Manipulating interionic interactions in ionic liquids. Molecular to macroscale. Interfaces at all length scales. Ions interacting in the screened environment. Molecular Basis Companies Infineum UK Ltd Steve Arrowsmith Lubrizol Ltd, UK, Oliver Smith Ricardo Uk, Ltd, Craig Goodfellow. BASF MERCK (Solvent Innovation) William Pitner Cytec Collaborators Doug McFarlane (CSIRO) Barbara Kirchner (Leipzig) Peter Wasserscheid (DFG Program) Maxium Fedorov (Leipzig) Jacob Klein (Israel) Malcom Fox at Leeds Weingartner Paul Truelove (American Airforce) NIST Austin Angel James -> PV Cells Antony ->Fuel Cells Tom Ion pairing Ion diffusion Conductivity Viscosity Relationship with ionic liquid molecular structure. Make ionic liquids (inc new ones) Surface modification. Mass spec of ion aggregation Susan/Bart Structures of ILs at solid/IL interface Effect of surface charge on the above Viscosity and friction forces of confined IL (mechanical properties at molecular scale) Effect of ionic structure on these properties Direct measurement of Ion-ion interactions (AFM) Local electronic effects between IL and electrode cf insulating surfaces. Hydrophobicity, micelle formation aggregation Effect of added water/oil on thin film properties, lubrication etc. Solid-liquid Glass transition, phase transition when Il is confined between surfaces. Functionalizing IL to tune in to loading for lubrication. Tim Electrochemical characterization (layer structure capacitance charge) Adsorption of IL to surface Imaging of the interface and electronic structure characterization. Characterization (measurements) of molecular dynamics) Surface spectroscopy? (SEIRA, SER(R)S) Theory Tricia: orientation vs energy Potential energy surfaces (walk an ion over a surface) Compute IR and Raman spectra Apply electrostatic potential across ionic liquid QM electronic structure ie energy of interaction of ion pairs, gas phase, solution, solid Atomic level resolution of the electrostatics Competitive interactions Alexei: MD simulations of IL at, dynamics Viscosity, diffusion, of ionic liquids