Warm-Up Answers
1. Genes can be turned on and off because gene expression is a regulated process.
2. Write the DNA sequence that this mRNA was transcribed UCU AGG AUC
AGA TCC TAG
3. Several amino acids linked together by peptide bonds make a polypeptide chain, aka
protein
1. Determine the percentage of offspring that would be “normal thumb” from 2
heterozygous parents. A=hitchhiker thumb
A a
25% will have a normal thumb 75% will have a hitchhikers thumb
A AA Aa
2. The phases of mitosis are PROPHASE, METAPHASE, ANAPHASE,
a Aa aa
TELOPHASE. INTERPHASE occurs before mitosis.
Final Review (2nd 9 weeks DCA)
1. The product of meiosis is
a. 4 different haploid gametes
c. 2 different diploid gametes
b. 4 identical haploid somatic cells
d. 2 identical diploid somatic cells
2. The function of tRNA is to transports amino acids to the ribsome.
3. The function of mRNA is to takes the DNA message to the ribosome and is read 1 codon at a
time
4. The function of rRNA is to make the ribosome.
5. The process of mitosis is slowed down during chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is beneficial to
killing cancer cells, but it may cause the following negative effects hair loss, slowed healing
and growth, increased infections.
6. Rosalind Franklin’s x-ray photograph of DNA gave scientists knowledge about the double helix
structure.
7. Fungus are more closely related to Animals than plants, the reason scientists can compare
these two Kingdoms is because the components (specifically nitrogen bases) of DNA are the
same for all living organisms.
8. If a plant is heterozygous for height, what is its genotype? (you can choose your allele) Tt
9. If a plant is homozygous recessive for height, what is its genotype? tt
10.Insertion and deletion of a nitrogen base cause frameshift mutations.
11.A substitution mutation is the substitution of a nitrogen base for another
12.During telophase the chromosomes are at opposite side of the nucleus and in animal cells a
cleavage furrow forms.
13.The 3 phases of interphase are _G1_, _S__, and __G2__
14.During S phase ___DNA__________ replicates.
15.The part of the nucleotide that provides the instructions for the traits of an organism is the
nitrogen base
16.Transcription occurs in the nucleus. During this process mRNA is produced from a template
strand of DNA.
17.If a bean plant has a genotype of AaBB, the possible gametes of this plant are AB, AB, aB, aB .
18.In DNA, nitrogen bases are held together by hydrogen bonds
19.Genetic variation increases during meiosis due to crossing over.
20.DNA contains codes for proteins, which are needed for all cellular functions. This function
means DNA_ in cells determines an organism’s traits.
21.Complete a dihybrid cross with two heterozygous parents, DdEe, to determine the
possibilities of offspring.
What percent would be heterozygous for both
DE
De
dE
de
DE
DDEE DDEe DdEE
DdEe
De
DDEe DDee DdEe
Ddee
dE
DdEE
DdEe
ddEE
ddEe
de
DdEe
Ddee
ddEe
ddee
traits?
4/16 = 25% would be heterozygous for both