Chapter 8
Flash Cards
CYCLE
Erosion
& Deposition
WEATTHERING
EROSION
DEPOSITION
Never ending…
5
AGENTS
OF
EROSION
Water running
Wind
Waves
Gravity
Glaciers
3w’s +2G’s
Sediment
Material moved by erosion
(mud;stuff)
Deposition
When sediment get
DEPOSITED or
dropped/placed down by
Wind,waves, running water, gravity or glaciers
Gravity
Whatever goes UP will COME DOWN!
A FORCE that moves stuff
downhill
4 kinds
of
“mass movement”
Creep
The process when stuff
moves downhill
1. landslide
2. mudflow
3. slump
4. creep
VERY slow movement
of soil downhill
over time
Slump
ONE large rock chunk that
falls QUICKLY
mudflow
landslide
Dry rock, soil goes
downhill FAST
??
Moving water !!!
Major erosion agent
??
WHERE can
RAIN
Go?
runoff
1.
2.
3.
4.
sink into ground
evaporate
plants drink it
move over land
Water that moves
over the Earth’s
surface
(doesn’t sink in)
runoff
Rill
Water path sizes
,
r,
r, G
S
R
Gully
Stream
River
rills
Tiny grooves in the land
made by running water
gullies
Large grooves, or
channels, in the soil
Formed by running water
??
What affects
RUNOFF
Tributary
1. how much rain
2. how much vegetation
3. type of soil
4. steepness of land
5. human use of land
A littler stream
that flows
into a larger stream
of water
drainage basin
LAND area (bowl)
From which
a river & its tributaries
get their water
A divide
High ground
Between
drainage basins
Rivers form
V-SHAPED valleys
? HOW ?
Near source (up in mountains) steep;
runs fast; digs a “V”
Waterfall
Formation
Flood plain
FLAT, wide land area along
a river;
where the river overflows
onto the banks
A bend in a river
A meander
Oxbow lake
Word comes from ox’s
harness
WHEN do rivers
deposit sediment?
When the flow
SLOWS down;
the sediment settles
on bottom
Alluvial fan
At bottom of mountain
delta
Fan shaped, BUT at mouth
of river; flat plain area –
not mountain
Flood plains
Are fertile
b/c of all the rich
sediment that
becomes soil
WHY??
groundwater
EASY !
Water IN THE GROUND
Stala tite
Vs.
Stala mite
stalactite = ceiling
(also ‘tite –top) ttttt
Stalagmite
KARST topography
Sinkhole; caverns
Because of limestone
The ABILITY to do WORK
energy
POTENTIAL
ENERGY
STORED UP energy
KINETIC
ENERGY
An object’s energy
because of
its MOTION
Water moving down
A slope
ENERGY
INCREASES !
??
Load
is the AMOUNT
of sediment
that
a river carries
Abrasion
The wearing away of rock
By a grinding action
A river’s LOAD
Rocks bump & grind on
bottom as river flows
HOW does most
SEDIMENT enter a river?
#1 WAY = mass movement
and runoff
 Erodes from bottom &
sides of river
 Wind drops sediment
into river
 abrasion
How
is sediment transported
in a river?
What FACTORS
determine show fast
a river flows?
1. BIG particles
roll & slide
2. smaller sediment
carried by the river
3. dissolved sediment
carried in solution
1. river’s slope – how
STEEP
2. VOLUME of water
S ,
V ,
SH
3. SHAPE of streambed
Shallow = slow
Deep = fast
Its STEEPness
What is a river’s
SLOPE
Steep
Fast
or
little slope
slow
River VOLUME
During Flooding
Volume = how MUCH
??
MUCH MUCH MORE
increases