Policy and Guidelines
Information Communications Technology
Green ICT
January 2013
Version 1.5
Department of
Corporate and Information Services
Document Control
Document details
Document Title
Green ICT Policy and Guidelines
Contact details
Information Communication Technology (ICT) Policy and Strategy Division,
Department of Corporate and Information Services (DCIS) Northern
Territory Government (NTG).
File name
It_ict_green_ict_policy_guidelines
Version
Version 1.5
Date issued
January 2013
Approved by
NTG IMC: 10 February 2011
Change History
Version
Date
Author
Change details
1.0
10 February 2010
K. Kannoorpatti
Working draft
1.1
18 February 2010
K. Kannoorpatti
Minor changes to remove
mandatory requirements
and prescriptive
statements following
comments from NTG IMC
meeting on 10 February
2010.
1.2
20 February 2010
K. Kannoorpatti
More documents added to
Appendix F
1.3
1 November 2011
K. McCarthy
Change format
1.4
13 March 2012
K. McCarthy
Updated section 4.2
1.5
14 January 2013
K. McCarthy
Updated government
names
Department of
Corporate and Information Services
Table of Contents
1
Policy Statement ...................................................................................................... 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
2
High Priority Measures for Reducing Energy Consumption ................................ 4
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.4
2.5
2.5.1
2.5.2
3
Compliance .................................................................................................... 9
Re-use ........................................................................................................... 9
Recycling after Re-use ..................................................................................10
ICT Enabled Energy Reductions – Guidelines ......................................................11
5.1
5.2
5.3
6
Printing (for Agencies and general ICT Users) ............................................... 7
EDRMS (Electronic Document Records Management System) ...................... 7
Data Storage (for general ICT Users) ............................................................. 7
Email Use and File Housekeeping.................................................................. 7
Device Consolidation ...................................................................................... 7
Soft Phones.................................................................................................... 7
Printers........................................................................................................... 8
Laptop Vs Desktop PC ................................................................................... 8
Recycle and Re-use ................................................................................................. 9
4.1
4.2
4.2.1
5
Applicability .................................................................................................... 4
Best Practice Management of Idle Computers................................................ 4
Automatic Shutdown of Desktop and Laptop Fleet ......................................... 5
After Hours ..................................................................................................... 5
Business Hours .............................................................................................. 5
Desktop Power Management Solution............................................................ 5
Multifunction Devices ..................................................................................... 5
Measure Power Consumption of ICT .............................................................. 5
New Buildings and Lease Arrangements ........................................................ 5
Reporting ....................................................................................................... 6
Medium Priority Options ......................................................................................... 7
3.1
3.1.1
3.2
3.2.1
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.4
4
Overview ........................................................................................................ 1
Green ICT Introduction ................................................................................... 1
Scope ............................................................................................................. 2
Checklists and Reports .................................................................................. 3
Responsibility ................................................................................................. 3
Targets ........................................................................................................... 3
Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ 3
Reducing Travel ............................................................................................11
Telework .......................................................................................................11
Building Facilities and Automation .................................................................12
Procurement Planning............................................................................................13
6.1
Lifecycle of ICT Environment .........................................................................13
6.1.1 Environmentally Sensitive Materials ..............................................................13
6.1.2 Design for Recycling and Re-Use..................................................................13
6.1.3 Operational Efficiency ...................................................................................13
6.1.4 Manufacturer’s Commitment .........................................................................13
6.1.5 ICT Procurement ...........................................................................................13
6.1.5.1 RFT Responses ........................................................................................ 14
6.1.5.2 Require prospective suppliers to be a signatory to the National Packaging
Covenant. ................................................................................................................. 15
6.1.5.3 Auditing ..................................................................................................... 15
7
Data Centre Energy Efficiency ...............................................................................16
Department of
Corporate and Information Services
Table of Contents
7.1
7.1.1
7.2
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.2.4
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
7.4
7.5
NTG Services and Audit Authority .................................................................16
General Principles .........................................................................................16
Metrics ..........................................................................................................17
Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) ................................................................17
Data Centre Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE) .................................................17
Amount of CO2 .............................................................................................17
Reporting ......................................................................................................17
Energy Efficiency Levels ...............................................................................17
NT Government Smart Buildings Policy.........................................................17
Targets ..........................................................................................................18
Optimisation ..................................................................................................18
Equipment .....................................................................................................18
Non-Conventional Energy Sources ...............................................................18
Code of Conduct ...........................................................................................18
Appendix A – Procurement Checklist ............................................................................... 19
Appendix B – Checklist for Agencies in Implementing ICT............................................. 21
Appendix C – Green ICT Quick Wins and Other Initiatives ............................................. 23
Appendix D – Suggested Reporting Format ..................................................................... 26
Appendix E – ICT Energy Consumption ........................................................................... 27
Appendix F – Energy Calculators Spread sheet .............................................................. 28
8
Guidelines: ..............................................................................................................28
8.1
8.2
Option 1 – no metered equipment .................................................................28
Option 2 – metered equipment ......................................................................29
References .......................................................................................................................... 31
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Information Communications Technology
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Green ICT
Policy Statement
It is recommended that the Northern Territory Government (NTG) and its
agencies reduce the environmental impact of Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) use.
1.1
Overview
The document describes recommendations that all NTG services should follow to
reduce the environmental impact of ICT (Information and Communication Technology)
use. The recommendations described in this document are in alignment with the
Northern Territory Government (NTG) and national strategies to reduce climate
change. Compliance to this recommendations leads to lower environmental impact.
This would result in cheaper total cost of ownership and operation.
The requirements cover ICT equipment production, operation, energy reduction and
efficiency, recycling and reuse. There are suggestions on how to address these at the
procurement stage itself. Some high priority options are asked to be implemented to
quickly realise efficiency and energy reduction in the NTG ICT operations. As a part of
NTG ICT Strategic Intent the document also covers areas that will reduce energy use
enabled by ICT such as telework, video and audio conferencing.
The requirements in this document apply to all NTG services, both outsourced and
agency managed, even if the physical infrastructure is outside of NTG premises. There
are reporting requirements specified for Service providers and agencies throughout this
document.
1.2
Green ICT Introduction
Green ICT is a frequently used term that commonly refers to ways of managing climate
change due to ICT. This would result in reducing energy and other resources
consumed and improved energy efficiency. Green ICT aims at reducing emissions and
other waste produced across the ICT lifecycle – from manufacture, procurement and
use of ICT in an organisation. The other aspects to managing ICT waste and improved
energy efficiency are re-use, changes in work practices, and recycling and responsible
disposal.
Green ICT can also describe the application of ICT to enable improved environmental
efficiency across a range of business processes. For example, by making use of
technologies such as teleconferencing, an organisation can reduce travel costs,
improve productivity and produce lower carbon emissions.
This document prescribes requirements that Northern Territory Government (NTG)
agencies should comply with to:

Reduce emissions;

Plan for reduction;

Improve operational efficiencies and work practices; and

Align with local and national regulations covering ICT carbon footprint.
Some of the requirements in the document are derived from Commonwealth AGIMO
(Australian Government Information Management Office, http://www.agimo.gov.au )
guidelines and these have produced carbon savings and costs.
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Green ICT
By following some simple and easily achieved methods it is possible to reduce
significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions and save money on electricity
consumption. These are highly recommended in the policy.
Figure 1: Annual greenhouse gas emissions and electricity consumption for PCs and
laptops (From http://www.greenhouse.gov.au. A factor of 1:1 between kWh and Kg of
CO2 and 1 KWh is 15cents have been used here)
From the above figure it can be seen that by just switching off workstations after hours
significant savings can be achieved. It can also be seen that a laptop consumes much
less power than a desktop PC.
1.3
Scope
The requirements apply for all NTG ICT services, both outsourced and agency
managed, even if the physical infrastructure is outside NTG buildings.
There are sections for a general ICT user especially while printing that should be
followed to improve efficiency in the use NTG ICT. Sections that cover various
audiences are marked as such in the document.
The policy covers requirements for all ICT equipment used in the provision NTG ICT
services. These include but not limited to:

Workstations (laptops, Desktop PCs, Netbook, etc.);

Servers;

Network gear (switches, routers, hubs, cables, etc.);

Mobile phones, PDA, smartphones, NextG modems,etc; and

Printers, Multifunction devices, scanners, cameras, etc.
The policy also covers requirements for Data Centres and its facilities. This also
includes rooms that house servers in agencies. Specifically, they are IT equipment,
cooling equipment (computer room air conditioner units) and power equipment (e.g.
uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), power distribution units) and miscellaneous
equipment (e.g. lighting).
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1.4
Green ICT
Checklists and Reports
Majority of procurement is covered by centrally managed ICT contracts. Agencies may
from time to time purchase equipment such as servers and specialised equipment to
host business applications.
Checklists have been provided in Appendices A & B to assist the agencies in procuring
ICT equipment and ensuring all the items in the policy are covered.
Appendix A provides a checklist and list of questions that can be used during a
procurement exercise. It contains suggested weighting when comparing different
solution providers.
Appendix B provides a checklist to ensure that all of the important provisions of the
policy are covered by Agencies either during operation, planning or procurement.
Appendix C provides a checklist of quick-wins that can be implemented with minimum
effort.
Appendix D provides a suggested template for reporting on some initiatives.
Appendix E provides a suggested template for reporting on energy consumption.
Appendix F provides a calculator for desktops and laptops energy consumption.
1.5
Responsibility
The Information Communication Technology (ICT) Policy and Strategy Division of the
Department of Corporate and Information Services (DCIS) is responsible for
developing and maintaining ICT policies and guidelines for use across the NTG.
All NTG Chief Executives (CE) are responsible for ensuring all aspects of this policy
are applied within their agency.
All NTG employees involved in business relating to this must adhere to it.
1.6
Targets
The Northern Territory Government has not placed any targets for reducing
greenhouse gas emissions for ICT use. However, compliance to this policy is highly
recommended and agencies are encouraged to report energy reductions and
efficiencies for ICT use.
1.7
Acknowledgements
AGIMO (Australian Government Information Management Office) have very kindly
assisted us with provision of report templates, energy calculators and some provisions
of this standard document and their assistance is gratefully acknowledged.
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Information Communications Technology
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Green ICT
High Priority Measures for Reducing Energy
Consumption
The carbon emissions from ICT alone is said to be about 2% of global emissions and
this will increase with more services being made available online and citizens going
online. As the demand for data and online services increases, it is important that a plan
is put in place to reduce and understand the source of emissions and pollution.
This planning not only reduces emissions, but also improves financial efficiency and
provides for better environmental performance. This directly relates to the Government
being a responsible model for others to follow. This improves public sector employees’
morale and image and provides a sense of pride in knowing that they are working as a
responsible corporate citizen. Additionally, the carbon emission reductions help
achieve the NTG and Federal government carbon emission targets nationally and
provide a better environment for all globally. More information on NTG strategies on
managing climate change can be found at http://www.climatechange.nt.gov.au
Some Australian Government departments have realised significant savings by
implementing the requirements described in this document.
The Department of Defence (Defence), the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and
Medicare Australia have implemented automatic shutdown mechanisms in their
desktop environments. All three agencies have realised significant financial efficiencies
as a result.
2.1

Defence has realised savings of over $5 million per annum in power usage.
This equates to an estimated 31,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide entering the
earth’s atmosphere each year.

ABS estimates that it has realised savings of up to $50,000 per annum.

Medicare Australia has saved $237,000 per annum.
Applicability
This section applies to ICT service providers and agency IT management. Service
provider’s office equipment must also follow the policy if they are used for NTG service
provisioning.
The requirements prescribed in the section will be centrally managed for all NTG
computers. In the instances where the computers are managed by agencies or by the
users, then they should also ensure adherence to the policy.
2.2
Best Practice Management of Idle Computers
Agencies should replace active or animated screensavers with more energy efficient
alternatives such as black screens within 15 minutes of inactivity on the system. All
screensavers should be disabled
A monitor left running with an active screen saver needlessly consumes the same
amount of energy as when the screen is in full use. Animated screen saver programs
may also require processing activity that can result in additional energy consumption.
The best solution is to set screens to enter sleep mode (black screens) after fifteen
minutes of inactivity which will maximise power savings.
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Information Communications Technology
2.3
Automatic Shutdown of Desktop and Laptop Fleet
2.3.1
After Hours
Green ICT
Service providers and agencies should implement desktop workstation power
management solutions that enable all desktop and laptop computers to be shut down
when not in use outside of standard business hours (6.00 to 18.00 hours). If the
computer is idle, and with no user logged, on for more than 15 minutes the computer
will be shutdown.
2.3.2
Business Hours
During working hours with no user logged on and the computer is idle for 30 minutes,
the computer will be shut down. If a user is logged on and a screen saver has been
activated but the computer has been idle for 120 minutes, the computer will be
shutdown.
There is potential for substantial savings and improved environmental performance
from the wider adoption of this simple, cost effective initiative.
2.3.3
Desktop Power Management Solution
Department of Defence, Canberra has provided a Desktop Power Management
Solution for use within the NT Government at no cost. This can be used to manage
shutdowns as described in this section. The CD containing the solution for Windows
operating system can be obtained from the NTG ICTIASU.
2.4
Multifunction Devices
All multifunction devices should have Energy Star rating with programmable power
management features. The copier should be programmed to turn off when it is not
need at the end of each day and on weekends and holidays.
2.5
Measure Power Consumption of ICT
Agencies should implement initiatives that enable the measurement of power
consumption of ICT as a component of total power use. This is done by purchasing a
number of simple electricity meters or watt meters and installing them between the
hardware being measured and the power supply.
Hardware metering should be accomplished on a representative sample group during
normal business hours over a set period. The findings from this method of energy
metering will indicate power consumption on a per device scale, which can then be
applied across total device numbers to provide an agency-wide result. Further if Dell
equipment is used in the agency, a Dell energy calculator is available at this link
http://www.dell.com/content/topics/topic.aspx/global/products/landing/en/client-energycalculator?c=us&cs=555&l=en&s=biz.
A reporting template is available in Appendix D.
2.5.1
New Buildings and Lease Arrangements
In new buildings a separate meter should be installed at the mains power board for the
building so that the power consumption for all ICT equipment can be measured. Ideally,
the buildings should have separate plug points for connecting ICT equipment.
This is an important step towards establishing a baseline from which to measure further
environmental efficiencies in ICT energy use.
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2.5.2
Green ICT
Reporting
The measured energy values should be reported to the NTG ICTIASU. The report must
contain measurements taken over a period of 6 months. Agencies are encouraged to
report measured energy values to enable ICT Strategy and Policy Division to develop
ICT energy consumption reports at Whole of Government level.
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Information Communications Technology
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Medium Priority Options
3.1
Printing (for Agencies and general ICT Users)
Green ICT
Agencies and users are encouraged to implement a range of measures to reduce the
environmental impact of printing practices. These measures include:
3.1.1

Use of recycled paper containing a high percentage of recycled fibre and/or
made with virgin fibre content obtained from sustainable managed sources;

Adopt double sided (duplex) printing as the default printer setting. This can be
done centrally through Active Directory policy settings;

Replace distributed desktop printers with centralised MFDs (multifunction
devices);

Users should adopt Eco Font as the default printer font setting (this uses 20%
less ink and should be considered draft printing);

Users should use a smaller size font and reduce margin setting where possible
as this uses less paper for printing. Setting the font size to 11 point type and
2.54 cm left margins and 1.27 cm right margins could increase the amount of
information up to about 27% and save paper; and

Adopt printer density settings as default (toner save mode or econo mode).
EDRMS (Electronic Document Records Management System)
NTG has a strategy to move to paperless office where documents as records will be
stored in electronic form in an EDRMS. NTG approved records management system is
TRIM. More information can be obtained by contacting the Director of Information
Strategy on 8999 1406 or 8999 1722.
3.2
Data Storage (for general ICT Users)
Nearly 38% of the ICT equipment energy is consumed by storage. This is a significant
amount and hence, users should be encouraged to rationalise the files that are needed
by them and thus reduce the storage costs and energy.
3.2.1
Email Use and File Housekeeping
Agencies should encourage users to commit time to regular housekeeping of their
email folders such as deleting unwanted emails, removing attachments from emails
and emptying out the deleted items folder. Users are to be reminded that the Email
systems are not approved record management systems and therefore should not be
used for storage. Emails which are government records should be stored in TRIM.
3.3
Device Consolidation
The number of devices in use per staff member needs to be reduced. In many cases a
staff may have 2 laptops, additional monitor, a desktop workstation, a smart phone,
printer and a desktop telephone. Agencies need to reconsider the number of devices
an employee is provided and consider a device consolidation strategy.
3.3.1
Soft Phones
Use of desktop phones consumes energy and it costs money to purchase and manage
them. There is also an environmental cost in terms of production, packaging and
disposal. In most cases, a soft phone installed on the desktop or Wi-Fi enabled mobile
phones would be found to be sufficient.
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Green ICT
Agencies should consolidate a list of sites and employees where desktop phones are
essential.
3.3.2
Printers
When considering imaging equipment such as printers, scanners, faxes, copiers a ratio
of 10:1 is considered best practice i.e. ten employees to 1 device ( in 2009). However,
in many areas ratio of 25:1 has been found to be satisfactory. To improve the ratio in
your agency replace individual printers, scanners etc. with MFDs and also review the
location of equipment. By placing MFDs in shared areas, rather than in team areas it is
possible to reduce the number of MFDs that are required. This also has the added
benefit of discouraging wasteful printing if employees have to walk a bit further to
collect the printing.
3.4
Laptop Vs Desktop PC
A laptop consumes much less power than a desktop PC as was shown in Fig.1. They
also produce much less noise.
The cost of laptops used to be significantly higher than PCs. With the cost of laptops
being reduced in recent times and becoming more reliable, the replacement of PCs
with laptops during a desktop refresh must be encouraged by all agencies.
Laptops are also reduces the need for a UPS as they can provide for a sufficient
amount of time to save the documents before the power supply is restored. This is also
important if softphones are used.
Use of additional monitor screens should be highly restricted.
Mini notebook consumes less power and is much cheaper than a laptop. They weigh
much less than a laptop. With improvements in technology, solid state hard drives will
consume even less power in mini notebooks. Agencies are encouraged to find out
purposes where just mini notebooks will be sufficient.
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Information Communications Technology
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Green ICT
Recycle and Re-use
ICT service providers must ensure that all ICT equipment is recycled at the end of the
life of equipment. This includes all devices, such as laptops, desktops, monitor,
keyboards, mouse, printers, MFDs, mobile phones, desktop phones, batteries,
communication switch devices, storage devices, etc. These must be recycled subject to
the local council regulations and environmental legislation. Many of the requirements
are already nominated in major ICT contracts and hardware service providers take
back end of life equipment for recycling and reuse.
Agencies are encouraged to purchase ICT equipment with a significant amount of
recycle materials. A significant amount of greenhouse gases is generated during the
manufacture of ICT equipment. It has been found that by using recyclable materials a
significant amount of greenhouse emissions can be reduced compared to using virgin
materials as shown in Fig.2 below.
Some manufacturers take back their end of use of equipment to recycle and reuse
components. Such conditions should be imposed when purchasing ICT equipment.
Figure 2: Greenhouse gas emissions from producing a tonne of product from virgin
materials or recycled feedstock (from http://www.greenhouse.gov.au )
4.1
Compliance
All service providers and agencies should develop a detailed recycling policy and
procedure for recycling ICT equipment. This should be submitted to the NTG ICTIASU
for approval.
It is up to the agency or the service provider to ensure that the required clearances are
obtained from appropriate authority for recycling.
4.2
Re-use
When equipment reaches the end of its useful life within an agency, consideration
should be given to reuse of this by someone else. This will ensure the life of the ICT
equipment is fully utilised. This reduces the carbon footprint from new equipment that
would be purchased.
The Department of Corporate and Information Services currently runs a whole of
government scheme aimed at reusing computers from the NTG outsourcing contracts
that are marked for disposal. These units are supplied to eligible community
organisations through the Computers for the Community program.
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Green ICT
More information on this scheme can be obtained from:
http://www.nt.gov.au/dbe/services-government/it-communications/computerscommunity/Pages/default.aspx
4.2.1
Recycling after Re-use
NTG ICT Industry Development unit should develop written procedures to ensure that
these computers, at the end of life, are recycled subject to the local council regulations
and environmental legislation. This may include arrangements with manufacturers to
take back the equipment at the end of life for recycling.
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Green ICT
ICT Enabled Energy Reductions – Guidelines
There are numerous ways that ICT can help green the organisation. Below are just a
few options of how ICT could be used to ensure organisational aims are achieved and
carbon emissions are reduced.
5.1
Reducing Travel
There are several ICT tools that enable people to meet and work together without
physically being in the same office or country, therefore reducing the need for business
travel. These tools are:

Audio conferencing;

Video conferencing; and

On-line meeting / web conferencing.
NTG ICT Services have all these tools already available, and agencies should ensure
that measurable benefits are being realised by:

Making sure users know how to use the equipment through training and
demonstration sessions;

Including in the meeting and resource booking system a survey to capture the
number of attendees, approximate business miles that have been saved and
the modes of transport that would have been used;

Considering implementing a ‘Green Miles’ reward scheme for employees,
based on the data collected at the time of booking;

Ensuring that when booking a meeting in a room with audio/video conferencing
facilities priority is given to those that are using the equipment; and

Circulating a survey to employees asking if they use the conference facilities
and on-line tools available to them, and if not, what needs to happen to make
them use these.
The recommended approach would be to run pilots of the various types of tools
available with different teams and then ask for their feedback to learn what combination
would work for your organisation.
5.2
Telework
Many organisations operate a successful flexible working policy and some large global
organisations now claim to have over 50% of their employees working from home on a
regular basis. AGIMO (http://www.agimo.gov.au) encourages all government agencies
to introduce teleworking to reduce carbon footprint.
All NTG agencies should develop a Teleworking Policy. Some NTG agencies have
already implemented this and agencies are encouraged to introduce measurements to
capture the benefits of such initiatives.
NTG has in place a Home Working Policy and, where possible, agencies should
encourage more of their staff to take up Telework.
Agencies may also consider sharing the building space in suburbs and rural areas with
users from different agencies when home working arrangements are not possible.
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Green ICT
To implement a flexible working policy NTG has a number of solutions including secure
VPN, Video conferencing, ‘Real Time’ Communications technology, etc.
The benefits include

a better work/life balance for those able to work from home,

reduced travel requirements ,

reduced office space requirements, and

reduced the traffic congestion on busy roads.
To fully realise the benefits of this initiative, offices must be adapted to use less energy
when employees are working from home.
5.3
Building Facilities and Automation
There are technologies available that can be installed into premises to automate
building facilities. By using ICT to ensure that energy is only used where and when
required rather than cooling and lighting offices which are empty, cost and energy
savings can be realised.
Systems include sensors in rooms to turn on lights and cooling systems that enable
individual offices and spaces of a building to be controlled separately.
DLPE operates the NTG Energy Smart Building policy:
(http://www.dlp.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/15226/EnergySmartBuildings_pol
icy.pdf ) and this should be adhered to in new leasing arrangements or designing
buildings. This will ensure that all of the building facilities and automation to reduce
energy use is incorporated. DLPE should be contacted for technical documentation on
designing Energy Smart buildings.
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Information Communications Technology
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Procurement Planning
6.1
Lifecycle of ICT Environment
Green ICT
In order to reduce pollution and carbon emissions, the whole lifecycle of ICT equipment
must be considered. This includes consideration for ‘green’ manufacturing at the
design stage itself. Materials used, designing for end of life, reuse and extension of life,
energy conservation, end of life actions, packaging, etc have to be considered at the
design stage itself by an energy conscious manufacturing corporation.
6.1.1
Environmentally Sensitive Materials
All environmentally sensitive materials such as Cadmium, Lead and Chrome
hexavalent compounds and some polymers cause a great deal of harm to humans,
animals and plants and should be avoided in ICT components. Emissions from some
polymers are considered to be responsible for climate change and have to be avoided.
6.1.2
Design for Recycling and Re-Use
Recyclable materials used in manufacture of ICT equipment contribute greatly in
reducing landfill. ICT components should be designed for end of life and recycling of
components must be a consideration in design. The manufacturers will need to put
procedures in place to separate different materials, clearly marking the composition of
different materials to facilitate recycling. Not all components are needed to be
discarded at the end of life and some of the components can be reused, e.g., the shell
that holds the motherboard.
6.1.3
Operational Efficiency
All ICT equipment must be programmed to implement energy saving procedures such
as turning off monitor, going in to hibernation mode, etc. Some Australian federal
agencies have reported significant savings in operational costs by following simple
such simple measures.
6.1.4
Manufacturer’s Commitment
ICT manufacturers must ensure that while producing these products that they have not
increased the carbon emissions. Manufacturers should show a commitment to
environmental protection by adhering to relevant ISO environmental standards.
6.1.5
ICT Procurement
All future ICT procurement must require the tenderer or supplier to provide energy
usage and environmental protection information in their proposed solutions in their RFT
responses. A system called EPEAT (Electronic Product Environment Assessment Tool)
is being recognised as one that covers current environmental attributes. All agencies
are encouraged to incorporate this tool in RFT responses. EPEAT is one of the most
extensive and influential green ICT product rating systems, with a registry of more than
1,000 products and 30 participating manufacturers, from global giants to small
integrators. AGIMO lists this system as one that can be used in RFT responses.
EPEAT is a system that helps purchasers evaluate, compare and select electronic
products based on their environmental attributes. The system currently covers desktop
and laptop computers, thin clients, workstations and computer monitors.
Desktops, laptops and monitors that meet 23 required environmental performance
criteria may be registered in EPEAT by their manufacturers. Some of the criteria were
discussed in previous sections. Registered products are rated Gold, Silver or Bronze
depending on the percentage of 28 optional criteria they meet above the baseline
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criteria. EPEAT operates an ongoing verification program to assure the credibility of the
registry. More information can be found at: http://www.epeat.net.
As a default all NTG agencies and service providers should specify Gold category for
ICT equipment under EPEAT standards (or equivalent) unless other considerations
come in to play. This is a balance between environmental performance, operating
costs, system performance and purchase price.
6.1.5.1 RFT Responses
RFTs can incorporate the following requirements of Tenderers:

Indicate whether the proposed solution is registered in the Electronic Product
Environment Assessment Tool (EPEAT). (EPEAT is a system that helps
purchasers evaluate, compare and select products based on their
environmental attributes).
o

If so, indicate the EPEAT level the product is registered to:

Bronze – Product meets all required criteria;

Silver – Product meets all required criteria plus at least 50% of
the optional criteria that apply to the product type being
registered; and

Gold – Product meets all required criteria plus at least 75% of
the optional criteria that apply to the product type being
registered.
Supply information for power consumption (watts; where applicable) in the
following modes:
o
on/active mode
o
sleep mode
o
standby/off mode

Provide an indication of internal power supply efficiency (if applicable) as per
US ENERGY STAR referenced tests. More information on US Energy star can
be found at http://www.energystar.gov . ENERGY STAR is an international
standard for energy efficient office equipment including computers, printers and
photocopiers, and home electronics such as TVs, audio products and DVD
players. This has been adopted in Australia and the Australian ENERGY STAR
programme is a joint initiative of the Australian Government, and State and
Territory Governments

Provide detail (if applicable) on external power supply brand, model number
and performance mark, and whether the external power supply complies with
AS/NZS4665 mark III requirements.

Provide a demonstration of any power management capabilities of new
equipment.

Pro-actively identify where environmental impacts can be minimised in areas
including, but not limited to, power consumption, cooling requirements and ewaste disposal.
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
Agree that all products supplied under the RFT process and resulting contract
may be submitted by the agency for independent testing and assessment for
compliance against the claimed performance (by an agency-nominated National
Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) accredited laboratory).

Provide evidence to substantiate claims for any item of equipment nominated in
a tender at the request of the agency.

At a minimum, all products nominated by Tenderers should meet the following
requirements:

Computers (and notebooks) must comply with the requirements of the US
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Computers Version 4.0 test and
performance specification.

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitors must
comply with Tier 1 and Tier 2 respectively of the US ENERGY STAR® Program
Requirements for Computer Monitors Version 4.1 test and performance
specification.

Printer and (Multifunction Devices) MFD (imaging) equipment must comply with
the requirements of the US ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for
Imaging Equipment Version 1.0 test and performance specification (Tier 1).

All products are to be supplied with power management features enabled.

All tests and compliance data is required to be at 230V alternating current (AC)
only.
6.1.5.2 Require prospective suppliers to be a signatory to the National Packaging
Covenant.
All suppliers of ICT equipment must be a signatory to the National Packaging
Covenant. The National Packaging Covenant is a voluntary initiative by government
and industry, to reduce the effects of packaging on the environment. More information
can be found at http://www.packagingcovenant.org.au.
Signatories to the Covenant recognise that a co-operative approach between industry
and governments is essential to achieving national consistency in the lifecycle
management of packaging.
6.1.5.3 Auditing
All future ICT equipment purchases will require NTG ICTIASU approval for compliance
with specifying this section of the policy in RFT. This includes desktop and laptop
computers, thin clients, workstations, computer monitors, mobile phones, storage
media and printers and copiers. This requirement will apply to not only NT Government
agencies and corporations but also service providers that buy equipment to service
NTG.
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Data Centre Energy Efficiency
Data Centres energy costs are typically 25% of total energy costs of ICT and therefore
playing a significant part of the energy expenditure. There is an incentive in improving
energy efficiency of Data Centres resulting in costs and carbon footprint reductions and
improved competitiveness. More importantly, Data Centres associated with NTG ICT
operations will project themselves as responsible corporate citizens by implementing
energy efficiency measures.
Historically, Data Centres have been designed with large tolerances for operational and
capacity changes, including possible future expansion. Much of this would be
considered irrelevant when technological advances are taken in to account. These
factors lead to power consumption inefficiencies. Data centres should be redesigned to
take advantage of modern technologies in ICT equipment.
In most cases only a small fraction of the grid power consumed by the Data Centre
actually gets to the ICT systems.
Most enterprise Data Centres today run significant quantities of redundant power and
cooling systems typically to provide higher levels of reliability. Additionally, ICT systems
are frequently run at a low average utilisation. Over provisioning, ensuring availability
and associated costs were previously considered a negligible risk to business
performance and therefore, environmental impacts were largely ignored.
7.1
NTG Services and Audit Authority
All NTG ICT services will need to adhere to the requirements. This includes not only
the services that are managed in-house but also those that are outsourced. Future
procurement or RFT should specify these requirements for energy efficiency in Data
Centres.
The requirements mainly apply to enterprise grade Data Centres where services for fee
are provided.
The policy also applies to agency and service provider operated Data Centres where
there is a significant amount of ICT equipment and a separate cooling arrangement
and where the staff do not share the space with ICT equipment.
All agency operated server and communication rooms are not considered Data Centres
and there is no requirement to produce a code of conduct. However, all the general
principles provided in the next section will apply.
NTG ICTIASU will have the authority to audit the compliance with the policy.
7.1.1
General Principles
The following principles should generally apply in the event a particular scenario is not
covered by the policy:

The fundamental principle is that Data Centres should be designed so as to
minimise energy consumption and improve energy efficiency whilst not
impacting business performance. In the cases of established Data Centres,
redesign and other improvements must be made to increase energy efficiency
and monitoring;

Data Centre equipment is designed to allow the optimisation of energy
efficiency while meeting the operational or service targets anticipated;

Data Centres are designed to allow regular and periodic energy monitoring;
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
Data Centres and their equipment are designed, specified and procured on the
basis of requirements in section Procurement Planning within the requirements
for reliability, availability and serviceability; and

Data Centres should be designed to minimise the energy used.
The requirements apply to all IT equipment (e.g. blade servers, rack optimised and
non-rack optimised enterprise servers, storage and networking equipment), cooling
equipment (computer room airconditioner units) and power equipment (e.g.
uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), power distribution units) and miscellaneous
equipment (e.g. lighting).
7.2
Metrics
7.2.1
Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)
PUE is used to assess Data Centre efficiency. It is a ratio between power used for
servers and other ICT equipment and the total energy consumed. PUE 2 means that
for every watt of electricity used by ICT equipment, the infrastructure to support it
needs to 2 watts. The average Data Centre has a PUE of 2.5 and best practice PUE
has been quoted as 1.3. Although the PUE is about energy efficiency, emphasis must
also be placed on total energy reduction.
7.2.2
Data Centre Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE)
DCiE is the direct ICT equipment power expressed as a percentage of the total power
consumed by the Data Centre. As efficiency improves, DCiE increases towards 100%.
7.2.3
Amount of CO2
The total energy consumed can also be reported as the amount of CO2 released. This
is calculated by multiplying kWh by 0.68 to give kg of CO2 per kWh of energy.
The multiplying factor 0.68 is for NT for the year 2008-09 and is likely to change every
year and the current value must be used. If the Data Centre situated outside of the
Northern Territory then the appropriate value for that state or territory must be used.
The current values should be obtained from http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/workbook.
7.2.4
Reporting
Data Centres associated with NTG services should report PUE or DCiE on a yearly
basis to the NTG ICTIASU. The report should include average operational temperature,
measurement methods, period of monitoring, equipment and facilities covered, and
improvements made. The total energy consumed in kWh should also be included.
7.3
Energy Efficiency Levels
7.3.1
NT Government Smart Buildings Policy
All Data Centres housing NTG services, outsourced or agency managed should adhere
to the NTG Energy Smart Buildings Policy. The policy can be found at
http://www.dlp.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/15226/EnergySmartBuildings_poli
cy.pdf. The policy is managed by the DLPE (Department of Land, Planning and the
Environment). Agency managed data Centres should report energy efficiency
measures if they are housed in older buildings not conforming to Energy Buildings
Policy.
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7.3.2
Green ICT
Targets
Data Centres associated with NTG should self-impose efficiency targets. NTG Data
Centres can mandate energy efficient standards for equipment and practice for any
third party equipment and services in the Data Centres. EPEAT and US Energy Star
Rating, discussed in previous sections, must be prescribed for equipment, as a
minimum, used in NTG Data Centres.
7.3.3
Optimisation
Optimising Data Centre operations can include repairs to air conditioning units and
floor tiles, increasing the temperature setting by a degree or two and periodic cleaning
of the Data Centre to reduce dust and debris which can impede airflow and therefore
reduce cooling efficiency.
Any improvements to the operation of the Data Centre facilities will help increase the
energy efficiency.
7.3.4
Equipment
Data Centre should specify ICT equipment that can operate at a higher nominal
temperature to reduce the amount of cooling required.
7.4
Non-Conventional Energy Sources
The policy encourages the use of non-conventional energy from sources such as solar,
wind, etc. However, the policy is also about reducing energy consumption. If energy
from such sources is used, the energy should not be subtracted from the total energy
consumed. Energy from such sources will be included in reports by all Data Centres.
7.5
Code of Conduct
All Data Centres servicing NTG ICT operations should agree to develop a code of
conduct in reducing energy and improving efficiency. The code of conduct should be
based on the general principles described in a previous section. The code of conduct
should include but not limited to facilities design, energy reduction and efficiency,
measurement and reporting, policies and procedure for staff, and other technology
measures to improve operations. As a starting point code of conduct and best practices
guide developed by the EU can be downloaded from
http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyeffi ciency/html/standby_initiative.htm.
The code of conduct developed should be submitted to the NTG ICTIASU for
endorsement of best practice.
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Appendix A – Procurement Checklist
Consideration will
be given to
personal
computers and
monitors …
Information required from companies
Suggested
Weighting
…qualified to display
the Energy Star
label.
Confirm that the equipment is Energy Star compliant.
Required
…with low overall
energy consumption.
Specify the power consumption rate of the equipment
in watts while the machine is a) operating b) in sleep
mode c) on standby and not in sleep mode d)
switched off, but power point still on.
55-65%
Specify the weight of equipment in kilograms,
including all add-ons required to meet performance
requirements.
State any ways that the equipment can be upgraded
subsequent to purchase
…that reduce overall State the percentage weight of the equipment that is
waste and use fewer made up of remanufactured or recycled components
resources.
and materials.
.
State whether the equipment can be returned to
manufacturer at end of its lifespan for guaranteed
remanufacturing or recycling, and provide details of
associated guarantees, costs and logistics.
15-25%
Specify any ways that the equipment is designed for
easy recovery and recycling of parts at the end of its
useful life, including whether or not components are
etched to describe their material composition.
List the types of packaging used in delivering your
product, including bulk delivery packaging. Specify:
…with low
environmental
impact packaging
(use this criterion
only when
packaging is
significant).

the total weight per unit product,

the proportion of recycled material used, and

whether the packaging can be recycled locally
State whether you will take back the packaging for
recycling or reuse after delivery
0-10%
Describe any disposal advice provided on your
product packaging, including the size, location and
colour of the advice.
Specify whether your packaging includes any loose fill
material.
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Consideration will
be given to
personal
computers and
monitors …
Information required from companies
Green ICT
Suggested
Weighting
Specify whether your company is a signatory to the
National Packaging Covenant. See
http://www.ea.gov.au/industry/waste/covenant/signato
ries.html.
…with low operating
noise levels.
Specify the noise level during printing / operation.
0-10%
...that document
additional
environmental
benefits of their
products or superior
environmental
performance of their
companies.
Provide appropriate documentation to support any
environmental claims made.
5-15%
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Appendix B – Checklist for Agencies in Implementing ICT
Check
Areas to be considered
High priority areas
Black screens enabled if computers are idle for 15 minutes. No animated screen
savers
Arranged for computer shutdown outside of 8.00 to 18.00 hours. If you need an
exemption to this, please ask the service provider
Computer will shut down with no user logged on and idle for 30 minutes during
working hours
Computer will shut down with user logged on and idle for 120 minutes during
working hours
Energy star rating program for Multifunction devices enabled
All new leases and buildings will have separate power measuring meters for just
ICT equipment
Agency Energy use of ICT equipment reported
Desktop power management solution CD is available with NTG ICTIASU
Medium priority areas
Recycled paper used for printing
Double sided printing enabled as default
Eco font made available
Reduced margin settings where possible
EDRMS is used for storing documents
Users cleaned up unwanted files and emails and stored the records in TRIM
All required devices consolidated to fewer devices
Laptops are preferred over desktops
Recycle and reuse
Recycling arranged for all ICT equipment. This includes laptops, desktops, monitor,
keyboards, mouse, printers, MFDs, mobile phones, desktop phones, batteries,
communication switch devices, storage devices, etc
Manufacturers will take back ICT equipment at end of use.
Reuse of ICT equipment implemented where possible
ICT enabled energy reductions
Audio conferencing available
Video conferencing available
Online meeting/ web conferencing
Training arranged for the use of audio, video and online solutions
Teleworking policy developed
Co-locating different agencies considered
Other strategies for reducing travel and road congestion considered
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Check
Green ICT
Areas to be considered
Provisions of NTG Energy Smart building policy implemented
Procurement planning
Use of EPEAT framework considered
Default is Gold category for best environmental performance
Energy star rating for all ICT equipment mandated
Prospective suppliers are signatory to the National Packaging Covenant
Data Centre Energy Efficiency
Power Usage Effectiveness or Data Centre infrastructure efficiency and amount of
CO2 calculated and reported
All data centres housed in building complying with NTG Energy smart Buildings
Policy.
Established self-imposed energy efficiency targets
All equipment used and purchased must meet the EPEAT and Energy Star rating
standards
Equipment operating at higher nominal temperatures considered
Use of non-conventional energy considered
Code of conduct developed and approved by NTG ICTIASU
Reporting for all sections
All required reports prepared and sent to NTG ICTIASU
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Appendix C – Green ICT Quick Wins and Other Initiatives
Choose equivalent initiative for your agency
[QW = Green ICT Quick Win]
Desktop and desktop consumable initiatives
Desktop
staff shutdown PCs at the end of the day
QW
PC fleet power management solution (auto shutdown)
set monitors to standby after 5 minutes of inactivity
QW
black screens for monitors
QW
static screens for monitors
QW
energy efficient PC, laptop and monitor
QW
activate power management settings on all desktop computers and peripherals
analyse fleet numbers and minimise PC/laptop duplication
hot desking
Printers, toner, paper
QW
centralised MFDs
rationalise printer numbers with a target ratio of 1:25 desktop workstations
QW
printers set to default duplex printing
QW
printing multiple pages per sheet
online reading and editing
effective use of the print preview function
QW
eco-font and fast draft; reduce margins
printer density settings
default grey scale for colour printers
Telecom handsets
Telephony
QW
minimise handset duplication
integrate handset with desktop computers
soft phone technology
Management
Waste
recycling for batteries, mobile devices, cables and ICT equipment
responsible gifting of usable ICT equipment
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Management
QW
National Packaging Covenant requirements / NEPM requirements
Management and reporting
QW
measure or estimate energy consumption for each ICT equipment category
independent energy assessments for data centres and server rooms
Procurement
QW
apply mandatory environmental criteria, including EPEAT Gold and ENERGY STAR
as default
apply relative weighting to environmental criteria
Awareness and training
ICT sustainability awareness programs
ICT sustainability education and training
induction training – staff, contractors and suppliers
ICT Enablement
Using ICT to reduce emissions
video and web conferencing
electronic records management system
tele-working
e-learning and video streaming
integrated building management systems and smart metering
Data centres, server rooms and closets
Applications running on servers
implement virtualisation to allow consolidation of server and storage hardware, which
addresses under server utilisation, resilience, workload balancing, extra capacity for
high-demand applications, scale business application, reduces floor space.
enable power management capabilities on server operating systems
enable applications to shift the computational load among systems for maximising
energy efficiency
upgrade applications no longer supported on the latest technology and/or operating
systems, allowing the removal of legacy servers
Servers
identify the server, software application and business owner relationship
identify server profiles and utilisation
schedule unused and older servers for decommissioning
identify irregularly used servers to apply powering down or temporal power
management strategies
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Data centres, server rooms and closets
optimise the use of energy efficient servers which can achieve aggregate power
delivery efficiency of greater than 75 per cent at workload
multiple core CPU on a single die instead of single core CPU
servers that minimises power consumption at system idle
servers that have monitoring and policy based-control of platform power consumption
ENERGY STAR power supplies.
servers that provide feedback to the support infrastructure in the data centre to scaledown fan speeds, shut down surplus air conditioning units, and other dynamic
adjustments
Data storage
migrate to larger capacity disk drives to reduce energy and floor space
removable disk cartridges for backup
switching to small form factor 2.5” drives for 40 per cent less operating power than 3.5”
HDD
Air conditioning and managing air flow
measure Air Conditioning Airflow Efficiency (ACAE) to optimise sizing
avoid overcooling and maintain reliable operating environments per equipment
specifications.
liquid cooling in fully sealed racks in high power density servers.
Power distribution
use transformers with at least 95 per cent efficiency
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Appendix D – Suggested Reporting Format
Business metrics and equipment
[Where possible insert relevant metrics and average equipment quantities]
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
Actual
Budget
Budget
Budget
Budget
Budget
No. of
employees
Equipment
Desktops
Thin Clients
Monitors
Laptops
Mobile phones
Fixed
telephones
Printers
Mainframes (if
relevant)
Midrange
servers (if
relevant)
SAN devices(if
relevant)
Note:
1. ICT equipment numbers (and equipment energy) may increase to enable sustainability
in other areas.
2. Figures will be predominantly electricity consumption (kWh).
3. Agencies that have back up diesel generators or other fuel sources should account for
this with additional lines.
4. The ICT Policy and Strategy Division or the ICTIASU can provide guidance on the
calculation / conversion of energy.
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Appendix E – ICT Energy Consumption
Insert consumption for ICT energy use – where possible. Where no historical data is available,
an initiative should include an undertaking to measure ICT energy consumption or using a high
level estimate based on the ICT energy estimators. Use Dell’s Energy Calculator if relevant
from: http://www.dell.com/content/topics/topic.aspx/global/products/landing/en/client-energycalculator?c=us&cs=555&l=en&s=biz
Equipment category
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
Desktop and peripheral
Data centre or server
room ICT equipment
Servers and
communications
equipment (switches,
routers, etc)
Other equipment
(please list)
Total ICT energy
(kWh)
Data centre facilities
(kWh)
Total energy (kWh)
Note:
1. ICT equipment numbers (and equipment energy) may increase to enable sustainability
in other areas.
2. Figures will be predominantly electricity consumption (kWh).
3. Agencies that have back up diesel gerenators or other fuel sources should account for
this with additional lines.
4. The ICT Policy and Strategy Division or the ICTIASU can provide guidance on the
calculation / conversion of energy.
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Appendix F – Energy Calculators Spread sheet
8
Guidelines:
Energy estimators for desktop computers
The energy estimator can be a useful tool to calculate and estimate energy
consumption for desktop personal computers, monitors and printers. The estimators
have easy to follow instructions in the spread sheet and can be modified by agencies –
if desired.
There are two energy estimators for use:
Option 1 – provides agencies with an estimator of energy, given common types
personal computers and monitors in government. The calculator works on drop down
boxes to select the equipment type and automatically calculates the energy use. This
spread sheet is useful if no metering has occurred within the agency.
Option 2 – provides agencies with an estimator of energy, given an agency has
metered personal computers and monitors and can insert these values into the four
different power modes. This spread sheet is flexible for agencies to insert varying
metered values and does not restrict the agency to equipment types.
The two options are discussed below for use and instruction:
8.1
Option 1 – no metered equipment
The spread sheet comprises of the two TABs:
1. TAB [Estimator] – entry for number of units, and equipment type, and provides
an estimate for total kWh and CO2-eq. For an estimation of 19 inch LCD
monitors, interpolate the results between 17 inch and 21 inch monitors.
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2. TAB [Records] – entry for equipment profiles and energy use for record
keeping.
Clear records
Type
8.2
Sleep
time
Computer
Off at Off at the
day
power
end
point
Energy
kWh
Qty
Type
Sleep
time
Monitor
Off at the
power
point
Off at
day end
Energy
kWh
Qty
Location
Summary
Total
Total
Energy
GHG kg
kWh
Option 2 – metered equipment
The speadsheet comprises of the three TABs were the first two are relevant for use.
These TABs are as follows:
1. TAB [Estimator] - entry for number of units, and power management and
practice data, and provide the estimate for total kWh.
This energy estimator has been adpated from the U.S. EPA and U.S. DOE and is provided for estimating
purposes only. Actual energy consumption may vary based on use and other factors.
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Enter agency equipment type and values in the gray boxes below.
(2) Enter computers (base units) and monitors separately
(2) Use drop down boxes to set power management and agency practice parameters
(4) Change assumptions in TAB titled 'Assumptions' for 'active' and 'idle' mode to the metered values in your agency
(5) Add computers and monitors to arrive at the total kWh for desktop computers
Equipment type:
SOE PC base unit
Does your computer/monitor have sleep
No
settings activated?
How often do you turn off your computer at No
***100 percent - Always Turned Off
night?
Use Other Turn Off Rate? No
Other Turn Off Rate:
0%
Quantity
Computer(s) / monitor(s)
600
Notes
1. Default of 36% as the percentage of computers turned off each night is based upon 2004 Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) Report entitled "After-hours
Power Status of Office Equipment and Inventory of Miscellaneous Plug-Load Equipment".
2. If your organization always shuts off their computer at night the turn off rate should be set to 100%.
3. If your organization never shuts off their computers at night, the turn off rate should be set to 0%.
Estimated total energy consumption for 600 units
600 Units
Estimated annual electricity consumption (kWh)
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2. TAB [Assumptions] – Entry for equipment wattage in different usage modes,
and general definitions for usage modes.
Assumptions for Desktop computers and monitors
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Enter agency values in the gray boxes below.
(2) Enter computers (base units) and monitors separately
ENTER METERED DATA
Power
Average power in "active" mode
Average power in "idle" mode
Average power in "sleep" mode
Average power in "off" mode
Data Source
100.0
70.0
4.0
2.0
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
LBNL 2007 (usually 4 Watts for a monitor)
LBNL 2007 (usually 2 Watts)
Usage
All Computers
Night time turn off rate
LBNL 2006
100%
With power mgnt
enabled
Average number of hours in "active" mode per year
Average number of hours in "idle" mode per year
Average number of hours in "sleep" mode per year
Average number of hours in "off" mode per year
Total hours per year
201
602
1,104
6,854
8,760
hours/year
hours/year
hours/year
hours/year
Without power mgnt
enabled
201
1,705
0
6,854
8,760
hours/year
hours/year
hours/year
hours/year
LBNL 2007
LBNL 2007
LBNL 2007
LBNL 2007
General definitions
Active Mode - a device is occupied and performing normal business functions and computational instructions
Idle mode - a device is unoccupied and no power management features enabled.
Sleep mode - a device has ENERGY STAR power management enabled. The device is in a 'ready' state for wake up.
Off mode - a device has been shut down. There is a slight power draw from the power point.
User instructions are provided in the spread sheet.
Energy Estimator Spread sheets:
Option1 Desktop
Estimator for desktop computers.xls
Option 2 Energy
estimator for desktop computers.xls
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References
1.
http://www.agimo.com
2.
AS/MZS4665 mark III (http://www.energyrating.gov.au)
3.
Eco Font (http://www.ecofont.eu)
4.
http://www.epeat.net
5.
http://www.energystar.gov
6.
http://www.dlp.nt.gov.au/_data/assets/pdf_file/0016/15226/EnergySmartBuildings_policy.p
df
7.
EU Code of Conduct for ICT
(http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/html/standby_initiative.htm)
8.
Greenhouse workbook (updated site: http://www.climatechange.gov.au/)
9.
Green ICT Handbook (http://www.greenict.org.uk/ )
10.
http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/publications/government/purchasing/greenoffice-guide/index.html - site no longer found in 2011
Department of
Corporate and Information Services
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