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Bones, Muscles, and Skin Review
Chapter 1
_Bones, Muscles, and Skin Review____
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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. The process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external
environment is called
a. healing.
b. digestion.
c. homeostasis.
d. respiration.
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2. Messages are carried back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body by
a. respiratory tissue.
b. nervous tissue.
c. the circulatory system.
d. digestive tissue.
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3. Which type of muscle is found only in the heart?
a. voluntary muscle
b. cardiac muscle
c. smooth muscle
d. soft muscle
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4. Skeletal muscles must work in pairs because
a. muscle cells can only contract.
b. muscle cells can only extend.
c. it takes two muscles to move a bone in one direction.
d. when muscles work in pairs, they tire less quickly.
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5. How does the skin help regulate body temperature?
a. by removing wastes from the body
b. by blocking information about the environment
c. by enabling excess heat to escape from the body
d. by allowing body temperature to change when the weather becomes warmer or cooler
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6. Washing your skin helps prevent
a. skin cancer.
b. sunburn.
c. chapping.
d. acne.
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7. Nerves and blood vessels in the skin are located in the
a. pores.
b. dermis.
c. epidermis.
d. canals.
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8. The living cells in the epidermis are located
a. above the dead cells.
b. beneath the dead cells.
c. in the fat layer.
d. only around hair follicles.
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9. The pigment melanin in the skin functions to
a. keep water within the skin.
b. produce new living cells in the epidermis.
c. help protect the skin from sunburn.
d. surround and protect hair follicles.
Completion
Complete each statement.
10. Organs join to form a(n) __________________________________ that performs a major function.
11. Homeostasis can be upset by _______________________________, which is the reaction of the body and mind
to a threatening, challenging, or disturbing event.
12. Sweat gland produce perspiration, which reaches the surface through openings called _________________.
13. ________________________________ tissue provides support for your body and connects all its parts.
14. The type of involuntary muscle that moves food through the digestive tract is called ____________________
muscle.
15. A healthy __________________________ provides the raw materials and energy necessary for healthy skin.
16. The layer of skin that contains nerves and blood vessels is the ____________________________.
17. A muscle is attached to a bone by a connective tissue called a(n) ______________________________.
18. Skin cells produce ____________________________, which helps the digestive system absorb calcium.
19. The ____________________________ system enables movement of the body and internal organs.
20. A colored substance called ______________________________ helps to protect the skin from burning.
21. The ______________________________ is made of a clear, jellylike substance containing many cell structures
called organelles.
22. Limiting sun exposure helps to prevent skin ____________________, a disease in which cells divide
uncontrollably.
23. Washing your skin can help prevent a skin condition called ____________________.
24. The _____________________________ system supports and protects the body.
Word Choice
Circle the word that correctly completes the statement.
25. Tissues perform less / more complex jobs than organs.
26. The outermost layer of the skin is the dermis / epidermis.
27. Exercise helps to keep muscles healthy because exercise makes muscles thicker / thicker.
28. Involuntary / voluntary muscles are under conscious control.
Complete Table
Types of Muscles
Muscles
Location in Body
29.
Example/s of Action
Voluntary or
Involuntary
voluntary
30.
31.
Striated or
Not Striated
Not Striated
heart
Essay
All answers must be written using 6-traits, fully developed, and supported with details.
32. List and describe the four levels of organization of the human body.
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33. Describe how skin helps maintain body temperature if a person becomes too warm.
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34. Describe the life cycle of epidermal cells.
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35. Describe the three simple habits a person should do in order to keep his/her skin healthy. Be sure to explain how
these help a person’s skin.
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32. ANS:
Cells are the basic units of structure and function of living things. Tissues are groups of cells that are similar
in structure and perform the same function. Organs are groups of tissues that work together to perform a
complex function. Organ systems are groups of organs that work together to perform a major function.
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. D-6 | p. D-7 | p. D-8
OBJ: D.1.1.1 Identify the levels of organization in the body.
STA: F.8.1
BLM: comprehension
33. ANS:
Blood vessels in the skin enlarge to increase the amount of blood that flows through them. This allows heat to
move from the body into the outside environment. Sweat glands in the skin produce perspiration. As the
perspiration evaporates, it carries heat into the air.
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. D-31
OBJ: D.1.5.1 Describe the functions and the structures of skin. STA: F.8.1
BLM: comprehension
34. ANS:
Epidermal cells begin life deep in the epidermis where cells divide to form new cells. The new cells gradually
mature and move upward in the epidermis as new cells form beneath them. About two weeks after they are
formed, the cells die and become part of the surface layer of the epidermis. After another two weeks, dead
cells in the surface layer are shed and replaced by the dead cells below.
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. D-32
OBJ: D.1.5.1 Describe the functions and the structures of skin. STA: F.8.1
BLM: comprehension
35. ANS:
First, eating a well-balanced diet provides the energy and raw materials needed for the growth and
replacement of hair, nails, and skin cells. Be sure to drink plenty of water in order to replace the water lost
during perspiration. Second, keep skin clean with mild soap helps to get rid of dirt and harmful bacteria.
During the teenage years the oil glands are more active and can become clogged with oil, the blackheads and
whiteheads of acne can form. Finally, limiting sun exposure and wearing sunscreen. Too much sunlight
exposure can cause cancer and leathery and wrinkled skin. Wear tightly woven clothing and a hat, apply
sunscreen, and avoid sun exposure between the hours of 10 A.M. – 4 P.M.
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. D-34-35
BLM: completion