760
 Cancer pgs. 761 – 767
 Renal failure pgs. 767-777
Differentiate between cystitis and pyelonephritis.
What is the most common pathogen that causes cystitis? How does it get into the bladder?
What are the risk factors associated with pyelonephritis?
How many UTI’s in a sexually active female is considered within normal limits
What are women more prone to UTI’s than men?
What is the most common urinary analgesic (to treat UTI pain)
What nursing responsibilities are associated with the above medication?
What affect does glomerulonephritis have on GFR?
What changes in a person’s urinalysis would you expect to see in a client with glomerulonephritis?
What is the most obvious sign or symptoms of nephrotic syndrome
What type of dietary changes do you expect a doctor to make for a patient with nephrotic syndrome
What are the most kidney stones made from?
What are the risk factors for kidney stones
Where in the urinary tract do kidney stones form
What is the main dietary modification implemented to prevent the formation of kidney stones?
What type of medication are given to patients with kidney stones
What diagnostic test is does with a patient with kidney stones
What is the most common cause of ARF?
What are the manifestations of ARF?
What is the leading cause of death in CRF
What is critical to remember about medications and ARF / CRF?
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What medication re prescribed for a patient with hypertension and ARF/CRF?
What nursing restriction re there for eth arm of a patient with a dialysis graft or shunt?
Where is the most common site for urinary tract cancer?
What is the major risk factor/ carcinogen for cancer of the urinary tract?
What is the most common initial manifestation of bladder cancer?
What diagnostic tests are used to diagnoses bladder cancer?
How is bladder cancer usually treated?
What type of surgery is often performed on a patient with bladder cancer?