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Biology I Core 40 Test Review: Ecology
What types of subjects should you look for on Ecology?
--Flow of Matter and Energy in Ecosystems (food chains, food webs, pyramid of energy,
pyramid of numbers, pyramid of biomass), Biotic and Abiotic factors in the environment.
--Cycles in Nature (Carbon Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle)
--Communities (Primary and Secondary Succession,
--Populations (Growth-linear, logistic and exponential, Carrying capacity, Limits to growth)
--Biological Diversity (Habitat degradation, Pollution, Extinction, Invasive Species,
Conservation)
Explain the energy pyramid above. Include each level in your explanation and the
differences in the organisms. What % is lost from one level to another?
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Level 1 is made up of autotrophs or heterotrophs?
Which level has the most biomass?
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Multiple Choice Questions:
1. In the pyramid above, less energy is available in the 3rd level because
A. there is more food than in the 1st level
B. energy from the 1st level and second level was given off as heat
C. the organism at the top doesn’t need very
D. producers don’t use as much energy as consumers
2. Because wolves consume other animal species they are described as
A. carnivores
C. omnivores
B. omnivores
D. predators
3. Which of these organisms breaks down and releases nutrients from other dead organisms
A. herbivores
C. omnivore
B. decomposers
D. carnivore
4. Which of the following may be a limiting factor in an organism’s survival:
A. food available
D. living space
B. number of predators
E. all of the above
C. competition
F. none of the above
5. Which of the following would most decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the air
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Planting maple trees
Planting beech trees
Covering grasslands with parking lots
Person driving a car
A&B
6. All the biotic factors in a small forest form a(an)
A. population
B. community
C. ecosystem
D. biosphere
When DDT (a pesticide) was used for decades and had been passed to eagles and other large
birds. Soon this affected the birth rate of the eagles causing them to be put on the endangered
species list.
7. DDT passed to the eagles by
A. water
B. soil
C. food chains
D. air
8. The process of building ever increasing amounts of a toxic substance in organisms as you
move up the food chain is called
A. conservation
B. biomagnifications
C. diversity
D. consumption
9. Which of the following is not caused by air pollution
A. acid precipitation
B. increased UV radiation
C. loss of the ozone layer
D. algal blooms(rapid growth of algae in a lake)
E. Global warming
10. Which of these is an invasive species in Indiana?
A. Asian Bush Honeysuckle
B. Emerald Ashborer
C. Zebra mussel
D. Garlic Mustard
E. All of the above
F. None of the above
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11. Which level represents the smallest biomass?
12. Label each organism above as an autotroph or heterotroph.
13. This graph shows population growth of houseflies. Based on the data in the graph, which of
these statements is true?
A.
B.
C.
D.
All the population will be dead at the end of the year
At the beginning of the year there are no houseflies
The graph shows a J-curve of steady growth every month
The graph shows a J-curve of exponential growth
14. In the graph above, if the fly population leveled off for a year at 500,000-550,000 due to
an increase in spiders in the area—label each of the following as true or false
A.
B.
C.
D.
Average death rate would equal average birth rate_________
this is an example of linear growth___________
this would be an example of an S-curve graph______________
the flies have reached their carrying capacity_______________
15. A logistic curve is in the shape of a
a. . J
b. Straight line
c. S
d. An inverted line
16. Underline the correct answer. Which succession involves the loss of soil? Primary or
secondary
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Short answer questions
1. Hurricanes destroyed several Beach areas on the gulf coast of the United States.
Explain what pioneer plants would be the first organisms to move in.
2. Zebra mussels (p120) are an invasive species of clam-like organisms—They feed on
phytoplankton removing most of these photosynthetic organisms, reproduce
exponentially, and have no effective predators. List/explain 3 ways zebra mussels
affect the food web and biodiversity in the Great Lakes ecosystem.
3. Construct a food web using the following organisms.
Deer Squirrel Hawk Owl Mountain Lion trees Nuts grasses mice snake
4. Write the formula for photosynthesis.
5. Write the formula for respiration
6. Why are decomposers essential for cycles such as the nitrogen cycle?
7. List/explain 3 ways zebra mussels affect the food web and biodiversity in the Great
Lakes ecosystem.