Unit 1
1. The father of Medicine
 Hippocrates
2. What is a tort?
 Any civil wrong or something someone can be sued for
3. Created for electronic health care transactions and implementation of confidentiality
guidelines
 HIPPA
4. The characteristic of a health care worker that means to relate to another person- walk in
their shoes
 Empathy
5. Health Care Facility which provides care for patients that have 6 months or less to live
 Hospice
6. Type of insurance that companies contract with physicians to provide care at a reduced cost
Also physicians work out of own private offices and are paid when insured receives care
 PPO- Preferred Provider Organizations (HMO are the other kind )
7. Developed a vaccine for small pox
 Edward Jenner
8. Invented bifocals for glasses
 Ben Franklin
9. Founded the American Red Cross
 Clara Barton
10. Started using disinfectants and antiseptics to prevent infection
 Joseph Lister
11. Touching someone without permission
 Battery
12. Standards that morally decide right from wrong
 Ethics
13. Name the 4 pathways of Health Science
 Diagnostic and therapeutic, Health Informations, Support Services, Biotechnology
14. Standard unit of volume
 Liter (length=meter and mass=gram)
Unit 2
15. The skeletal system produces blood cells, what is the term that describes this process
 Hematopoeisis
16. Name two types of joints
 Ball and socket, Hinge, gliding
17. The lateral curvature of the spine
 Scoliosis
18. The destruction of cartilage of joints
 Osteoarthritis
19. Broken bones are called:
 Fractures
20. Name the three parts of the sternum
 Xyphoid process, manubrum, and body
21. Name the three parts of the pelvis
 Ilium, ischium, pubis
22. The shin bone is known as:
 Tibia
23. The forearm bone on the thumb side is known as
 Radius
24. List 3 functions of the muscular system
 Thermogenesis (production of heat, movement, posture, protection
25. The type of muscle tissue that is involuntary, striated and contains intercalated discs:
 Cardiac muscle tissue
26. The type of muscle tissue that is lines the GI tract, blood vessels and hollow organs and is
involuntary and not stratied
 Smooth muscle tissue
27. The muscles on the front of your thigh are called
 Quadriceps
28. The calf muscle is known as:
 Gastrocnemious
29. The muscle that makes up your shoulder
 Deltoid
30. The injury that can be classified as 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree and is described as stretching of a
ligament
 Sprain
31. Connects muscle to bone
 Tendon
32. Pertaining to the chest
 Thoracic
33. List the layers of the skin from superficial to deep
 Epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous
34. Which layer of the skin is avascular (no blood supply)
 Epidermis
35. An oil gland surrounds the hair shaft and are known as what type of glands?
 Sebaceous
36. The inflammation of sebaceous glands results in what condition?
 Acne
37. List 3 functions of the Integumentary system.

Protection, make Vit D, Receive stimulus, temperature regulation and protect from UV
rays
38. What is the medical term for fungus?
 Tinea
39. The most serious type of skin cancer is known as:
 Melanoma (Basal is most common and least serious)
40. What does the abbreviation PT stand for?
 Physical Therapist
Unit 3
41. List 3 things the circulatory system delivers throughout the body
 Oxygen, hormones, nutrients, antibodies
42. The outer layer of the heart (sac it sits in)
 Pericardium
43. An irregular heart rate
 Arrhythemia
44. An incomplete closure of a valve resulting in the backflow of blood
 Murmur
45. A rapid fluttering of the heart
 Palpitation
46. Incomplete closure of the valves in the veins= distended veins
 Varicose veins
47. The bulk of the heart- muscle part
 Myocardium
48. The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
 Tricuspid valve
49. Pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body (largest chamber in heart)
 Left Ventricle
50. Brings deoxygenated blood to the right ventricle
 Vena Cava
51. Where does blood go after it leaves the right atrium?
 Pulmonary Semilunar Valve then the Pulmonary Trunk then the Pulmonary Artery
52. How does blood return from the lungs?
 Pulmonary Vein
53. Four parts of blood
 Red blood cells, White blood cells, Platelets and Plasma
54. Responsible for carrying oxygen
 RBC or erythrocytes
55. Carry blood away from heart
 Arteries
56. Medical term for high blood pressure
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 Hypertension
This is caused when an coronary artery is blocked or clogged
 MI (myocardial infarction)
Fatty deposits on arterial walls- cause artery to become hard
 Atherosclerosis
When the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen is decreased
 Anemia
Any disease casing agent
 Pathogen
Chemical on WBC to fight antigens
 Antibody
Lymphoid tissue on either side of throat
 Tonsils
Filter and trap foreign particles, found throughout the body
 Lymph nodes
Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder where immune cells attack healthy tissue
 Lupus
Disease caused by Epstein Bar, transmitted in saliva
 Mononucleosis
What causes AIDS?
 HIV (Human Immunodeficiency virus)
 Blood, Semen, Vaginal Fluids, Breast Milk
What does EKG stand for?
 Electrocardiogram
What does CBC stand for?
 Complete blood count
A high pitched sound caused by an obstruction
 Stridor
What is an epistaxis?
 Nosebleed
Hyperventilation is breathing too fast, it is caused by?
 Decreased amount of carbon dioxide in body
List the parts of the pharynx
 Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngpharynx
What is the piece of cartilage that lies on top of the larynx?
 Epiglottis
What is the name of the voice box?
 Larynx
What is the name of the windpipe?
 Trachea
Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide happen?
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 Alveoli
The trachea splits into what structure?
 Bronchi
What is the name of the common cold?
 Coryza
Reversible airway obstruction usually caused by allergies and characterized by wheezing
 Asthma
Contagious disease, spread by droplets in air, bacteria destroys lung tissue and replaces it with
connective tissue
 TB
Sudden onset of signs and symptoms including high fever, headach, dry cough, sore throat,
nausea
 Influenza
Unit 4
82. Glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood
 Endocrine
83. Pea shaped gland located on underside of brain
 Pituitary
84. List 2 hormones the pancreas secretes
 Insulin- to decrease blood sugar
 Glucagon- to increase blood sugar
85. Where is the pancreas located?
 Behind stomach
86. What gland secretes the Growth Hormone?
 Pituitary
87. Located in throat and controls bodies metabolism
 Thyroid
88. Secretes cortisol- the stress hormone.
 Adrenal glands
89. List 5 symptoms of Hypothyroidism
 Weakness, fatigue, cold intolerance, weight gain, dry skin, brittle hair, joint pain,
menstrual irregularities, decrease smell/taste
90. Enlargement of thyroid gland
 Goiter
91. List 5 symptoms of diabetes
 Can not produce enough insulin, increase thirst, hunger and urination, weight loss,
decrease appetite, nausea, vomiting
92. Which type of diabetes can be treated with diet and exercise
 Type 2 (type 1 can not make enough insulin so treatment is insulin injections)
93. 3 functions of the Nervous System
 Sensation (feel) , Movement and Coordination
94. Largest part of brain
 Cerebrum
95. What makes up the Central Nervous System (CNS)
 Brain and Spinal Cord
96. Controls heart rate, breathing
 Brain Stem
97. Fluid which surrounds the brain and spinal cord (CNS) and provides protection and nutrients
 Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
98. Cover the brain and spinal cord
 Meninges
99. Basic unit of the nervous system
 Nerves- or Neurons
100.
List the three basic parts of the neuron
 Axon, dendrite and cell body
101.
Which lobe in cerebrum is responsible for vision
 Occipital
102.
Which lobe in cerebrum is responsible for interpreting pressure
 Parital
103.
Which part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination
 Cerebellum
104.
Disorder characterized by seizures-excitable electrical impulses in brain
 Epilepsy
105.
Interruption of blood to the brain also called a stroke
 Cerebral Vascular Accident
106.
Inflammation of brain and spinal cord coverings
 Meningitis
107.
Automatic reactions to stimuli
 Reflexes
108.
List parts of middle ear.
 Tympanic Membrane, Middle ear bones (incus, stapes, malleus)
109.
What is the term that is known as the ear drum?
 Tympanic Membrane
110.
Where are nerve impulses generated in the ear?
 Organ of Corti
111.
The colored part of the eye is known as:
 Iris
112.
The white of the eye is known as:
 Scelera
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The muscular part of the eye that contract and dilates to let light in.
 Iris
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Nerve impulses are generated here in the eye- the most inner part of the eye
Retina
Clear window in front of the eye
Cornea
Transparent structure behind the iris and pupil
Lens
What are the nerve impulses generate in the nose?
Olfactory bulb
What are stimulated by chemicals on the tounge?
Taste Buds
The term that is known as nearsighted is:
Myopia (hyperopia is farsighted)
Conjunctivitis is more commonly known as
Pink Eye
Otitis Media is more commonly known as;
A middle ear infection
What is the term for ringing in the ears?
Tinnitus
Sensation of spinning or dizziness
Vertigo
Unit 5
124.
Movement of molecules (like nutrients )from mucosal lining (like the small intestines)
into the blood
 Absorption
125.
Where chemical and mechanical digestion begins
 Mouth
126.
After a chewed up food leaves the esophagus where does it go?
 Stomach
127.
What is mechanical digestion called in the stomach?
 Maceration
128.
Where does absorption of nutrients occur in the digestive track?
 Small Intestines- specifically the jejunum
129.
Where does the majority of chemical digestion occur?
 Duodenum
130.
What structure transports food, air and liquid
 Pharynx
131.
What are the three parts of the small intestine in order?
 Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
132.
List 2 functions of the large intestine.
 absorption of water, vitamins, electrolytes, production of vitamin K, and formation of feces
133.
What is the final structure that of the large intestine that temporally stores feces?
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134.
Colon cancer is believed to develop from what small tumors?
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135.
Rectum
Polyps
If you have a benign tumor what does that mean?
 Non cancerous- malignant is the type of tumor that is cancerous and spreads
136.
Inflammation of the digestive track, usually the ileum is known as what disorder that causes you
to frequently empty your bowls?

Chrons
The disorder of the digestive track that causes a person to not tolerate gluten and interferes with
the absorption of nutrients?
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Celiacs
Where would someone have pain that has appendicitis?

Lower right quadrant
139.
List the structures of the urinary system in sequential order
 Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
140.
What structure takes urine from the bladder to the outside of body?
 Urethra
141.
Where are kidneys located
 Lateral to the spinal cord in upper left and right quadrants
142.
What disorder does a lithotripsy tx (treat)?
 Kidney stones
143.
What disorder does dialysis tx?
 Kidney failure
144.
If you have a urgency and frequency to urinate and are experiencing dysuria how will
your disorder be treated?
 Antibiotic (cystitis is caused by a bacteria and causes you to urinate frequently and
causes burning and painful urination (dysuria)
Unit 6
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Males and females have gonands- name what each is called.
Testes and Ovaries- they produce gametes- egg and sperm and hormones
Each ovary contains about 200, 000 tiny egg sacs called:
Follicles (an immature egg)
List 2 hormones that the ovaries produce
Estrogen and Progesterone
Estrogen function is secondary sex characteristics
List the steps of the maturation of a follicle in an ovary
Due to the influence of hormones such as estrogen, an egg will mature.
The follicle containing the egg will move to the surface of the ovary.
The follicle then breaks releasing the egg in a process called ovulation.
How long can an egg be fertilized after ovulation (releasing egg out of ovary)
 24 hours
150.
Where does fertilization of a egg and sperm occur?
 Uterine tube
151.
What creates a current and brings the ovulated egg into the uterine tube?
 Cilia (finger like structures called Fimbre)
152.
List the three layers of the pear shaped uterus are:
 Perimetruim(outer layer), Myometrium (muscular layer) , endometrium (inner
vascular layer)
153.
The top of the uterus is called
 Fundus
154.
The neck of the uterus is called
 Cervix
155.
Where does the embryo implant and grow until delivery?
 Uterus
156.
What layer of the uterus is detached during menstruation
 Endometrium
157.
What is the name of the birth canal?
 Vagina- fibromuscular tube
158.
What is the name of the loose muscular sac the testes sit in?
 Scrotum
159.
Why are the testes located outside the body
 For sperm production- can only occur 2 degrees below body temp
160.
Where in the testes is sperm made?
 Seminiferous tubules
161.
30 million sperm are produced each day- where do they go to mature?
 Epididymis- Comma shaped structure
162.
List 2 functions of testosterone
 Secondary sex characteristics and production of sperm
163.
Tube that takes sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
 Vas deferens
164.
Donut shaped structure that secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen to increase the
motility of the sperm and neutralize the acid environment of the vagina
 Prostate gland
165.
Passage way for sperm and urine
 Urethra
166.
Syndrome that symptoms appear 2 weeks prior to menses, including bloating, cramping,
headache, fatigue, acne, depression
 PMS
167.
The backflow of menstrual blood into the pelvic cavity, usually causes-painful and heavy
periods, abdominal pain and infertility
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Endometriosis
What are the causes of breast cancer
Genetics, exposure to radiation, high fat diet, baby after 30
Non cancerous abnormal growth of the prostate (interferes with flow of urine)
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
Absence of menstrual flow
Amenorrhea
Study of male disorders
Andrology
Pregnancy in the uterine tube
Ectopic
Implantation until 8 weeks
Embryo
8 weeks until preganancy
Fetus