Honors Earth/Space Science
Name ________________________
GEODE – Mountain Building Notes
Period ______ Date ___________
Open the GEODE Folder and click on the Flash Player Icon. Mouse over “Forces Within” and
select Mountain Building or enter “1005” in the box in the bottom right-hand corner.
1. What causes mountains to form? ____________________________________________________
2. What are the three types of geologic structures? ________________________________________
3. ___________________________ ________________ is uniform in all directions, causing the
volume of rocks to be reduced.
4. Rocks in the upper crust are _________________________ so they usually fracture when
deformed.
5. At greater depths, rocks become ___________________________ and deform by folding or
flowing.
6. ___________________________ ________________ is produced along plate margins and
produces most crustal deformation.
7. Shortening of rocks is caused by ____________________________________________________.
8. Elongation of rocks is caused by ____________________________________________________.
9. ______________________of rocks results when differential stress causes rocks to move passed
each other.
10. Folds result _____________________________________________________________________
11. Two most common types of folds are ________________________ and
______________________.
12. An example of a mountain range made of folded sedimentary rock is the _____________________
______________________________________________________________________________.
13. ______________________________________________ are the result of vertical motion on faults.
14. Faults are ______________________________________________________________________.
15. When movement on a fault is parallel to the inclination of the fault surface, the fault is called
__________-slip.
16. A fault ___________________________ is produced when vertical displacement creates low cliffs.
17. The ____________________________________________ wall is the rock ABOVE the fault zone.
18. The ____________________________________________wall is the rock BELOW the fault zone.
19. The hanging wall moves DOWN relative to the footwall in ____________________________ faults.
20. Two examples of mountain ranges created by normal faults include ______________________ and
______________________________________________________________________________.
21. Normal faults occur in regions experiencing ____________________________________ stresses.
22. The hanging wall moves UP relative to the footwall in _______________________________faults.
23. Thrust faults are __________________________________________ faults that dip less than 45°.
24. Three examples of mountains created by thrust faults are ________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
25. Thrust and reverse faults occur in regions experiencing ___________________________stresses.
26. Strike-slip faults are the result of ____________________________ displacement parallel to the
fault surface.
27. The largest strike slip faults are __________________________________________ boundaries.
28. An example of a strike slip fault on land is the _________________________________________
29. Fractures with very little to no displacement are called ___________________________________.
30. When igneous rocks cool and shrink elongated pillar-like columns form and are separated by
_____________________ ______________________.
31. The Cascade Mountains are the result of _____________________________________________.
32. Collisional Mountain Ranges occur at _____________________________________ boundaries.
33. Convergence can cause enormous ________________________________ stresses that result in
folding and faulting seen in the Appalachians, Rockies, Alps, Himalaya, and Andes.
34. Accreted crustal blocks are called ________________________ and are common in Western North
America.
Complete the Table Below
Plate Boundary
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Direction of Stress
Type of Faulting
Type & Example of
Mountain Range