Chapter 13: Principles of Ecology/Lesar
Chapter 13 Principles of Ecology
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13.1: Ecologists Study Relationships
o Vocabulary
 Ecology
 Community
 Ecosystem
 Biome
Ecological research methods include:
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Levels of Organization (define each)
Atom –> Molecule –> Macromolecule –> Cells –>Tissues –> Organs -> Organ Systems –>
Organisms –>Population – >Community –> Ecosystem -> Biome
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13.2 Biotic and Abiotic Factors
o Vocabulary
 Biotic factor:
 Abiotic factor:
 Biodiversity
 Keystone species
13.3 Energy in Ecosystems
o Vocabulary
 Producer
 Autotroph
 Consumer
 Heterotroph
 Chemosynthesis
How does the stability of an ecosystem depend on its producer?
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13.4: Food Chains and Food Webs
o Vocabulary
 Food Chain
 Herbivore
 Carnivore
 Omnivore
 Detritivore
 Decomposer
 Specialist
 Generalist
 Trophic level
2014
Chapter 13: Principles of Ecology/Lesar

2014
Food web
Finish the following statement: Energy ___________ through an ecosystem, while nutrients _______________
through an ecosystem.
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13.6 Pyramid Models
o Vocabulary
 Biomass
 Energy pyramid
If each level in a food chain typically loses 90 percent of the energy it takes in, and the producer level uses 1000
kcal of energy, how much of that energy is left after the third trophic level? Where does the energy go?
What is the rule of 10-10-10?