Med Partnership UNESCO-IHP subcomponent 1.1. “Management of coastal aquifer and
groundwater”
Activity 1.1. 2. 2. Integration of groundwater and coastal aquifer management in ICZM
and IWRM planning systems
HYDROGEOLOGICAL REPORT OF
BUNA BASIN
(Albanian portion)
First draft
By
Dr. Hamdi BESHKU
Albanian Geological Survey
April 2012
1
Table of Content
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3
1. General geological panorama ..................................................................................................... 4
2. Hydrogeology ............................................................................................................................. 5
2. 1. Groundwaters and related formations ................................................................................ 5
2. 1.1. Porous (friable) aquifer (Buna alluvial aquifer) .......................................................... 5
2. 1. 2 Hydraulic properties..................................................................................................... 5
2. 1. 3. Piezometric level.......................................................................................................... 7
2.1. 4. Aquifer type................................................................................................................... 7
2. 2. Fissured and karstic aquifers .............................................................................................. 7
3. Composition of the groundwater ................................................................................................ 9
4. Hydrogeological balance sheet ................................................................................................. 11
5.1. Groundwater resources ...................................................................................................... 11
5.2 Groundwater exploitation ................................................................................................... 11
5. Problems related to groundwater .............................................................................................. 12
6. Conclusions and recommendations........................................................................................... 13
References ..................................................................................................................................... 14
Annex 1 Boreholes ( location and piezometric level) ................................................................... 16
Annex 2 The hydraulic properties of the aquifer and the chemical composition of
groundwaters ................................................................................................................................. 17
Annex 3
Hydrogeological Map of Buna Basin ..................................................................... 18
2
Introduction
Hydrogeological studies of the Buna coastal aquifer area started in the 1950s. They have been
intensive and systematic up to 1990. In the framework of these studies, many testing and
drinking water supply boreholes have been installed. In general, these have been small diameter
rotary borings of up to 200 m in depth. The primary data on boreholes, field data on the
hydrogeological investigations and the respective maps of different aquifers are stored in the
Central Archive of the Albanian Geological Survey. In majority of the cases they are in the paper
format, but more recently numerous maps and borehole logs have been digitally created in Auto
Cad as well.
In reference to the aquifer assessment, pumping tests are carried out and at the same time, data
on the geometry of the aquifer are collected. During 2005-2009, a qualitative monitoring of
groundwater was carried out at the Trush station, which supplies drinking water for Velipoja.
It should be noted also that during the last twenty years, private companies installed numerous
boring wells, but their data are not available.
Data from the hydrogeological studies of the aquifer are stored in a database which was
populated by the extensive data of the Central Archive of the Albanian Geological Survey. The
majority of the data on the piezometric levels and chemical composition were collected prior to
1990.
The following hydrogeological drilling wells have been installed:
(I)
(II)
(III)
(IV)
30 wells for the aquifer geometry and the piezometric level of the groundwater;
9 wells for the total thickness of the alluvial deposits;
27 wells for the assessment of aquifer hydraulic parameters; and
28 wells for the assessment of the chemical composition.
The hydrogeological map of the aquifer has been established in cooperation with a GIS expert.
The geological basemap is compiled according to a new geological map of Albania at the scale
of 1:200000 (Xhomo A. et al. 2002).
3
1. General geological panorama
The Buna river basin occupies a relatively small area, but it is situated in a highly complicated
geological context.Mesozoic and Cenozoic deposits are widely spread. Three major tectonic
units outcrop in this sector: the Albanian Alps (High Karst in Montenegro), Krasta - Cukali
(Budva) and Kruja (Dalmatian) zones. The Alps traverse the Krasta- Cukali zone, while the last
one overthrust the Kruja zone( Xhomo A. et al. 2002).
The Buna River takes the streamflow from Lake Skadar, which is a graben structure. Its margins
are defined by normal faults produced during the Pliocene-Quaternary extensional tectonic
phase. This phase was responsible for the major modeling of this region and other areas of
Albania (Melo V. 2001, Xhomo A. et al. 2002). During this phase, the high mountainous reliefs
of the Alps and Shkodra Plio-Quaternary depressions were created. Numerous young neotectonic
faults further complicate the geological landscape.
The Shkoder-Peja major fault originates in this area, while the Alps disappear, only to reappear
in Greece (Parnassus zone).
The western margin of Skadar Lake is bordered by the Mesozoic limestone of the Taraboshi
Mountain. The limestones extends into the lake area. At this margin, numerous faults
havedeveloped: The cross cutting fault running through the city of Shkodër divides the
grabenlake with Paleogene flysch hills of Tepe area. In the southern part, the flysch deposits and
Triassic limestone of Rozafa castle are intersected by another fault juxtaposing the last ones with
Quaternary alluvial deposits. Another young fault of sliding typebordersthe Triassic limestone of
the Rozafa castle with Maastrichtian flysch of Tepe area (Melo V. 2001).
Upper Cretaceous-Eocene deposits and Lower Oligocene flysch are found in the Kruja zone.
They show northwestern strikes and are composed of Renci and Kakarriqi anticlines (Nakuçi et
al. 1979, 1981; Shehu H. et al. 1975). Paleocene-Eocene siltstone flysch is found at the
northwestern corner and in the Berdice hills (Shehu H. et al.1975;Nakuçi et al. 1979).
Quaternary deposits are common in the area. They are characterized by Pleistocene-Holocene
alluvial-prolluvial mixed deposits and Holocene alluvial, marsh-lake lagoon sediments. These
alluvial sediments are composed of sands, gravels, and siltstones which are found along the
stream flows and their mouths. Alluvial deposits extend into the plain areas. They are visible in
the surface from Drini River in the northeast to Gjymti Mountain in southwest and in the
Velipoja plain as well. The thickness ranges from 11.5 to 65 m. In the section lower part, the
deposits are composed of gravels, whereas in the upper parts they exhibit a finer nature and are
characterized by siltstones, sands, mud, etc. (Xhomo A. et. al. 2002, Hoxha J. et al. 2009).
The marsh-lake deposits cropping out in Pentare swamp are composed of siltstones, mud and
sands. They are closely intercalated with peats and rich organic matter sediments. The lagoon
deposits of the Buna River that are present in its fan area are composed of mud-silt-siltstone
layers.
4
2. Hydrogeology
2. 1. Groundwaters and related formations
Water bearing capacity and groundwater vulnerability are dependent upon the aquifer formation
properties. Two principal aquifers are present in this area1:
1)
2)
Quaternary friable aquifer located in the plain terrain of the Buna River flow; and
Karstic fissured aquifer located near the Taraboshi and Renc-Kakarriqi anticlines of
the NW and SE parts.
2. 1.1. Porous (friable) aquifer (Buna alluvial aquifer)
The Buna alluvial aquifer extends across the plain terrain of Buna River flow. It is located on
relatively permeable rocks. According to the hydrogeological well logs, the formations indicate
different lithologic and hydraulic features (Keta Z. et al. 1988, Tyli N. 1983, 1986, 1987,
Babameto A. 1969, 1972, Tartari M, 1972, Gjata A. et al. 1965).
The nature and geometry of the aquifer is related to the river, fan, and littoral and marine
environment development. In addition, the pre Quaternary paleo relief and in particular the Renci
structure extension played an important role in its development (Durmishi Ç. et al. 2005).
The groundwater resources are concentrated in gravel and sand sediments. For the most part,
siltstones overlap the water bearing gravels and sands. The gravel-sand pack and the siltstone
portion of the cover vary in their respective thicknesses. In general, the thickness of the cover in
the southwestern direction. The variationof the cover thickness over the area is shown in the fig.
1. It ranges from 4 to 10 m nearby Drini River. In the central part of the Velipoja plain, its
thickness goes up to 20-30.5 m.
2. 1. 2 Hydraulic properties
The hydraulic properties of the aquifer are determined through pumping tests carried out over
time (see the quoted references). Regarding the hydraulic properties of the aquifer and the well
capacities, the results largely differ according to the well-drilling method applied. The capacity
of the percussion-drilled wells and the calculated aquifer characteristics are usually five to ten
times higher than those obtained from small diameter rotary wells (Eftimi R, 2010).
The filtration coefficient values are shown in the Annex 2. They are varied nature, but the
predominant values range from 10 to 100 m/d.
The maps of hydraulic parameters for the gravelly basin of Buna (fig. 2) show that the areas
with higher hydraulic parameter values are located in the Drini River flank and in the central part
of Buna River plain.
Transmissivity values show a large variation ranging from 28 m2/d to 9345 m2/d. The average is
about 1166 m2/d. The variation of the aquifer transmissivity over the area is set forth in fig. 2.
1
Gjata A. et al. 1965, Eftimi R. et al. 1983, Eftimi R. 2010, Dakoli H. et al. 2007
5
Fig. 1. Cover thickness of the groundwater
Fig. 2
Values of the transmissivity parameter (m2/d)
6
2. 1. 3. Piezometric level
The interpretations of the piezometric level variations are based on historic data which were
collected in different years and seasons. In consequence, these interpretations must be taken with
a grain of salt. At any rate, the piezometric level varies from 4.1m below the ground level to 1 m
above the ground level (annex 1).
Regarding the sea level, it ranges from + 0.2 m (Velipoja plain) to +11.95 m (next to Drini river
margin). The most recent data on the piezometric level come from2 boreholes drilled in Trush.
For the well drilled in 1964, the piezometric level was 1 m above the ground level. The well
drilled in 2008for the drinking water supply to Velipoja, however, indicated that the piezometric
level on September 7, 2008 was1 m below the ground level (Gelaj A. 2008).
The well shown in photo no. 1 (taken on December 9, 2008), demonstrates an artesian nature,
with a measured piezometric level of 0.46 m above the ground level.
Photo 1. Artesian hydrogeological well (Trush, on December 9, 2008)
The aquifer is fed by the Drini River. The groundwater begins flowing into the aquifer in the
areas where the gravel and sand sequences are in contact with the riverbed. The flow of
groundwater from the riverbed is in the southwest direction. The mean hydraulic gradient of
aquifer is assessed at 0.00086 m/m. It must be emphasized that the hydrologic boundaries of the
Buna River Basin do not correspond exactly to aquifer hydrogeological boundaries. In the
northeastern part, the aquifer boundaries are extended several kilometers away from hydrologic
basin, going up to the Drini River banks.
2.1. 4. Aquifer type
From a hydrogeological point of view, the Buna plain may be characterized as a subartesian
aquifer; theTrushi Poshtem sector is artesian in nature; and the Drini River margin displays a free
surface.
2. 2. Fissured and karstic aquifers
7
The most important fissured and karstic aquifer is the one located in the northwestern part of the
Renci anticline structure. It is composed of limestone and dolomite limestone of shallow facies.
At north of the road to Velipoja, the main portion of the aquifer branches out into two smaller
parts overlain by the Pentare swamp. The karst manifestations are numerous and are represented
by funnels, caves, field holes and so on. Hydrogeological maps exist at different scales for this
aquifer, but no drilling has been performed here.
The annual mean effective infiltration of the aquifer is estimated up to 800 mm/year (Eftimi R. et
al. 1983). There are 4 springs in this zone with discharges from 3 to 10 l/sec (Tafilaj I. 1980, Tyli
N, 1987). The total yield is 25 l/sec (Babameto A. 1972). These springs are used by the
inhabitants for drinking water.
Only a small part of the coastal karstic aquifer has been studied. The largest part of this aquifer
extending up to 16 km occurs outside the investigated area.
8
3. Composition of the groundwater
The chemical composition of the groundwater was assessed primarily before 1990. The
groundwater contains the following components: (Na+ + K+), Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3- , Cl-, SO42-,
NH4+, NO3-, NO2, and pH, Mp (mineralization), Fp (hardness).
According to the available data, the groundwater of the Buna River basin is concentrated in two
major areas with different chemical compositions. The area situated at the north of Gjymti
Mountain is characterized by groundwater of good physical-chemical properties.
The carbonate deposits of Renci anticline and in particular the flysch deposits at its limbs have
blocked sea water intrusion toward the north. The total mineralization of this zone varies from
212 mg/l to 952 mg/l, being within the limits established for drinking water standards.
During the period of 2005-2009, chemical analyses were carried each year in the month of June
at the Velipoja water storage station which supplies drinking water to the region (Gelaj A. 2009).
Comparisons of these chemical analyzes with respect to those undertaken in June of 1964 are set
forth in Figures 3 and 4 (Gjata A., et al.1965).
35
Contents, mg/l
30
25
20
(Na+K) (mg/l)
15
Cl (mg/l)
10
5
0
June
1964
June
2006
June
2007
June
2008
June
2009
Fig. 3 The comparison of the Cl- and(Na+ + K+) behavior (2006-2009 period) with 1964 year
At south of Gjymti Mountain, in the whole of the Velipoja plain, the ground water is saline in
nature and its total mineralization varies from 4.06 gr/l to 16.39 gr/l.
9
Mineralization (mg/l)
400
300
200
100
0
June 1964
June 2006
June 2007
June 2008
June 2009
Fig. 4. The comparison of the mineralization (2006-2009 period) with 1964 year
10
4. Hydrogeological balance sheet
5.1. Groundwater resources
Dynamic resources in the aquifer are calculated with Darcy formula:
Q = Tm∙L∙i
Where:
Q – Dynamic resources m3/s
L – Width of the feeding source
Tm – Mean transmissivity m2/d
I – Hydraulic gradient m/m
The parameter values are as follow: Tm – 4096.47 m2/d, L – 8100 m, I – 0.00086 m/m.
In conclusion, the dynamic resources are Q =28536.04 m3/d (330.26 l/s)
5.2 Groundwater exploitation
Based on available data, the dynamic resources feeding the Buna river aquifer amount to330 l/s,
while the rate of groundwater exploited in the Albanian part amounts to 150 l/s. This last figure
corresponds to the concentrated and harmonized water supply. In this way, the exploitation
coefficient of the aquifer does not exceed 46 %. Nevertheless it is wise to be careful with this
estimation rate because it does not take private wells into consideration.
The actual exploitation of the groundwater is made possible by pumping stations located in 4
areas of the aquifer (see Tab.1 below). This water utility is public. The data on the exploited
groundwater are provided by village water supply enterprise. The overall exploitation is
estimated at around 150 l/sec.
It must be mentioned that numerous wells drilled by private entities also operate in this aquifer.
The groundwater is used for drinking and sometime for irrigation. To date, no inventory of these
illegal wells has been made.
Tab. 1 Pumping stations and the quantity of the exploited groundwater
Pumping station
Exploited quantity
Mode of use
l/s
Trush, Velipoje
100
water supply
Berdice
25
"
Berdice, Zues
10
"
Oblike
15
"
"
SUM
150
11
5. Problems related to groundwater
As mentioned previously, the data on the exploitation rate and the chemical composition of the
groundwater of Buna area were collected primarily prior to 1990. Due to important demographic
movement occurred the last 20 years, it is clear that this data does not reflect the current
situation. The water resources are subject to multiple degradations due to private activities.
We acknowledge that protection and sustainable management of groundwater resources could be
improved by addressing the lack of inventory of the available operating wells, the absence of the
monitoring network and the lack of vulnerability assessments.
Furthermore, the water protection zones from the pollution are partially in function and only a
limited zone around the wells capping exist. Two principal factors are decisive here: state - wide
protection of groundwater, and the implementation of special precautions in water–protection
zones.
12
6. Conclusions and recommendations





The Buna hydrologic basin is composed of Quaternary alluvial aquifer and the fissured /
karstic aquifer.
The nature and geometry of the aquifer is related to river, fan, littoral and marine
environment development and pre Quaternary paleo relief.
Generally the aquifer hydraulic parameters are of high values. The estimated dynamic
resources reach up to 330 l/s, from which in the Albanian territory are exploited up to 150
l/s.
The fissured / karstic aquifers show a limited development. The karst formations indicate
excellent potential in areas in contact with non-permeable deposits, numerous springs are
present with discharges of about 25 l/s.
The chemical composition of the groundwater in this basin may be summarized as
follows: the groundwater of the alluvial aquifer located at the north of Gjymti Mountain
and the karstic springs display good physical-chemical properties and compliant with
current drinking water standards; the Velipoja plain groundwaters have experienced sea
water intrusion and are therefore saline and unusable.
As mentioned previously, the data on piezometric levels and the water quality were collected
primarily prior to 1990. Furthermore, there is a lack of data regarding hydrogeological activities
undertaken by private activities since this date. Therefore, the uncertainties resulting from the
age of the existing data and the lack of other data must be taken into account when considering
these conclusions.
Recommendations
The most important objective of sustainable water management is to protect water resources
while providing the people in the Buna River area with high quality drinking water. In this
context we recommend:






To inventory and to assess the exploitation of the drinking water in all active wells of the
Buna river basin;
To assess the water quality through the regular sampling and analyses;
To estimate the vulnerabilities of the aquifer basin;
To establish a water monitoring network;
To prepare the code (regulations) pertaining to aquifer geometry with a view to improve
protection of the groundwater zones; and
To define the water capping protection zones.
13
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Babameto A. (1969) – Report on hydrogeological works in Shkodra district. Central
Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Babmameto A. (1972) – Report on Oblike village. Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in
Albanian).
Babameto A. (1972) – Report on the water supply of Velipoja beach. Central Archive of
AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Dakoli H. and Dindi E. (2007) –Applicative hydrogeology. Maluka Publishing House,
Tirana (in Albanian)
Durmishi Ç., Beshku H., Shkupi D. (2005) – Study the geological-geophysical and
sediment-monitoring of the Albanian coastal zone and its impacts in the development of
urban and tourist infrastructure. "Impacts on urban infrastructure development, for one
tourism planning, management and sustainable management”. Central Archives of AGS,
Tirana(in Albanian)
Eftimi R., Tafili I., Bisha G, and Habibaj L. (1983) – Hydrogeological Map of Albania at
the scale 1: 200.000. Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Eftimi R.(2010) – Hydrogeological characteristics of Albania.
http: //aquamundi.scribo.it/wp-/content/uploads/2010/07/Am01012.pdf
Gelaj A. (2008) – Hydrogeological borehole in TrushiPoshtem. Central Archive of AGS,
Tirana (in Albanian).
10.
Gelaj A. (2009) – Monitoring of groundwater in Drini Basin of Albania. Central Archive of AGS,
Tirana (in Albanian).
11.
Gjata A., Lako A., Eftimi R., Tyli N. (1965) – Hydrogeology of Tirane-Koplik area.
Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Hoxha J., Kuliçi H., Cara F. (2009) – Quaternary deposits in the geological structures of
Albanides. UPT, Inst. Geosciences, Tirana, p. 201-213
Keta Z., Babameto A., Haxhia P. (1988) – Project on the complex mapping at the scale 1:
25.000 of Bregu I Bunes-FushaZadrimes-Velipoje-Lezhe. Central Archive of AGS, Tirana
(in Albanian).
Melo V. (2001) – Nappe tectonics in Milot-Spiten-Shkoder area. Archive of Faculty of
Geology and Mining,Tirane (in Albanian).
Nakuçi V., Berberi A., Prifti I., Xhelili G., Karçanaj G., Jançe L., Jani E., Jani E., ÇelaRr.,
Shehu Sh., Hyska H. ( (1981) – Geological-geophysical studies of Shkoder-Zadrime area.
Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Nakuçi V., Goraj H., Iljazi F. ( 1979) – Geology and oil and gas perspective of LezheShkoder area. Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Shehu H., Sadushi P., Ylli L., Shehu D., Kici V., Skela V., Druga Dh. (1975) –
Stratigraphy of Paleogeneterrigenous deposits in Kruja tectonic zone. Central Archive of
AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Tartari M. (1972) – Report on village water supply. Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in
Albanian).
Tafilaj I. (1980) – Report on the technologic water supply with 6 l/sec. Central Archive of
AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Tyli N. (1987) – Report for the water supply of Muriqan, Mali Kolaj. Mali Gjymtit
(Shkoder). Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
14
21.
22.
23.
Tyli N. (1986) – Report for the water supply of Kosmaç, Stajke, Melgushe, Plezhe villages
(Shkoder).Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Tyli N. (1983) – Report for the water supply of Beltoje, Mali Hebaj (Shkoder). Central
Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
Xhomo A., Kodra A., Xhafa Z., Shallo M. (2002) – Geology of Albania and Geological
Map of Albania at the scale 1:200.000. Central Archive of AGS, Tirana (in Albanian).
15
Annex 1Boreholes (location and piezometric level)
Coordinates
Borehole
number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
27
30
31
32
35
36
37
38
39
Location
Bahcallëk
Berdicë
Berdicë
Berdicë
Ashtë
Samrisht
Samrisht
Dajç
Obot (Serreq)
Daragjat
Daragjat
Daragjat
Kozmaç
Rrushkull
Dajç i Bunës
Bregu i Bunës
Obot
Obot
Lagja e
Malsorëve
Lagja e
Malsorëve
Trush
Melgushë
Belaj
Pentar
Pentar, Luar
Trush poshtëm
Velipojë
Velipojë,
Qerret
Velipojë,
Gomsiqe
Velipojë,
Qerret
Velipojë
N
4655300.695
4654600.979
4653301.504
4653751.322
4652501.829
4650967.448
4650627.586
4650603.596
4650639.582
4650722.548
4651302.314
4650652.577
4650606.597
4648815.32
4648885.292
4648923.276
4649789.926
4648153.588
E
375369.07
376068.78
374219.53
373419.86
378267.89
366686.58
367947.07
368696.77
369546.42
371820.5
372520.22
371870.48
379836.26
365729.97
368186.98
369188.57
369308.52
369768.33
Piezometric
Borehole
depth
Z
(m)
8.1
55.2
8.9
52
9.5
20.8
7.7
15
10.65
24
6.1
37
5.2
37.7
4
35
5.5
24
6
31
6.5
35
6.1
26.5
14.3
18.5
6
32
4.43
42
4.17
32
7.25
45
7.35
33.5
level (m)
a. s. l
4
5.75
4.9
4.2
9.4
1.93
2.3
2.7
2.82
4.05
4.14
4.15
11.95
1.5
1.43
2.67
2.85
2.9
4648569.421 374474.43
6.4
23
3.8
4649581.011
4647814.726
4648561.424
4647540.836
4646502.256
4644761.961
4645614.617
4643955.289
5.8
5.5
8.1
3
2.9
2.35
0.8
2.5
20.2
22.15
23
38
36.6
40
70
44
5.2
3.8
5.45
1.3
0.2
0.2
2.4
3.5
4637882.747 368049.03
2
37.4
1.25
4637882.747 366047.84
1.8
48
1.8
4636308.385 368559.83
4641456.299 363953.69
2.1
2.5
128
22.7
1.05
0.3
375287.1
375363.07
377155.34
366525.65
365828.93
363985.68
371800.51
371050.82
16
Annex 2
Borehole
number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
27
30
31
32
35
36
37
38
39
The hydraulic properties of the aquifer and the chemical
composition of groundwaters
Total capacity
of wells
Q (l/s)
3.3
19
3
14
5.89
4.8
2.71
5.62
1.5
1.17
4.34
1.17
2.5
3.3
25
5.12
3
3.7
4.2
1.3
2.2
2.3
4.65
1.2
1.5
21.05
0.2
0.3
2.81
1.4
Specific capacity
Permeability Mineralization
of wells, q (l/s/m)
0.35
19
1.5
7.4
5
3
4.16
2.76
1.5
0.29
4.34
0.29
7
2
58
1.8
3
2.8
13.8
1.8
3.5
23
1.17
2.5
1.5
3.05
7
K (m/day)
24.1
210
0.2
2.8
1
33
15.3
47
26.5
48
34
11
32.8
12
34.6
559.5
27.5
458
38
23
16.5
97
10.9
46.5
95.4
13
27.6
11.7
47.3
mg/l
Total hardness
(in German
grades)
576.1
19.15
695.7
22.6
550.6
380
379.2
630
951.2
396
487.2
411
415.8
385
337.1
374
361.2
312.5
353.5
353.5
907.2
437.7
637.6
637.6
380
212
16390
16193
12341
4068
14.15
11.26
12.99
15.2
16.82
13.58
16.8
13.86
11.51
11.9
13.13
12.23
11.56
10.56
10.68
10.86
10.08
10.3
9.52
9.52
10.22
9.15
190.98
190.3
21
33.54
pH
7.8
8.2
8.1
7.1
8.12
7.8
8.25
8.25
8.6
7.9
17
Annex 3 Hydrogeological Map of Buna Basin (Albanian part)
18