Name: ________________________________
Genetics Study Guide
1. Who is the Father of Genetics? _______________________________________________________
a. What was the object that he primarily studied? ____________________________________
b. What were Mendel’s 2 laws?
1. _______________________________________________________________
a. Explain what it means:______________________________________
_________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________
a. Explain what it means:______________________________________
________________________________________________________
c. Explain Mendel’s Principle of Dominance:________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What is a pure-bred organism? _______________________________________________________
3. What is a hybrid organism? __________________________________________________________
4. What is an allele? __________________________________________________________________
5. What is a dominant trait? ___________________________________________________________
a. What types of letters are used to represent dominant alleles? ________________________
b. How many dominant alleles must be present for the trait to be expressed? ______________
6. What are recessive traits?____________________________________________________________
a. What types of letters are used to represent recessive alleles? _________________________
b. How many recessive alleles must be present for the trait to be expressed? ______________
7. What does Homozygous mean? _______________________________________________________
8. What does Heterozygous mean? ______________________________________________________
9. Define Genotype: __________________________________________________________________
10. Define Phenotype: _________________________________________________________________
11. Circle the homozygous genotypes and underline the heterozygous genotypes:
a. AA
Bb
CC
dd
Ee
fF
GG hh
Ii
JJ
kk
Ll
mm
12. If D=dark hair and d=light hair, what will be the phenotype or genotype of the following:
a. Dd_______________________
d. dd _______________
b. Light hair _________________
e. DD _______________
c. Dark hair _______ or ______
f. dD ________________
13. If D=dark hair and d=light hair, show a Punnett square of the mating of a heterozygous person and
a homozygous recessive person.
a. What percent of the offspring will have dark hair? ____
b. What percent of the offspring will have light hair? ____
c. What are ALL possible genotypes of the offspring? ________________________
d. What percent will be heterozygous? ___________
e. What percent will be homozygous dominant? _______
f. What percent will be homozygous recessive? ________
14. What are the 3 principle of heredity?
a. _________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________________
15. INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE: A species of flower comes in 3 colors, Red, Blue, and Purple. If you
mated 2 purple flowers together, what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring
AND WHAT PERCENT WILL HAVE EACH?
16. CODOMINANCE: A person heterozygous for A blood and a person heterozygous for B blood are
concerned because their child has O blood. Use a Punnett square to show whether this is possible,
or whether the hospital made a mistake.
17. What are the possible genotypes of someone with the following phenotypes?
a. A ______________________________
b. B ______________________________
c. AB _____________________________
d. O ______________________________
18. What is meant by polygenetic inheritance? _____________________________________________
a. Give some examples: _________________________________________________________
b. Can simple Mendelian Inheritance explain polygenetic inheritance? ____________________
19. Can the environment influence genetics? Yes or No (Circle one)
20. Give an example of a Chromosomal Disorder: __________________ Which chromosome does
causes this ?_____
21. Give a few examples of Recessive Genetic Disorders ______________________________________
:________________________________________________________________________________
a. How many alleles of the trait does a person have to inherit to have a recessive genetic
disorder? ____________
22. Give an example of a Dominant Genetic Disorder: ________________________________________
23. Show a Punnett square to prove that there is a 50% chance of a child being male or female.
24. SEX-LINKED TRAITS: A woman who is colorblind has a child with a male who has normal vision.
Draw a Punnett Square showing this.
a. What percent of male offspring will be color blind? ____
b. What percent of female offspring will be color blind? ____
25. What is a carrier for a genetic disorder? ________________________________________________
a. Are they affected by the disorder? ______________________________________________
b. Can they pass the trait on to offspring? __________________________________________
26. What are some advances in genetics, and why are they important?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
27. What is a GMO? ___________________________________________________________________
a. Are GMO’s generally safe for human and animal consumption? _______________________