Unit 3 – Textbook Review Answer
Key
Page 132
1.
4.
5.
6.
7.
D
C
B
C
All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
9. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other
organelles.
14. The Golgi apparatus receives protein
products from the ER, processes and
repackages them, and routes them to their
destinations.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
C
A
B
A
D
C
D
11. Each phosphate group is negatively charged.
Since like charges repel, the crowding of the
phosphate groups in the ATP tail contributes to
the potential energy stored in ATP.
16. a. bacteria; certain fungi
b. yeast cells
c. lactic acid
15. Digestive enzymes from the lysosome
would be released into the cell and would break
down organelles.
e. sour taste
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f. bubbles
19. a. eukaryotic cell; has nucleus and
organelles
b. 7
c. (6.3 we did not cover) – controls
materials that enter and exit cell
d. 8
e. 4
f. Proteins are synthesized at the ER (9),
then packaged and sent to the Golgi apparatus
(6) for further change.
d. CO2
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17. a. carbon dioxide and water; oxygen and
sugars such as glucose
b. They indicate that a series of reactions
takes place during each process.
c. They are related because each produces
chemicals used by the other; different because
photosynthesis stores energy in chemical
compounds, while cellular respiration transfers
that chemical energy to ATP
Page 157 cont.
Page 175
22. a. Both animals and plants carry out cellular
respiration.
16. a. chloroplast
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c. light reactions in the in the thylakoid; the
Calvin cycle in the stroma
2.
3.
4.
5.
C
D
B
C
7. 6CO2 + 6H20  C6H12O6 + 6O2
10. Energy released from the electron transport
chain is used to pump H+ ions across the
membrane into the thylakoid. The flow of H+
ions back out of the thylakoid powers ATP
production by ATP synthase
15. a. water
b. light reactions
c. oxygen
d. ATP
e. carbon dioxide
f. stroma
g. sugar
b. x is the stroma, y is the thylakoid, z is a
granum
18. The membrane enclosed compartments
within the chloroplast organize the various
reactions that are part of the overall process of
photosynthesis.
20. Each contains electron transport chains that
produce ATP; both occur inside specialized
organelles; photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide,
cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide;
photosynthesis uses water; cellular respiration
releases water.
24. a. Plants convert the energy in sunlight to
chemical energy in ATP and NADPH. This
chemical energy is then used to form sugar.
b. Without sunlight, the light reactions
cannot function. Without the products of the
light reactions (ATP and NADPH), the sugarproducing Calvin cycle cannot function.
c. The Calvin cycle actually produces a threecarbon sugar called G3P, which can then be
used to produce glucose and other organic
compounds.