Name: ___________________________
Period: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Date: ______________
The Methods of Science
Choose the term from the word list that best completes each statement. Write the term in the blank at the left
of each statement.
experiment
model
standard
hypothesis
scientific law
theory
standard
1. An exact quantity that people agree to use for comparison is
a(n) ___________________.
Theory
2. An explanation based on many observations
supported by experimental results is a(n) _____________.
Law
3. A statement about what happens in nature that seems to be
true all the time is a(n) __________________________.
Hypothesis
4. An educated guess using what you know and observe is a(n)
________________.
Experiment
5. A hypothesis can be tested by conducting a(n)
________________.
Choose the answer that best completes each of the following sentences. Write the letter for that answer on
the line to the left of each question.
_______6. When using the scientific method, the first step is to ____.
a.
analyze the data
c.
state a hypothesis
b.
list a procedure
d.
state the problem
_______ 7. A rule or principle that describes what happens in nature is a ____.
a.
hypothesis
c.
scientific law
b.
problem
d.
theory
_______ 8. A factor that does NOT change in an experiment is the ____.
a.
constant
c.
dependent variable
b.
theory
d.
hypothesis
_______9. An explanation of an event that is based on repeated observations and experiments
is a ___________.
a.
hypothesis
c.
problem
b.
scientific law
d.
theory
Use complete sentences to answer the following questions.
10. Can a diagram be used as a model? Explain.
A diagram can be used as a model. It can display information from a lab or any other type of
research.
12. Sequence the following steps: scientific law, problem, theory, hypothesis, experiment.
problem, hypothesis, experiment, theory, law
13. A scientist designed an experiment to see if plants require sunlight to grow. Twenty-four
growing plants were placed in a dark closet. Two weeks later all of the plants were dead.
Does the experiment demonstrate that the plants require sunlight? Explain.
No. There are no controls in the experiment to confirm that the lack of sunlight caused the plants to
die. This is what our instincts would tell us, not what the experiment would tell us.
1-2 & 1-3 Section Review
Choose the term from the word list that best completes each statement.
of each statement.
Celsius
information
density
Kelvin
graph
mass
Write the term in the blank at the left
volume
x-axis
y-axis
graph
14. A visual display of data or information is a _____________.
y-axis
15. In a line graph, the dependent variable is plotted on the
_________________.
x-axis
16. In a line graph, the independent variable is plotted on the
_________________.
information
17. Graphs are a quick way of communicating a lot of ____________
in a small space.
density
18 . Mass per unit volume of material is ________________.
volume
19. The amount of space occupied by a substance is its _________.
Kelvin
20 . Absolute zero is zero on the __________________ scale.
Choose the answer that best completes each of the following sentences. Write the letter for that answer on
the line to the left of each question.
_______ 21. The variable plotted on the horizontal or x-axis is called the ____.
a.
dependent variable
c.
variable with the largest range
b.
independent variable
d.
variable with the smallest range
_______22. How many meters are there in 1,865 cm?
a.
0.1865
c.
18.65
b.
1.865
d.
186.5
_______ 23. One benefit of the SI system is that it is ____.
a.
based on units of 100
c.
b.
not used to measure temperature d.
based on multiples of ten
not used in the United States
_______ 24. A beaker contains 0.32 L of water. What is the volume of this water in milliliters?
a.
320 mL
c.
32 mL
b.
3.2 mL
d.
0.32 mL
_______ 25. A box is 25 cm long, 6 cm wide, and 4 cm high. How many cubic centimeters of
water can it hold?
a.
600
c.
150
b.
25
d.
24
_______ 26. A measurement standard is defined as ____.
a.
a system of prefixes
b.
the distance between two points
c.
the exact quantity people agree to use for comparison
d.
the interval between two events
Match each item with the correct statement below.
f
27. SI unit of time
a. milli-
i
28. SI unit of length
b. kilo-
a
29. SI prefix meaning 0.001
c. centi-
k
30. worldwide system of measurement
d. mass
b
31. SI prefix meaning 1,000
e. Kelvin
j
32. plotted on the vertical or y-axis
f. second
e
33. SI unit of temperature
g. kilogram
g
34. SI unit of mass
h. cubic centimeter
c
35. SI prefix meaning 0.01
i. meter
h
36. derived unit of volume
j. dependent variable
k. SI
Use complete sentences to answer the following questions.
37. A "cubit" is the distance from your elbow to the end of your middle finger. Describe the
problem that will occur if your friend measures a table in cubits and you measure a door
opening in cubits to see if the table will fit.
Everyone’s cubit will be different in size. When you measure something you must agree on a
standard that will be the same for everyone measuring the object.
38. List three athletic events that do NOT use the SI system of measurement.
Nascar (miles), swimming (yards), football (yards)
39. Arrange each of the following in order from largest to smallest: centimeter, kilometers,
meters, micrometers, millimeters.
Dissolved Sugar (g)
kilometer, meter, centimeter, millimeter, micrometer
Figure 1-3
Water Temperature (C)
40. Use the graph in Figure 1-3 to find the number of grams of sugar that will
dissolve at 80ºC.
400g
41. Use the graph in Figure 1-3 to find the temperature, in Celsius, that will dissolve 300 g of
sugar.
60 degrees Celsius
42. What is the dependent variable in the graph shown on Figure 1-3? Dissolved Sugar
43. What type of graph is shown in Figure 1-3?
Solubility Graph --- Line Graph
44. Use the graph in Figure 1-3 to find the temperature, in Kelvin, that will dissolve 400 g of
sugar.
353 K