BIOLOGY
Unit 4 Objectives: Energy
Name____________________
Date___________ Period____
1. Describe the process and importance of photosynthesis.
a. Importance
b. Reactants
c. Products
d. Location
2. Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis.
3. Interpret an experiment that manipulates factors involved in photosynthesis.
a. Test tube trap experiment
b. Blue water experiment
c. Boiled geranium experiment
4. Describe the process and importance of cellular respiration.
a. Importance
b. Reactants
c. Products
d. Location
5. Write a balanced equation for cellular respiration.
6. Provide three examples of how energy is used in living things.
7. Describe how the ATP molecule is used to store energy.
a. phosphate bonds
b. ATP – ADP cycle
8. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration and give an example of where each occurs.
a. Location inside the cell
b. Amount of energy produced
c. Oxygen requirement
d. Waste products
9. Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
a. Purpose
b. Products
c. Reactants
d. Location inside the cell
e. Types of organisms
f. Interdependence
ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY
Products
Reactants
Photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
Chloroplast
Glucose
Cellular respiration
Enzymes
Mitochondria
Glucose
ATP/ADP
Phosphate Bonds
Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
Objective 1: Describe the process and importance of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis: process by which________________ convert _______________________
from the sun into _______________________ in the form of
______________ (food).
Importance: converts light energy into ______________________ using inorganic materials
Reactants:
Products:
Location:
Other Things Necessary:
_________________: the light-capturing pigment found in the chloroplast that absorbs all
wavelengths (colors) of light except green.
_____________: autotrophs need light energy (sunlight) to transform reactants into products.
_____________: enzymes are needed to catalyze the reaction.
Objective 2: Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis.
Balanced Equation:
Summary of Photosynthesis:
Chlorophyll and other pigments located in the chloroplasts absorb the sun’s energy, which stimulates
carbon dioxide and water to react and form oxygen and glucose.
The energy is stored in the bonds of the glucose. Organisms must break these bonds (do cellular
respiration) to get the energy.
Objective 4: Describe the process and importance of cellular respiration.
Cellular Respiration: process by which ___________________(____________) is broken
down to form __________________ (______).
Importance:
Reactants:
Products:
Location:
Objective 5: Write a balanced equation for cellular respiration.
Balanced Equation:
Note: This overall reaction is similar to the burning of _________________or the burning of
the _________________________________…
EXCEPT there are 2 BIG DIFFERENCES:
1. Although it’s a ___________ process, ___________ is broken down in our
________________ in a series of ___________ (taken apart piece by piece.) Each step is
dictated by a specific ________________.
2. When ___________ is released, it is “repackaged” into 36 ___________ molecules
(chemical energy) that temporarily ___________ the ___________ and carry it to where
it is needed in the cell.
Analysis of M&M Demonstration—A Model for Cellular Respiration
A. Why did the M&M burn so much more in the melted salt?
B. Do you think that we get that much energy from one M&M in our mitochondria?
C. In the chart below, explain the differences between how we burn glucose in our mitochondria
and how glucose was burned in the test tube.
Categories
M&M in Test Tube
M&M in Mitochondria
Form(s) in
which energy
is released
How the
energy is
released
Efficiency of
the Process
Objective 7: Describe how the ATP molecule is used to store energy.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate): molecule that ____________ __________ __________
released from ____________ and carries it to other parts of the cell.
 Has ____________ that store ____________
 When a phosphate bond is ____________, energy is ____________
 When a phosphate bond is ____________, energy is ____________
___________ is
broken down
___________
is used by cell
Objective 6: Provide three examples of how energy is used in living things.
Energy is used by the cell to do work:
1. ________________: flagella, cilia, muscle contraction
2. ___________________: move molecules across cell membrane
3. ________________________________ large molecules
**All organisms (heterotrophs and autotrophs) do cellular respiration!!**
Objective 8: Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration and give an example of where each
occurs.
Aerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
Location
Oxygen Requirement
Amount of usable
energy converted from
one molecule of
glucose
←Process
Major Types→
Waste Products
Objective 9: Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
Category of
Comparison
Importance of Each
Process
Products
Reactants
Location in Cell
Occurs in these
Organisms
Interdependence of
Cellular Respiration
and Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis