PreAP Biology
TGT Questions
Chapter 4
*****Know Organelles & their Functions******
1.
What is a hypertonic solution?
2.
What is the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis?
3.
What does “selectively permeable” mean?
4.
In the sodium potassium pump, how many sodium and potassium ions are carried per ATP molecule?
5.
What is the driving force behind passive transport?
6.
Which part of the phospholipid bilayer is hydrophobic?
7.
What is endocytosis?
8.
What is turgor pressure?
9.
What is the function of the glycolipids/glycoproteins in your cell membrane?
10. What is the function of cholesterol in your cell membrane?
11. A protist is placed in a hypotonic environment and dies. What happened?
12. What is the difference between active and passive transport?
13. What is the definition of cytolysis?
14. What kind of molecules use facilitated diffusion to cross the cell membrane?
15. Carrier proteins move molecules by changing their
16. A cell with low turgor pressure is probably in a
environment.
17. During the lab, why did the dialysis tube turn black?
18. Why are cell membranes fluid?
19. Why did Aunt Prunilda’s jam not spoil?
20. Which class of organic molecules are involved in moving substances across the membrane?
21. What happens to a cell placed in an isotonic environment?
22. What is the definition of plasmolysis?
23. What kind of molecules move during osmosis?
24. What is a solute?
25. What would happen to a fresh water protist that was placed in saltwater?
26. A cell placed in a hypertonic environment will move its water molecules until
27. Wilting is caused by
28. What happened when you put your elodea leaf in salt solution?
29. What organisms have prokaryotic cells?
30. Which organelle is involved in the manufacture of lipids and hormones?
31. Name 3 structures common to all eukaryotic cells?
32. Which organelle controls all cellular functions?
33. Which organelle is responsible for modifying proteins?
34. What are the 3 parts of modern cell theory?
35. What is the smallest unit of living organisms?
36. In which kind of cells do you find a nucleus (prokaryote, eukaryote, both)?
37. What is the function of a nucleolus?
38. Which organelle is involved in the manufacture of ATP?
39. What is the function of flagella?
40. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus (body)?
41. Which kinds of cell junctions are found in animals, but not plants?
42. Which part of the cell governs what enters/leaves the cell?
43. Vesicles that contain digestive enzymes are known as _____________
44. What is the function of the chloroplast?
45. Which organelle neutralizes hydrogen peroxide?
46. What is the function of a ribosome?
47. How is facilitate diffusion different from regular diffusion?
48. Why must cells remain small in size?
49. List the organelle pathway for proteins to be made and then excreted from the cell.
50. What is the advantage of cells having organelles?
51. What do Eukaryotic cells have that Prokaryotic cells do NOT have?
52. What do plant cells have that animal cells do NOT have (list all 3 we discussed)?
PreAP Biology
TGT Answers
Chapter 4
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A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes
Pinocytosis takes in small molecules, phagocytosis takes in large molecules
Some molecules can get through, but not all
3 sodium out, 2 potassium in.
Concentration gradients
The interior—where the hydrocarbon tails are located
Cells ingest particles too big to fit through channels and carrier proteins.
Force of central vacuole on cell wall of a plant cell
Cell recognition, adhesion, signal reception
Regulate fluidity of membrane
Water entered the protist by osmosis
Active transport involved ATP, Passive transport is always from high to low concentration
Cells take in water and swell up and burst.
Glucose
Shape
Hypertonic
Iodine diffused into the bag.
Their hydrocarbon tails cannot pack tightly together due to cholesterol and double bonds.
Bacteria landing on it went through plasmolysis and died.
Proteins
It does not change size.
Cells lose water and shrink in size
Water molecules
A molecule dissolved in a solvent.
It would plasmolyze (shrink)
Equilibrium
Low turgor pressure, plasmolysis
The cytoplasm (chloroplasts) bunched up in the middle because of plasmolysis.
Bacteria
Smooth ER
Nucleus, vacuoles, mitochondria, ribosomes, cell membrane, lysosomes
Nucleus
Rough ER
All living things are made of cells; Cells come from other cells; Cells are the structure/functional unit of life.
The cell
Eukaryote only
Ribosome production
Mitochondria
Movement
Processes and packages proteins for export out of the cell
Tight junctions, desmosomes, gap junctions
Cell membrane
Lysosomes
Produce glucose from photosynthesis
Peroxisome
Makes proteins
Facilitated diffusion requires the use of proteins while regular diffusion does not
To meet their diffusion needs because the volume of the cell will increase faster than the surface area will
Ribosome
Rough ER
Golgi
Vesicle for transport to the cell membrane
Creates compartmentalization for the cell. It allows the cell to run reactions in different areas and not have the reactions conflict
with each other.
Nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Chloroplasts, cell wall, plasmodesmata