Program April 2014 Segment Time Good Health Starts at Home Lesson Guide Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing 30 minutes to 2 hours Purpose To educate participants about the importance of addressing healthy home concerns with making energy efficient improvements. This lesson will address weatherization activities and the potentially negative impact they may have on health of occupants in a home if done improperly. Audience General consumer audience Learning Objectives Participants will accomplish the following: Knowledge: Describe potentially negative effects of weatherization activities. Comprehension: Identify potential hazards related to air sealing and insulation and the resulting impact they may have on radon, carbon monoxide, lead, asbestos, mold and moisture and other indoor air quality issues. Application: List actions that can be taken to protect against potential negative health consequences of weatherization activities. Instructor Lesson Materials Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing Lesson Guide PowerPoint with speaker notes Help Yourself to a Healthy Homes book Publication/Handouts of choice (optional – see suggestions under Publications/Resource Materials) Name tags/tent cards for each student Pre/Post Tests and Evaluation form for each student Sign-in sheet, pens/pencils for participants Evaluation sheet 1 Participant Materials Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing Pre and Post Test Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing Evaluation Pens/pencils/paper Copy of PowerPoint slides Equipment Laptop LCD Projector Speakers for computer (if showing videos) Extension cord and power strip Microphone (if you are inviting a guest speaker or have a large group) White board or flip chart and markers Internet connection to show videos Helpful websites US Environmental Protection Agency Indoor Air Quality and Weatherization http://www.epa.gov/iaq/climatereadiness/weatherization.html US Environmental Protection Agency Lead Renovation and Repair http://www2.epa.gov/lead/renovation-repair-and-painting-program US Environmental Protection Agency Radon http://www.epa.gov/radon/ Publications/ Resource Materials (select most appropriate materials for your audience) (Optional) Help Yourself to a Healthy Home http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/H/HE0883/HE-0883.pdf focus on chapter on Lead, Carbon Monoxide, Indoor Air Quality, Asthma & Allergies and Mold & Moisture (required) HUD Publications: http://www.hud.gov/healthyhomes Lead http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/healthy_homes/hea lthyhomes/lead Carbon Monoxide http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/healthy_homes/hea lthyhomes/carbonmonoxide Mold http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/healthy_homes/hea lthyhomes/mold Radon http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/healthy_homes/hea lthyhomes/radon 2 EPA Publications: Healthy Indoor Environments Protocols for Energy Upgrades http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pdfs/epa_retrofit_protocols.pdf The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/insidestory.html Lead Renovate Right http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/documents/renovaterightbrochure. pdf Steps to Lead Safe Renovation http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/documents/steps.pdf A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture and Your Home (EPA) http://www.epa.gov/mold/pdfs/moldguide.pdf Energy Star Publications: Frequently Asked Questions about CFL’s http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/promotions/change_light/downloads/Fa ct_Sheet_Mercury.pdf Energy Star Home Improvement http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=home_improvement.hm_improvement _index Selected videos Lead: WxTV 12 Steps to Lead Safety http://wxtvonline.org/2010/04/lead-safety/ Mold: WxTV Mold and Moisture http://wxtvonline.org/2011/01/mold/ Carbon Monoxide: CSPC Video on Carbon Monoxide http://www.cpsc.gov/Newsroom/Multimedia/?vid=61664 Weatherization and Housing as a System: Grandma’s House http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgnzdrC8AJ8 Extended Activity Radon Action Month: Promote for month of January http://www.epa.gov/radon/nram/ Energy Awareness Month for month of October https://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/services/energy_aware.html National Lead Poisoning Week in October https://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/services/energy_aware.html 3 Suggested Materials and Supplies for Demonstrations and Activities (select most appropriate materials for your audience) Preparing for this Session This lesson assumes that an Extension educator will be the speaker for the session. If an alternate speaker or co-speaker is used, be certain they have reviewed the material and are clear that Extension is tasked with presenting nonbiased material. Before the meeting: 1. Several weeks in advance: a. Determine appropriate meeting location and time for the program. b. Contact an Extension educator or other guest speaker at least a month in advance (optional)—if using, use Guest Speaker Confirmation form. For this subject area, consider asking a pharmacist or IPM Extension Specialist. c. Send out notices for meeting. d. Order handouts/reference materials/videos (especially those from EPA) if not making copies. 2. At least one week before training: a. Read the lesson guide and powerpoint materials. Review speaker notes and add notes if necessary. b. Review handouts/reference materials and supplemental material carefully. Energy Improvements -- Examples of caulking and weather stripping, insulation, mastic for duct work, CFL and LED lighting, air filters Moisture -- Moisture meter Carbon Monoxide -- Carbon monoxide alarm Lead – Lead test kit, examples of Personal Protective Equipment (i.e. Tyvek suit, N-100 disposable face mask, shoe covers, goggles, etc.) Asbestos – Pictures of asbestos, a list of accredited asbestos labs http://www.epa.gov/asbestos/pubs/help.html Radon – Short term and long term radon test kits Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs -- Items to demonstrate how to dispose of broken CFL’s and items to demonstrate how to recycle CFL’s c. Make copies of handouts for this session. d. Review the optional activities and assemble show and tell activity/demonstration tools. Visit a retail store and purchase demonstration supplies as needed. See Suggested Materials and Supplies for Demonstrations and Activities. e. Download suggested YouTube videos 3. Day before Training Assemble snacks/beverages: water, sodas, crackers, fruit, plates, napkins, etc 4 Presenting the Program Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing Important Instructor Notes To present a 3060 minute lesson 1. Remember to use activities, demonstrations of materials, and videos for a variety of teaching tools and do not be too dependent on the PowerPoint slides. 2. Encourage participation and questions by the participants throughout the presentation. Be interactive with your learners. 3. Provide personal stories when possible. People may remember better when personal stories are shared either by you or by the other participants. 4. 4. Good visuals will provide guided practice for the learning objectives of the lesson. Activities and demonstration materials can reinforce learning. 5. The adult learner brings a background of learning and experience that contributes to learning. Many participants will have experienced some of these energy and healthy home concerns in their own home. 6. The purpose of this information is to empower people with knowledge so they will adopt healthy behaviors and to offer practical, low-cost action steps to solve problems. 7. Emphasize the vulnerability of children for environmental health concerns. While the items in the list are hazards for all age groups, children are especially susceptible to these dangers. These are important concepts to remember, because: a. Children are not just little adults. Their organs (especially the brain) and immune system are still developing, especially until about age 6. Their metabolic rates are faster. Pound-per-pound children drink, eat and breathe more than adults. b. Children’s behaviors keep them closer to the floor – where pollutants may collect. If time does not allow for a 90-120 minute presentation, address the major points of energy efficient improvements and possible hazards. To shorten the lesson, presenters may wish to follow the following slide order : Slides 1-2, 5-6,8, 12-13, 16, 21-28, 30-32, 35-39, 41-43, 45, 47,49, 51 This sequence of slides will allow presenters to address the major objectives of the lesson. As time allows, the presenter can provide greater depth related to each specific hazard. 5 Training Agenda Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing Segment Time Activity (Minutes) Materials Pre-Test 10 Administer pre-test. You may number to keep anonymous Collect tests before beginning lesson or handing out any materials Pre-Test Introduction and Objectives 5 Ask: Did you know that making energy efficient improvements not only helps save money, but when done right can also: - Improve comfort - Insure combustion safety - Provide for moisture control - Increase the durability of your home - Improve indoor air quality? Review Objectives of training PowerPoint slides 1-2 Health and Safety Begin with a home audit or assessment 10 5 Publication: Help Yourself to a Healthy Home Whenever we make energy efficient improvements we must first consider health and safety. If improvements are not done properly, we can end up with indoor air quality concerns such as carbon monoxide, mold and moisture, other indoor air contaminants PowerPoint Slides 3 Discuss the importance of conducting a home audit or assessment prior to making any energy improvements. PowerPoint slides 4 6 HYHH book Common areas for energy savings 2 Air Leakage 1 Air Leakage 2 Areas to air seal and weatherize 7 minutes Say: Some common areas (in most homes) where you can make changes to improve efficiency include: - areas with air leakage (around windows, doors, etc.) - insulation (places in your home my need additional amounts) - heating and cooling equipment (maintaining and operating efficiently) - duct work (often very leaky) - lighting choices may not be efficient Discuss: If you add up the all of the leaks in an average home, it amounts to leaving a window wide open PowerPoint slide 5 Ask: Where do you think air leakage is greatest in a home? Greatest amounts of air leakage are typically found in: 1. Floors, walls and ceilings 2. Duct work Finding the holes: Discuss the common places in the home where we find air leakage PowerPoint slides 7-9 Discuss: Discuss areas that often need to be air sealed and weatherized, including: - plumbing penetrations - attic stairs - storm windows, fireplaces Discuss types of air sealants and weather stripping, including: - caulk - weather stripping - chimney balloons - PowerPoint slides 10-12 7 PowerPoint slide 6 Publications: Asthma Action Plans (see examples above) Supplies/dem onstration tools: Show common products used to air seal and weatherize Insulation 3 minutes Discuss the purpose of insulation – The purpose of insulation is to slow heat transfer. It works like a jacket – keeping the warmth in the house longer during cold months, and keeping the warmth out of the house longer during the summer months. How much insulation your home needs depends on where you live. PowerPoint slide 13-15 Energy Savers Guide http://energy. gov/sites/prod /files/energy_s avers.pdf Insulation Fact Sheet How much insulation do I need? http://www.or nl.gov/~roofs/ Zip/ZipHome.h tml For insulation to work 10 minutes Discuss the conditions that must occur in order for insulation to work properly: Stay in place Be installed without gaps, voids, compressions or low spots Touch the air barrier Remain dry Example of improper subfloor insulation installation Example of properly installed insulation Example of insulation that has fallen down Example of unevenly distributed insulation (it is better to spread thinly over the entire area, than to have one area with no insulation) 8 PowerPoint slides 16-20 Duct leakage 2 When examining duct work: Check for air leakage Look for separated sections Look for obvious holes, tears in the duct work Seal duct work with mastic, not duct tape Slide 22-23 If you have concerns about duct leakage, it may be best to have a professional inspect and seal. Heating and Cooling Equipment 2 Keep heating and cooling equipment in good working order Have your unit professionally serviced at least once a year. Clean and replace filters regularly Clean registers Keep supply and return clear, and keep supply vents open Slide 24-25 Ventilating fans 2 Use ventilating fans (vented to the outdoors) to remove moisture when bathing in the bathroom Use exhaust fans (vented to the outdoors) when cooking over a gas oven When moisture dissipates and you are finished cooking, remember to turn off the fan Slide 25 Lighting 2 LED and CFL bulbs can save you money on lighting. Compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) are 75% more efficient and last ten times longer than older incandescent bulbs. LED’s are about 75-80% more efficient and last up to 25 times longer than older incandescent bulbs. Slide 26 Energy Efficient Retrofits and Healthy Homes Slide 27 9 Moisture 2 Whenever weatherization improvements are Slide 28 made it is essential to consider the impact of that improvement on moisture. Moisture is created in a number of ways in the home. Through everyday activities such as bathing, breathing, washing dishes and mopping floors. Improperly vented combustion appliances can also add moisture to the home. (Note to instructor: there are many other potential sources of moisture, i.e. improper drainage, however they will not be covered in this module because they do not related to energy efficient improvements. You may want to revisit the moisture module and remind participants of the principles learned there.) Moisture 4 Sealing a home and not properly considering ventilation can result in moisture-laden air remaining in the home. This then, may result in excess moisture and mold growth. Slides 29-30 When we discussed insulation, we talked about the importance of making certain that there are no gaps or voids and that it touches the air barrier. This is what can happen if it is installed incorrectly. Here is mold growing on a ceiling that is chilled by wind blowing through the soffit across un-insulated drywall. The second picture shows mold around a window where there is poor insulation. Radon 1 Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas. It is produced by the normal breakdown of uranium in the soil. As the radon breaks down, it produces radioactive particles. If you breathe in these small particles. Radon gas the second leading cause of lung cancer and needs to be considered when improving your home for energy efficiency. 10 Slide 31 How radon enters your home 1 Where is Radon 2 Testing for Radon 3 Slide 32 Radon enters your home through cracks in the building materials, such as concrete blocks, floor drains, and other open holes. Forces such as exhaust fans, gas heaters, and wooden stoves help draw radon into the home. Slides 33-34 Radon can be found all over the country, but certain parts of the country tend to have higher levels. Radon levels can vary from place to place, even in two similar houses side by side. Slides 35-36 The only way to determine if you have radon is through testing. There are long term tests and short term tests. EPA radon information After making energy efficient improvements, retest your home for radon. Air sealing and weatherization may cause changes in radon levels. If you find your levels are high after testing, use radon mitigation techniques. Combustion By-Products 1 Carbon Monoxide 1 Slide 37 As your tighten up your home, you will also need to be concerned on the effect it may have on venting combustion gases. It essential that all combustion appliances are ventilated properly so that by-products leave the home and don’t affect your family’s health. Slide 38 Carbon monoxide is a byproduct of the combustion process it is an odorless, colorless gas that can make your family very sick. Carbon monoxide poisoning mimics flu like symptoms – at high levels it can cause death. 11 Carbon Monoxide Alarms 2 To guard against carbon monoxide poisoning, install a carbon monoxide near the sleeping area, where it can wake you if you are asleep. Additional detectors on every level and in every bedroom of a home provides extra protection. Do not install carbon monoxide detectors directly above or beside fuel-burning appliances, as appliances may emit a small amount of carbon monoxide upon start-up. A detector should not be placed within fifteen feet of heating or cooking appliances or in or near very humid areas such as bathrooms. Discuss the standards for a carbon monoxide alarm. 12 Slide 39-40 Lead Who is at risk? 3 - Lead is a concern in homes built prior to 1978 - The chemical properties of lead are similar to the properties of calcium, a necessary nutrient, and is therefore readily absorbed by the human body. - Those who lack calcium and iron in their diets absorb more lead. - Children and pregnant women absorb up to 50% of the lead they ingest or inhale. - The rest of the population absorbs 10 – 15% of ingested or inhaled lead. - Since children have a much smaller body mass, similar exposures between a child and an adult yield a much higher dose in a child. While some groups are more vulnerable to lead, it can harm everyone! The concern is when lead is inhaled or ingested and the health effects are serious. Lead affects the health of Children Brain damage Decreased IQ Lifelong learning and behavior problems Slowed growth Hearing loss It also affects Adults High blood pressure Fatigue Reproductive problems Loss of sex drive 13 Slide 41-42 Lead safe practices 3 Before making improvements in a pre-1978 home, check for lead paint. If lead is present, before making improvements and disturbing paint, it is essential to use lead safe work practices. The RRP rule addresses lead-based paint hazards created by renovation, repair and painting activities that disturb lead-based paint. The RRP rule requires that lead safe work practices are used in homes where lead paint is present, unless: Interior work disturbing less than 6 square feet (6 ft2) per room of painted surface Cleanup and cleaning verification are not required after minor repair and maintenance activities, unless they involve window replacement, demolition, or prohibited practices. Exterior work disturbing less than 20 square feet (20 ft2) per side of painted surface Cleanup and cleaning verification are not required after minor repair and maintenance activities, unless they involve window replacement, demolition, or prohibited practices. 14 Slide 43 Share lead safe practice renovation book Asbestos 3 Another concern when making home energy improvements is asbestos. Asbestos is a name given to a group of naturally occurring fibrous minerals. You can see the fibrous character of asbestos in this background picture. Asbestos minerals are made up of chains or layers of hydrated silicates with various building block elements of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, aluminum, and iron. The unique properties of asbestos allowed it to be added to over 3000 different products, some of which are still made today and available commercially. Asbestos is a mined resource. The negative side of asbestos are its health effects, and the illnesses caused by asbestos exposure. These illnesses are what caused asbestos to be regulated. EPA and OSHA began regulating asbestos in the 1970s. Asbestos is a concern whenever you may be disturbing building components. Asbestos fibers can be inhaled or ingested. Exposure to asbestos can cause illness such as pleural plaques, asbestosis, mesothelioma, lung cancer, gastrointestinal illness, etc., and that’s why we regulate this stuff. Asbestosis is a scarring of lung tissue which hampers the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide to/from the lungs and bloodstream. Many asbestotic victims die of pulmonary or cardiac failure due to increased breathing difficulty. Mesothelioma is a cancer of the lining of the lung and abdomen. Smoking increases risk because smoking reduces the lung’s ability to rid itself of inhaled particulate. Exposure to asbestos doesn’t cause pain, it doesn’t have warning properties, and since the latency period is relatively long, there’s no sense of urgency to think it can cause illness 15 Slide 44-46 Asbestos In your home 5 There are a number of places asbestos may be found in your home. Asbestos has a number of beneficial qualities. As a result, asbestos fibers were added to almost every product except wood, glass, and metal. Over the centuries, people have woven asbestos cloaks, tablecloths, theatre curtains and flameproof suits for protection against fire. Asbestos insulation not only conserved energy but also protected workers from injuries, i.e. burns. Brake shoes and clutch facings improved vehicle safety, and asbestos fireproofing allowed us to build tall buildings. Peak use of asbestos in America was in the 1940s-1970s. Asbestos was used in hospital ventilators, cigarette butts, filters for our favorite beverages, etc. Humans recognized its benefits and put it to use. Before disturbing any building components in the weatherization process, it is essential to evaluate whether or not asbestos is present. 16 Slide 47 Here are some dos and don’ts regarding asbestos: DO have removal and major repair done by people who are trained, qualified, and equipped to handle asbestos. We highly recommend that minor repair and taking samples to test for asbestos also be done by asbestos professionals. DON'T remove materials that may contain asbestos without proper personal protective equipment and environmental controls. If materials that may contain asbestos are damaged by flooding, leave them in place until they can be removed by trained asbestos professionals. DON'T dust, sweep, or vacuum debris that may contain asbestos. DON'T saw, sand, scrape, or drill holes in asbestos materials. DON'T use abrasive pads or brushes on power strippers to strip wax from asbestos flooring. Never use a power stripper on a dry floor. DON'T sand or try to level asbestos flooring or its backing. When asbestos flooring needs replacing, install new floor covering over it, if possible. DON'T track material that could contain asbestos through the house. If you cannot avoid walking through the area, have it cleaned with a wet mop. If the material is from a damaged area, or if a large area must be cleaned, call an asbestos professional. DO keep activities to a minimum in any areas, such as crawl spaces or attics, having damaged material that may contain asbestos. DO take every precaution to avoid damaging asbestos or materials that may contain asbestos. 17 CFL’s 1 Compact fluorescent bulbs are Slide 49 CFL Clean Up 3 According to the EPA, these are the steps you should follow when cleaning up a broken CFL: Before Cleanup Have people and pets leave the room. Air out the room for 5-10 minutes by opening a window or door to the outdoor environment. Shut off the central forced air heating/airconditioning system, if you have one. Collect materials needed to clean up broken bulb: o stiff paper or cardboard; o sticky tape; o damp paper towels or disposable wet wipes (for hard surfaces); and o a glass jar with a metal lid or a sealable plastic bag. Slide 50 18 During Cleanup DO NOT VACUUM. Vacuuming is not recommended unless broken glass remains after all other cleanup steps have been taken. Vacuuming could spread mercury-containing powder or mercury vapor. Be thorough in collecting broken glass and visible powder. Scoop up glass fragments and powder using stiff paper or cardboard. Use sticky tape, such as duct tape, to pick up any remaining small glass fragments and powder. Place the used tape in the glass jar or plastic bag. See the detailed cleanup instructions for more information, and for differences in cleaning up hard surfaces versus carpeting or rugs. Place cleanup materials in a sealable container. After Cleanup Promptly place all bulb debris and cleanup materials, including vacuum cleaner bags, outdoors in a trash container or protected area until materials can be disposed of. Avoid leaving any bulb fragments or cleanup materials indoors. Next, check with your local government about disposal requirements in your area, because some localities require fluorescent bulbs (broken or unbroken) be taken to a local recycling center. If there is no such requirement in your area, you can dispose of the materials with your household trash. If practical, continue to air out the room where the bulb was broken and leave the heating/air conditioning system shut off for several hours. Promptly place all bulb debris and cleanup materials, including vacuum cleaner bags, outdoors in a trash container or 19 protected area until materials can be disposed of. Avoid leaving any bulb fragments or cleanup materials indoors. bags, outdoors in a trash container or protected area until materials can be disposed of. Avoid leaving any bulb fragments or cleanup materials indoors. Next, check with your local government about disposal requirements in your area, because some localities require fluorescent bulbs (broken or unbroken) be taken to a local recycling center. If there is no such requirement in your area, you can dispose of the materials with your household trash. If practical, continue to air out the room where the bulb was broken and leave the heating/air conditioning system shut off for several hours. Home Energy Action Steps Post-test Review test 2 Review home energy action steps Slide 51 10 5 Post-test Evaluation 5 Administer post-test Go over each question and call on individuals in the audience. Administer evaluation 20 Evaluation form Sample news release or radio spot Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing Most people want a comfortable energy efficient home. However, did you know that some energy efficient improvements, if not made thoughtfully, could result in making our homes unhealthy? When considering improvements, did you ever think about potential dangers of lead, asbestos or radon? What about carbon monoxide poisoning? And, are there possible hazards in new energy efficient lighting? These are all things you should consider before beginning your home energy improvement projects. By following specific safety steps you can make energy efficient changes in your home, while maintaining the health and safety of those who live in it. a program at (time) on (date) (agency name) is sponsoring at (location) . This program covers energy efficient improvements and healthy homes. The program will address energy efficient improvements, such installing insulation, performing air sealing and selecting energy efficient lighting as well as the potential healthy homes considerations associated with each of these actions. Energy efficient improvements, done correctly, cannot only result in increased comfort, home durability and cost savings, but a healthy living environment as well. Additional helpful resources will be given. For more information or to register for the program call or email (agency name) at (phone number) or (email address) 21 . Guest Speaker Confirmation Form: Energy Efficiency and Healthy Housing Speaker: Today’s Date: Presentation Date & Time: Location: Location Directions: # Of Expected Participants: General Audience: Background: The healthy homes workshop you are speaking at provides consumers with information on making energy efficient improvements while ensuring the health and safety of the occupants of a home. Your experiences with energy efficient improvements may help people to understand one or more of the following: proper air sealing, insulation installation, duct leakage, energy efficient lighting and the healthy homes concerns they may raise including moisture, asbestos, lead, carbon monoxide, radon and mercury. Please share information that will help those wishing to make energy efficient improvements that improve comfort, durability, as well as the health and safety of those living in the home. Thank you language: Other info: Please let the workshop coordinator know of any audiovisual equipment or other needs you might have at least 2 business days prior to the presentation. Home energy workshop coordinator contact info: Thank you for agreeing to share your expertise on Energy Efficient Improvements and Healthy Homes 22