Ecology (pp. 8 – 13)
Section 1.1
Definitions
Ecology
Ecosystem
Biotic Factor
Abiotic Factor
List four different abiotic factors that can affect an ecosystem.
(hint: these are in red letters in the book).
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ecology (pp. 8 – 13)
Section 1.1
Draw a diagram of an ecosystem where you live. Label the factors “biotic” or “abiotic.” If you
prefer you can also take a photograph or cut an illustration out of a magazine and label it.
Make sure you have at least four abiotic and four biotic factors.
Ecology (pp. 8 – 13)
Section 1.1
Name two animals that can only be found in environments with very cold temperatures.
1.
2.
Name two animals can be found in environments with very warm temperatures.
1.
2.
How does the amount of light affect ocean ecosystems (page 12)?
Match the soil to how the water moves through the soil
_______________ Sandy soil
A. The small, tightly packed particles block water
from moving through the soil
_______________ Clay soil:
B. This soil has large particles and lots of air space
so water flows through it very rapidly
______________Organic-rich soil:
C. This soil has lots of organic matter so it holds
water and also allows air to reach plant roots
How does the diversity of animal and plants relate to the amount of water in an ecosystem?
Ecology (pp. 16 – 20)
Section 1.2
Definitions:
Cycle
Water Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Ecology (pp. 16 – 20)
Section 1.2
What are the three physical forms of water?
Name three ways that you are part of the carbon cycle.
Look at the illustration on page 20. Notice that there are three labels written in black letters.
These are the sources for Nitrogen. What are the three sources?
1.
2.
3.
Keep looking at the diagram. Notice there is only ONE arrow pointing to USABLE nitrogen in
the soil. What is the source that created the usable nitrogen?
Keep looking at the diagram. Notice that there is only one arrow pointing towards the animal.
This is the only way animals can get nitrogen. What is that way?
Ecology (pp. 22 – 28)
Section 1.3
Definitions:
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
Food Chain
Food Web
Energy Pyramid
Ecology (pp. 22 – 29)
Section 1.3
How does energy enter into the living parts of an ecosystem? Hint: This is the way the
producers get energy.
What is the different between a food chain and a food web?
How does a producer affect an ecosystem?
How does a consumer affect an ecosystem?
How does a decomposer affect an ecosystem?
Ecology (pp. 22 – 29)
Section 1.3
Draw a food chain and food web for an ecosystem near your home. Are you part of this food
web? Could you be?
Ecology (pp. 30 – 37)
Section 1.4
Definitions:
biome
coniferous
deciduous
estuary
Ecology (pp. 30 – 37)
Section 1.4
List the six main land biomes. Underneath each biome write the characteristic abiotic factors,
a characteristic type of plant, and three animals that live in the biome.
1. _______________________________________
abiotic factors:
characteristic plant:
three animals:
2. _______________________________________
abiotic factors:
characteristic plant:
three animals:
3. _______________________________________
abiotic factors:
characteristic plant:
three animals:
Ecology (pp. 30 – 37)
Section 1.4
List the six main land biomes. Underneath each biome write the characteristic abiotic factors,
a characteristic type of plant, and three animals that live in the biome. (Continued)
4. _______________________________________
abiotic factors:
characteristic plant:
three animals:
5. _______________________________________
abiotic factors:
characteristic plant:
three animals:
6. _______________________________________
abiotic factors:
characteristic plant:
three animals:
Ecology (pp. 30 – 37)
Section 1.4
If an ecosystem in the grassland biome started to receive less and less rainfall every year, what
new biome would be established?
Use the map on page 31 to list the following four biomes in the order you would find them
moving from the equator to the poles:
Desert, taiga, tropical forest, tundra
Name the six water different biomes. Label each as “freshwater, “saltwater,” or “neither.”
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What conditions do deep ocean organisms face that open ocean organisms do not face?
What conditions do coastal organisms have to face that open ocean organisms do not face?
Ecology (pp. 14 – 38)
Chapter 1 Review
Which best describes the components of an ecosystem?
a. light, water, soil, temperature
b. autotrophs and heterotrophs
c. biotic and abiotic factors
d. producers, consumers, and decomposers
What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?
a. water
b. nitrogen
c. soil
d. sunlight
What is the process by which the water in rivers, lakes, and oceans, is converted to a gas and
moves into the atmosphere?
a. precipitation
b. evaporation
c. condensation
d. transpiration
The process called nitrogen fixation is essential for life on Earth. Which of the following is an
example of nitrogen fixation?
a. plants take in nitrogen gas from the atmosphere.
b. Animals take in nitrogen gas from the atmosphere
c. Water absorbs nitrogen
d. Bacteria convert nitrogen gas into a form that plants can use
Which organism is a decomposer?
a. Vulture
b. Sunflower
c. Musk ox
d. Fungus
How are decomposers important in an ecosystem?
a. they make atmospheric nitrogen available to plants in a usable form.
b. They convert organic matter into more complex compounds
c. They are an important source of food for scavengers
d. They break down organic matter into simpler compounds.
Ecology (pp. 14 – 38)
Chapter 1 Review
Look in your book on page 40. There is a “Thinking Critically” diagram. Questions 17 through
20 refer to the diagram. Answer the questions (reprinted here!)
What does the diagram represent?
How does the diagram relate to energy in an ecosystem?
Identify each of the animals in the diagram as a producer, primary consumer , secondary
consumer, or tertiary consumer.
Cattail
Mosquito
Slug
Frog
Salamander
Water snake
Another animal that is found in many wetlands ecosystems is the shrew. The shrew eats
salamanders and slugs and is eaten by water snakes. Copy the diagram and show how you
would add the shrew to the diagram. You may draw the diagram on the back of this page or
add a paper.